The Architecture of Sir Ernest George and His Partners, C. 1860-1922 Volume II Hilary Joyce Grainger Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Ph. D. The University of Leeds Department of Fine Art January 1985 TABLE OF CONTENTS Notes to Chapters 1- 10 432 Bibliography 487 Catalogue of Executed Works 513 432 Notes to the Text Preface 1 Joseph William Gleeson-White, 'Revival of English Domestic Architecture III: The Work of Mr Ernest George', The Studio, 1896 pp. 147-58; 'The Revival of English Domestic Architecture IV: The Work of Mr Ernest George', The Studio, 1896 pp. 27-33 and 'The Revival of English Domestic Architecture V: The Work of Messrs George and Peto', The Studio, 1896 pp. 204-15. 2 Immediately after the dissolution of partnership with Harold Peto on 31 October 1892, George entered partnership with Alfred Yeates, and so at the time of Gleeson-White's articles, the partnership was only four years old. 3 Gleeson-White, 'The Revival of English Architecture III', op. cit., p. 147. 4 Ibid. 5 Sir ReginaldýBlomfield, Richard Norman Shaw, RA, Architect, 1831-1912: A Study (London, 1940). 6 Andrew Saint, Richard Norman Shaw (London, 1976). 7 Harold Faulkner, 'The Creator of 'Modern Queen Anne': The Architecture of Norman Shaw', Country Life, 15 March 1941 pp. 232-35, p. 232. 8 Saint, op. cit., p. 274. 9 Hermann Muthesius, Das Englische Haus (Berlin 1904-05), 3 vols. 10 Hermann Muthesius, Die Englische Bankunst Der Gerenwart (Leipzig. 1900). 11 Hermann Muthesius, The English House, edited by Dennis Sharp, translated by Janet Seligman London, 1979) p. 34. 12 Saint, op. cit., p. vi. Chapter 1 1 Sir Ernest George, 'An Architect's Reminiscences', The Builder, 13 May 1921 pp. 622-23, p. 622. 2 George's sister., Mary Elizabeth ( b. 1842) and twin brother and sister Arthur Wilbraham and Gertrude Margaretta, were born subsequently. His grandmother, Sarah George (b. 1788) and aunts Elizabeth George (b 1806) and Mary George (b. 1811) and his uncle William George (b. 1811), a clerk, lived at 5 Portland Place. Since none was born in the county of Middlesex, it is likely that the family had all moved from Kent, and lived in the area for some years previously. 3 Sir Ernest George, 'Reminiscences', op. cit. p. 622. 4 Created a London Borough in 1899. 5 Probably John William George. 6 Sir Ernest George, 'Reminiscences', op. cit., p. 622. 7 Ibid. 8 Ibid. 9 Ibid., p. 623. 10 Ibid., p. 622. 433 11 Listed in the Post Office Directory of 1881, as John George & Sons, Wholesale and Export Ironmongers and Agents for the Sale of patent wrought iron nails and Iron Merchants, 60 Cannon Street, London EC. They are listed in 1886 at 18 Gt Alie Street, Goodmans Fields, London E and Tenter Street North, London E. 12 Sir Ernest George, 'Reminiscences', op. cit., p. 622. 13 Post Office Directory 1857-58. 14 Sir Ernest George, 'Reminiscences', op. cit., p. 622. 15 Won by Alfred Waterhouse (1830-1905). 16 Building News, 20 May 1859 p. 466. 17 Ibid. 18 Ibid. 19 The Builder, 2 June 1860 p. 344. 20 Ibid., pp. 344-45 21 Building: News, 13 April 1860 p. 233. 22 Ibid. 23 Ibid. 24 Hewitt's career remains tantilisingly obscure. By 1868 he had moved to 101 Gt Russell Street, London SE, where he appears to have remained, executing minor commissions. He made alterations and additions to Downes Bury, Steels Road, Haverstock Hill in 1874, executed repairs to eight houses in Bridge Road, Battersea, and was responsible for the partial rebuilding of 7 New Crompton Street, Soho, London in 1875, after which he slips from view, probably retiring on account of ill-health. 25 Boulnois, together with Sydney Smirke (1798-1877), and James Pennethorne (1801-71), proposed George for Associate Membership of the RIBA in November 1891, he was elected the following month. 26 Ernest George, 'Address to Students', delivered at the General Meeting of the RIBA Monday 1 February 1909, Journal of the Royal Institute of British Architects, 6 February 1909 pp. 226-30, p. 228.27 Sir Frnest George, 'Reminiscences', op. cit., p. 622. 28 Building News, 25 March 1859 p. 280 and p. 283 (desc. ), p. 291 (ill). 29 Ibid., p. 283. 30 Building News, 8 April 1859 p. 332. 31 Building News, 18 March 1859 p. 256. 32 Building News, 20 April 1860 p. 307 & 11 May 1860 p. 370. 33 Building News, 11 May 1860 p. 370. 34 Building News, 10 May 1861 p. 394. 35 Sir Ernest George, 'Reminiscences', op. cit., p. 622. 36 Ibid. 37 Building News, 12 March 1875 p. 308. 38 Ibid. 39 Sir Ernest George, 'Reminiscences', op. cit,, pp. 622-23. 40 Ibid., p. 622. 41 Building News, 18 April 1862 p. 265. 42 Building News, 25 April 1862 p. 285. 43 Building News, 1 May 1863 p. 330. 44 Manor Park Terrace appears on maps of 1867 opposite Thrale Hall. 45 An indenture survives, dated 25 December 1899 (Hinet Library, Lambeth, London SW4)., between Richard Henry Fry, Grecian Villa, Beulah Hill, Lower Norwood, and Ernest George of Redroofs, Streatham Common. The deed involves Fry. who then 434 owned the leasehold interest in nos 1&2 Grecian Villas (formerly cottages) Crown Hill (now Crown Dale), Norwood. Surrendering his leasehold interest to Ernest George, who was the Freeholder. Fry therefore gave up his interest in the property. George must have therefore retained the freehold of this property after moving to Redroofs. Ernest's father, John George's will (PRO 1886 F-G p. 301), refers to his leasehold premises, 7 Grecian Cottages, Beulah Hill, Norwood, which he left to Ernest George's aunts, Elizabeth and Mary George. 46 It was not long before the fields in and around Streatham were being viewed as potential development land to house a growing population which had, in 1841, risen to just 6,000. By 1871 this number had doubled, and within ten years had reached over 20,000. 47 The Builder, 21 January 1865 p. 55. 48 The Builder, 18 February 1865 p. 126. 49 Building News, 19 May 1865 p. 350. 50 All Saints' Church, Wribbenhall Centenary 1879-1979, Booklet (1979). 51 Andrew Saint, Richard Norman Shaw (London, 1976), p. 441. 52 J. T. Christopher designed premises and a factory for Henry Heath, of Messrs Heath's, the Hatters, in Oxford Street, London in 1887. See The Builder, 20 August 1887 p. 282 (desc. & ill). ' The contractors were Peto Brothers. Harold Peto's obituary on The Western Gazette, 21 April 1933., cites the work, 'Another well-known building for which he was responsible is Henry Heath's shop and factory in Oxford Street, with its immense Dutch gable in terra cotta, surmounted by a beaver'. It is likely that Peto designed, or advised on the interiors. 53 The Builder, 12 May 1866 p. 340. 54 Building News, 19 June 1868 p. 410. 55 The tower basement forms the present clergy vestry. 56 Metropolitan Board of Works Minutes of Proceedings, 22 May 1868 p. 724; Metropolitan Board of Works II p. 346 (street layo}it papers), see Catalogue entry 5. 57 Metropolitan Board of Works Minutes of Proceedings, 10 December 1868 p. 1325, see Catalogue entry 5. 58 Metropolitan Board of Works Minutes of Proceedings, 12 June 1868 p. 784. 59 Building News, 26 June 1868 p. 427. 60 Metropolitan Board of Works Minutes of Proceedings, 27 September 1872 p. 325. 61 Building News, 27 May 1870 p. 387; The Building News, 19 September 1873 p. 310 (desc) p. 321 (ill. & plan); Metropolitan Board of Works Minutes of Proceedings, 28 May 1869 p. 647. 62 Sir Ernest George, 'Reminiscences', op. cit., p. 622. George was probably confusing the number with that of the Maddox Street office address. The address was 11 Argyll Street, London Wi. 63 The Builder, 8 May 1869 p. 373. 64 Saint, op. cit., p. 185. 65 This can be established from letterheadings, 11 Argyll Street, dated 3 November 1883 and 18 Maddox Street, dated 7 January 1884. Letters in the possession of Lady Matheson, see Chapter 9. 435 66 Sir. Reminiscences', -Ernest-George, op. cit,, p. 622. 67 'Building News, 12 March 1875 p. 308, 68 Horace Hammick, The'Duke of Wellington's Spanish Estate, (London, 1885) illustrates the design, which is reproduced in J. N. P. Watson, 'In Honour of Salamanca, The Duke of Wellington's Andalusian Estate I', Country Life, 4 September 1980 pp. 779-82, p. 780. 69 In the possession of Mrs Diana Dent, and reproduced in 'Near J. N. P. Watson, Some : Run Things', The Duke of Wellington's Andalusian Estate II, 'Country'Lif e, 11 September 1980 pp. 886-88 p. 886. 70 Charles L. Eastlake, A'History of the Gothic Revival, edited with an introduction by J. 'Mordaunt Crook (New York, 1970), p. 307. 71 John Physick and Michael Darby, Marble Halls, V&A Exhibition Catalogue--(London, 1973), pp. 106-07. 72 'The Builder, 29 June 1872 p. 499. 73 Ibid. -- 74 ' Building News, 19 July 1872 p. 46. 75 ' The Builder, 29 June 1872 p. 498. 76 Ibid. 77 Ibid. 78 Ibid. 79 It is-possible that George had travelled to the Low Countries, but there is no documentation to support this. 80 Ernest George, Sketches, German and Swiss (London, 1870). 81 Lady Ashburton was the main benefactress. See Chapter 4 and Catalogue entry 63. 82 Rate books show that Vaughan was in residence from April 1867 and was almost certainly the first occupier of the house, owned by Edward Griffin. From April 1868 to 1872 Vaughan is listed as owner and occupier.