volume one Pages 0 to 388 1838 to 1850 Pages 0 to 73 Native Americans left Their Mark: Mounds 1 A Surprise Discovery at Man Mound 4 Ben Franklin, Northwest Ordinance, and Baraboo 8 "One More Day and we Eat the Dog" 12 The First Christian Service in the Valley 14 Circuit Riders Once Brought Christianity to the Valley 16 They Don't Make Men like This Anymore 18 Frontier Justice among Men and Boys 20 How Settler's Invoked Frontier Justice 22 The Prescott Brigham County Building? 25 Augostin Haraszthy, the Ubiquitous Count 28 Claim Jumper Cheats Widow Peck 30 Claimant's Association Fights Injustice in 1847 32 Claimants Strike, Supreme Court Strikes Back 34 Roseline's Descendants are Numerous 36 Old Picture show Early Merrimack Ferries 38 The Great Indian Scare of 1844 41 A Copycat and a Farce in Sauk-Prairie 44 Steamboats and a Murder in Sauk City 47 Ferries and Toll Bridges in Pioneer Times 51 Baraboo' s First School was Pretty Drafty 54 Baraboo' s First School, and a Teacher in Love 56 The Female Seminary "Lost on the Baraboo" Baraboo gets a Schoolteacher in 1850 59 The New Schoolteacher Dances, gets Married 61 What's in a Name in Sauk County? Quite a Bit 63 Reedsburg's Unusual Baby Contest 66 No Dogs or Booze Allowed in This Parade! 69 So When Was Baraboo's Centennial? 71 1 THE NATIVE AMERICANS LEFT THEIR MARK--MOUNDS Yesteryear Revisited By Bob Dewel After our record snow Canfield melts (and we hope and trust Canfield was the local it will), look closely around surveyor as well as historian, your yard. Are there any and was pictured in a previous unusual humps or rises? If article. He lived in Baraboo so, you may be sharing your and Sauk County during most lot with a thousand-year old of its first 50 years, and Indian Mound! Check today's carefully recorded his map and descriptions for the observations of the growing locations. colony along the banks of The 1872 Map the Baraboo River. His Last week s article on histories are a treasure for bypass highways featured an those who followed 1872 map of the village of him--Butterfield, Cole, Baraboo, drawn originally Derleth, Goe, Lange, etc. by historian Canfield. Not all counties have had Actually, it was only a portion such diligent and prolific of a larger map, and today's recorders of man and his map is a continuation of the work on earth. map shown last week. Canfield was a close The left hand edge of today's and accurate observer of his map is the same as the right surroundings, including an edge of last week's map. intense interest in the Native Therefore this map represents Americans who came before that part of Baraboo east us. Part of the result is of Elizabeth street, between what you see on the map--his Water Street and Eighth Street. drawings of Indian Mounds. It was virtually uninhabited Mounds countryside in 1872, but the Mounds come in an endless area now contains hundreds variety of sizes and shapes, of homes and a thousand or it seems, and appear to reflect so citizens. the ancient Native American's The reason that this close association with birds is of interest is that the and animals, actual or 1872 map shows a large number imagined. Some mounds of Indian Mounds, carefully represent serpents, bear, drawn in by Canfield. The deer, and sometimes totally mounds occupy the area North unidentifiable shapes. of the Circus World Museum Note that the map shows (CWM) grounds and parking an Indian Council House lot on Water Street, and extend directly across Water Street as far north as Sixth Street. from the present CWM parking Eighth Street is shown as lot. rt was in this very area a country road, while Water that Eben and Roseline Peck Street and the Baraboo River crossed the Baraboo river are at the bottom edge of on horseback and tried to the map. In the upper right establish a claim in 1838. corner, well out of town in They were driven back across 1872, is the Sauk County the river by the Indians, Fairgrounds. but returned the following year to establish a claim 2 Str.eet . .. ', Sauk County Fairgrounds •. .. :. ... ' . ... ,' Contributed A large number of Indian Mounds were carefully drawn on an area north of Water Street near the Circus World Museum and 1872 map by a historian named Canfield. They occupy an extend as far north as Sixth Street. without incident. Abe Wood An area north of the and Wallace Rowan built their Council Grounds is marked dam about a mile upstream "Indian cornfield", apparently in the Ochsner Park area that at the junction of Second year also. Thus the Pecks, Street and Washington. A Woods, and Rowans were the Freestone Quarry is shown first settlers in the area near the crest of College known as Baraboo Rapids. Avenue . j r- .- -- .. Street river, and also on an area about where Flambeau is located today. There is ' also an Indian Cornfield plotted in the vicinity 0£ Twelfth Avenue and Crawford Street. Haskins Park once contained a mound. There is also a cluster of mounds in the lowlands by the Water Works, near the junction of Hill Street and Lake Street Well preserved and readily visible are Indian mounds at Devil's Lake State Park, Also on the map is a though one of the hotels once plotted area called Litchfield, occupied the end of one mound. this being a developer's effort Mounds once existed between to either add to or rival Baraboo and Devils Lake, indeed the growing village. His plot all over the county. But effectively blocked eastern the most famous Indian Mound extension of Third and Fourth is yet to be discussed in Streets, a problem that exists the next article, and it lies all over Baraboo. The only near to Baraboo. real through street is Eighth Meantime, next time you Street, though Second Street mow your yard (surely the has the potential to be a snow will melt someday), that East-west artery. Too many slight rise in the terrain developers have been allowed might represent the toil of to have streets vacated, a Native American as long blocking efficient movement as a thousand years ago. This throughout the city. was his way to try and Not on the map understand his world. We build Shown on othe r parts churches and mosques and of the original map, but not synagogues, still seeking included here, are Indian enlightenment. 4 A SURPRISE DISCOVERY AT MAN MOUND Yesteryear Revisited By Bob Dewel In a recent i tern in the only about 100 survive. It Wisconsin State Journal, is said that buckets made we learned that a planned of skins were filled by hand, road construction in Ozaukee scraping up the soil with County has been halted. clam shells or sticks or The reason: it is believed antlers and carrying it to that a rare dragon fly has the site. breeding grounds in the area As early as July, 1859 about to be graded, so work Canfield surveyed Man Mound has been halted, at least and a similar mound at Lavalle, temporarily. (NW 1/4 of NW 1/2 of Section 36, T How times have changed! 1 3N), the only ones known Sometime in the Nineteenth to be in Wisconsin. There Century, Sauk County road the arms are outstretched, crews thought nothing of and the horns more vertical. grading away the lower legs The arms and legs seem of Sauk County's most famous unusually full also. Indian mound of all, the Man Canfield's investigation Mound of Greenfield township, included accurate measurements some three miles east of of the Baraboo area effigy, Baraboo. This Naderizing (to which still had its legs and use a very modern term) cut feet at the time. It. was the effigy off at the knees, discovered to be 21 4 feet the straight highway grid long, the head 80 feet long, being deemed more important and the legs only slightly in those horse and buggy days. longer. The figure is Their amputation was apparently depicted as walking not quite complete, however! westward. Projecting from More on that later. the head are two hornlike Wm. H. Canfield appendages. It was Baraboo's The body itself is greatly indefatigable historian, elongated, the arms and legs surveyor, and qntiquarian, being short in proportion Wm. H. Canfield, who first to the torso. Canfield's drew attention to Sauk County's drawings and measurements bountiful supply of Indian are prized possessions of mounds. Those in Baraboo were the Sauk County Historical illustrated recently in an Society, and were donated article published on January by Canfield himself. 8. Most of the mounds are In a July 30, 1976 article shaped like fanciful birds in the News Republic, Ruth or animals, and are believed Burmeister stated that Canfield to have been constructed 800 traveled 11 in a cart pulled to 1 000 years ago by unknown by his faithful horse, Pedro. 11 effigy mound builders, probably He made over 4000 farm and for religious purposes. land surveys, traveling over Historian Lange says 20,000 miles. there were well over 1000 Canfield's method of mounds in Sauk County, though surveying of the man mound was to run a straight line 5 over the middle of the figure lengthwise . At intervals of ten feet measurements were made to the sides of the body at right angles to its length . As can thus be seen in the drawing, at the end of the right arm it is ten feet to the edge of the body , and the arm at that point has six feet of width .