HAIDONG GUMDO Starting Class and Knowing the Basics KiMaSeh ready stance, or “horse stance”, heal/ toe movements, by count 1) Hai 2) Dong 3) Gum 4) Do, end with knees turned in two fists width apart Pal Dodraw sword, one hand 45 degree cut, bring sword to defense position Chun Mung Bae Gae center (straight) cut Cha O Bae Gae left/right cuts Sam Dan Bae Gae 3 cuts, center/left/right Wing Ging O Bae Gae cross cut (two hands), waist high and chamber Kwan Ja Bae Gae 6 cut combination, ending defense position TaeToSeh stepping forward, into long stance (feet aligned), front knee bent turn (pivot 180) defense, then turn (pivot 180) cutting Pal Sang Seh one leg stance, “rooster stance” (Ku-gae Tok Nip PalSangSeh) turn left (pivot 180), low sweeping block with (back of) sword, into TaeToSeh, turn back right (pivot 180), lift left leg, (chin, elbow, knee in alignment) sword held high, stepping forward, ChaYunSeh, (one hand) cross cut, turn right (180), lift right leg, sword and arms held high, (chin, elbow, right knee in alignment, toes pointed downward) ChiYun Seh stepping forward, “pushing” sword into defense position, Ahpro step forward , defense or cutting (BaeGae) Dwiro step back Charo step left Oro step right Ee O BaeGae (quickly) stepping forward (Ahpro) then back (Dwiro), either cutting or defense; (variation) SaToSeh, short stance, cutting (BaeGae) to ChaYunSeh, cutting (BaeGae); then stepping left (Charo) & right (Oro), cutting (BaeGae) SaToSeh short stance, knees bent turn (180 degrees), stepping, cutting or defense, slide feet ChoChung Seh step forward, ChaYunSeh, 45 degree (one handed)cut left to right (pivoting120 degrees), stepping TaeToSeh, then pivot back forward while in TaeToSeh,, sword raised over head, (re-grip two hands) in front, left elbow pointing down, right arm back. GiYunSeh step forward, into ChaYunSeh, with sword low right side, stepping Ahpro, Dwai, Charo, Oro Forms: Sang-soo Gumbub Yedo Gumbub 1) Sang-soo Gumbub Il Bon 1) Yedo Gumbub Il bon 2) Ee Bon 2) Ee Bon 3) Sum Bon 3) Sum Bon 4) Sa Bon 4) Sa Bon 5) Oh Bon 5) Oh Bon 6) Youk Bon 6) Youk Bon 7) Chil Bon 7) Chil Bon 8) Pal Bon 8) Pal Bon 9) gKoo Bon 9) gKoo Bon 10 Ship Bon 11) Ship-Il Bon 12) Ship-Ee Bon Black Belt Forms Shimsang Gumbub (by Cho dan) Yedo Gumbub (by Ee dan) Bon-guk Gumbub Jang-paek Gumbub) Um-yang Gumbub Tae-guk Gumbub Hai-Dong Gumbub Ssang Gumbub (two blades) Breathing Exercise DaJung : (Breathing in through the nose and exhale through nose) From a KiMaSeh stance; start by breathing with arms, two times, and then say aloud, Chun (sky), Gi (Land), In (human), Tul,(together), Moo (nothing), Guk (self-defeating), finishing with hands held in front above head. Then practice breathing from sitting position. Tan Jun Ho Hoop: Energy Building Mediation Kae-une-ki-gog: Calming Practice The Meaning of “ Haidong Gumdo” It appears that there has been an attempt to trace the lineage of the Haidong Gumdo back to the Kokuryo Kingdom, specifically mentioning King Kwang Kaeto (371-384 AD). Other figures, one named General YuYu and another, a monk referred to as the Sulbong Sunim, are mentioned as playing significant roles in the original organization of this lineage of training. It is important to note that the name of Haidong Gumdo is a modern device. You will not find it referenced to a martial art or system of training with this name in any history book. Though in one sense it means: Korean Swordsmanship. Korea was once thought of as the land of the East Sea and Haidong Gumdo, it is thought, derives its name from Haidong Seongguk Balhae, a name for Balhae, an ancient kingdom in the region of what is today northeastern Korea, northern China, and eastern Siberia. The characters‟ for Hai and Dong carry several meanings. The general meanings are the Sea and the East. Haidong refers to Korea and along the southern tip of Korea. It has other shades of meaning, however, which are lost in translation. Dong means east. It can also refer to the rays of sunlight at dawn. Hai means sea. It also refers to the energy of the sun. Gum refers to swords-specifically long bladed ones. Do has a wide variety of meanings but they tend to revolve around the principle of the “way of life”. Do in this context includes concepts such as areas of study, principle of behavior or paths of self–improvement, but it is not limited to these meanings. It is perhaps best to keep multiple meanings in mind and not allow the experience of the art to be shaped by just one facet. The name HDGD was designed to reflect the tradition of swordsmanship in Korea. It was also coined to bring to mind the image of the sun‟s first rays glinting from an upraised sword. The character of a people and how they train is more resistant to change and this is part of what the choice of name is trying to relate about Korean swordsmanship. As swords have evolved over the centuries so too must the methods of employing them. HDGD is striving to preserve the intangible of Korean Swordsmanship. The art employs‟ one class of weapon and a practical body of techniques to provide students with a path to self-improvement and discovery. History: HDGD is related to but different from Taehan Gumdo, which is based more on the Japanese style of sword techniques more commonly known as Kendo. Unlike Taehan Gumdo, HDGD does not use armor and does not usually have sparring. HDGD focuses instead on precision cutting, sword routines and difficult forms done in various stances and with many swords techniques. In 1789, King Jeongjo, ruler of the Yi dynasty, ordered General Yi Deok Mu to compile an official textbook on all martial art forms then present in Korea to preserve them for future generations. The result, the Mu- Ye-Do-Bo-Tong-Ji, is the only surviving classical text on the Korean arts of war. Mu-Ye-Yi-Sip-Sa-Ban, literally translated as 24 Technique Martial Art, is made up of the 24 arts of the Mu-Ye-Do-Bo-Tong-Ji. Based on the earliest known Korean martial arts treatise, the Mu-Ye-Je-Bo written in 1599, and the Mu-Ye- Do-Bo-Tong-Ji clearly shows the influence of the neighboring Japanese and Chinese armies. The text Moo Yeh Do Bok Tong Gi, "The Comprehensive Illustrated Manual of the Martial Arts." is the primary remaining document from which modern Korean martial art sword practitioners turn to search out their foundational history. And although recent translations of the Mu Yei Tobo Tongji into English provide some insight in the study of Korean martial art history, it is still difficult following the Japanese occupation of Korea (1592) to find confirming studies/texts, however, here are several (web-based) version of HDGD history with a common theme: The prevalent state of warfare in Korea gave these Korean warriors the opportunity to practice their sword techniques and find out which techniques neutralized their enemies most efficiently and effectively. One group of warriors--Samurang--who lived in the Koguryo (or Kokuryo) Kingdom nearly 2,000 years ago, became particularly skilled at swordsmanship. Their training hall was located on Mt. Baekdu (which rests on the North Korea-China border) and they were led by a master swordsman named Sul Bong, who had great spirituality. Sul Bong not only taught his students the deadliest sword techniques, but also told them to live their lives according to the ideals of Choong (loyalty), Hyo (filial piety), Ye (propriety), Eui (justice), Shin (trust), Ji (knowledge), Duk (generosity) and Che (sound body). The Samurang spread the vision of living each day with righteousness and justice, and under the command of General Uel Ji Moon Duk, fended off 2 million soldiers during the invasion of the Sui Dynasty. They also defeated 600,000 Tang soldiers at the Ahn Shi battle under the command of General Yang Man Choon. Through the centuries, the sword techniques that the Samurang perfected were passed down from warrior to warrior until, in the 1970's, they reached a spiritual wanderer named Jang Baek-San. Jan Baek-San, living on Kwanak Mountain, found an eager and talented student in Grandmaster Jeong-Ho Kim. He taught Grandmaster Jeong-Ho Kim Haidong Gumdo. Grandmaster Jeong-Ho Kim is the President of The World Haidong Gumdo Federation, in Korea, an organization that is spreading the art of Haidong Gumdo all over the world. There are well over 1,000 schools in more than 30 other countries (2005). Another version: Haidong Gumdo is the art of the Samurang, who were a group of elite warriors in the kingdom of Goguryeo, originating around 300 AD. They were created by General Yu Yu and trained in martial arts, with a heavy emphasis on swordsmanship and the concepts of patriotism, filial piety and respecting the elderly. In the centuries to come, they grew to become an enormously powerful military force, and also served as military advisors when Goguryeo was at its peak. Their era ended around 670 AD, when political changes stripped them of governmental support. Some of them are said to have withdrawn to further their studies at a dojang in the vicinity of the Sam Ji Lake in the Baekdu Mountains, where a master named Sul Bong continued to educate them in the martial arts. Samurang was a title given only to the best of his pupils and the World Haidong Gumdo Federation thus uses the title in its grading system.