Preserving Our Places HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLANNING MANUAL FOR CHESTER COUNTY COMMUNITIES CHESTER COUNTY PLANNING COMMISSION Local Government Handbook Number 7 BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS Colin A. Hanna, Chairman Karen L. Martynick Andrew E. Dinniman Preserving Our Places HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLANNING MANUAL FOR CHESTER COUNTY COMMUNITIES CHESTER COUNTY PLANNING COMMISSION 1998 ASSISTING LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTING THE HISTORIC PRESERVATION POLICIES OF LANDSCAPES, COMPREHENSIVE PLAN POLICY ELEMENT Local Government Handbook Number 7 Contents PREFACE . .i CHAPTER 1 PROTECTING HISTORIC RESOURCES . .1 A Brief History of Historic Preservation . .5 Early Historic Preservation Efforts . .5 Early Historic Districts . .6 Landmark Historic Preservation Decisions . .7 CHAPTER 2 HISTORIC PRESERVATION AT THE FEDERAL LEVEL . .9 National Historic Preservation Act . .12 National Register of Historic Places . .12 National Register Nominations . .14 Advisory Council on Historic Preservation . .19 Section 106 Review Process . .20 Secretary of Interior’s Standards . .22 Historic Preservation Tax Credits . .24 National Trust for Historic Preservation . .26 Certified Local Government Program . .27 Other Federal Legislation . .28 CHAPTER 3 HISTORIC PRESERVATION AT THE STATE LEVEL . .31 Title 37: The Pennsylvania History Code . .34 Pa. Historical and Museum Commission . .34 Pa. Historic Preservation Enabling Legislation . .36 Act 167: Historic District Act . .36 Local Historic District Ordinances . .38 Act 247: Pa Municipalities Planning Code . .41 Alternative Zoning Techniques . .43 Transferable Development Rights . .44 Growth Boundaries . .44 Open Space Development . .45 Agricultural Security Areas . .46 Pennsylvania Heritage Parks Program . .47 Other State Legislation Affecting Historic Preservation . .47 Act 120: Administrative Code of PennDOT . .47 Act 537: Pennsylvania Sewage Facilities Act . .48 Act 319: Pennsylvania Farmland and Forest Land Assessment Act . .49 Act 515: Preservation of Land Use Law . .49 CHAPTER 4 HISTORIC PRESERVATION AT THE LOCAL LEVEL . .51 Historic Preservation Planning . .54 Goal Identification . .55 Evaluation of Historic Resources . .55 Preservation Efforts and Activities to Date . .55 Legal Foundation . .55 Public and Private Sector Involvement . .55 Preservation Resources . .56 Citizen Participation and Community Education . .56 Identification of Strategies . .56 Historic Resources Survey . .57 Historical Architectural Review Boards . .58 Historical Commissions . .59 Certified Local Governments . .60 Main Street Program . .62 CHAPTER 5 PRIVATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION INITIATIVES . .65 Historic Preservation Easements . .68 Deed Restrictions and Restrictive Covenants . .70 Fee Simple Purchase . .71 CHAPTER 6 HISTORIC PRESERVATION IN CHESTER COUNTY . .73 Historic Resources in Chester County . .76 Early Settlement . .76 Agriculture . .77 Transportation . .77 Industry . .77 Towns and Villages . .78 Religious Institutions . .79 Schools . .79 Houses . .80 Historic Preservation in Chester County . .80 Comprehensive Planning . .81 Historical Commissions . .81 Certified Historic Districts . .81 Zoning Districts . .82 Private Preservation Organizations . .82 National Register Listings . .82 Chester County Historic Preservation Network . .83 Chester County Historical Society . .83 CHAPTER 7 PRESERVATION PLANNING FOR URBAN LANDSCAPES . .85 Goal Identification . .89 Evaluation of Historic Resources . .90 Preservation Efforts and Activities . .91 Legal Foundation . .91 Public and Private Sector Involvement . .93 Preservation Resources . .94 Citizen Participation and Community Education . .95 Identification of Strategies . .96 CHAPTER 8 PRESERVATION PLANNING FOR RURAL LANDSCAPES . .101 Goal Identification . ..