An Exploration of the Role of Social Media Platforms in the Employee Recruitment Process

An Exploration of the Role of Social Media Platforms in the Employee Recruitment Process

An Exploration of the Role of Social Media Platforms in the Employee Recruitment Process Nadine Munro PhD Thesis 2018 i Contents Contents .............................................................................................................................ii List of Figures .................................................................................................................... vi List of Tables .................................................................................................................... vii Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................. viii Abstract................................................................................................................................. ix Chapter 1 – Introduction ........................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Research Aim and Objectives and Research Questions ......................................... 4 1.3 The Significance of the Study ................................................................................. 6 1.4 Summary of Literature Themes ............................................................................... 9 1.5 Overview of the Methodology ................................................................................ 17 1.6 Considerations for the Methodological Approach .................................................. 19 1.7 Chapter Conclusion .............................................................................................. 22 Chapter 2 – Review of the Literature ................................................................................... 23 2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 23 2.2 Structure and Scope of the Chapter ........................................................................... 25 2.3 Recruitment ............................................................................................................... 27 2.3.1 Conceptual Framework Jeske and Holland’s (2017) ............................................ 27 2.3.2 Human Resource Management ............................................................................... 29 2.3.3 Research in Recruitment ........................................................................................... 32 2.3.4 Defining Recruitment and Selection ........................................................................ 35 2.3.5 Social Media in Human Resource Management ................................................... 40 2.3.6 Social Media in Recruitment and Competitive Advantage in Recruitment ........ 43 2.3.7 e-Recruitment ............................................................................................................. 45 2.3.8 Talent Management ................................................................................................... 47 2.3.9 Candidate Attraction and Recruitment Message ................................................... 49 2.3.10 Recruitment and Social Media ................................................................................. 55 2.3.11 Employer Branding ..................................................................................................... 61 2.3.11 The use of AI and Algorithms in the Recruitment Process................................... 64 2.3.12 Section Conclusion ..................................................................................................... 66 2.4 Social Media ......................................................................................................... 67 2.4.1 Introduction to Social Media ..................................................................................... 67 ii 2.4.2 Defining Social Media ............................................................................................... 68 2.4.3 Social Media Platforms .............................................................................................. 70 2.4.4 Social Media as a Business Tool and within the Workplace ............................... 73 2.4.5 Social Media Marketing and Employer Brand .............................................................. 78 2.4.6 Legalities and the Use of Social Media in the Workplace .......................................... 80 2.4.7 Section Conclusion .......................................................................................................... 89 2.5 Technology and the Panoptic Gaze ........................................................................... 89 2.5.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 89 2.5.2 Exploring Bentham’s Pantopticon .................................................................................. 91 2.5.3 Foucault – Discipline and Punishment .......................................................................... 92 2.5.4 Post-Panoptic Theories ................................................................................................... 93 2.5.5 Haggarty and Ericson’s Assemblage – Beyond the Panoptic Structure .................. 94 2.5.6 Section Conclusion Contemporary Conceptualisation of Surveillance .................... 96 2.6 Conclusion ................................................................................................................. 96 Chapter 3 - Research Methodology ..................................................................................... 98 3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 98 3.2 Justification for the use of Inductive and Qualitative Methods. ................................... 99 3.3 Research Philosophies and Research Methods....................................................... 102 3.4 Research Design ..................................................................................................... 107 3.4.1 The Principles of the Case Study Approach .............................................................. 107 3.4.2 Exploratory Case Studies.............................................................................................. 115 3.4.3 Selection of Organisations and Individuals ................................................................ 118 3.4.4 Data Collection ............................................................................................................... 120 3.4.5 Data Analysis .................................................................................................................. 126 3.4.6 Unit of Analysis ............................................................................................................... 130 3.4.7 Issues with the Unit of Analysis .................................................................................... 132 3.4.8 Sample Selection ............................................................................................................ 133 3.4.9 Background to the Study Participants ......................................................................... 135 3.4.10 Firm – Organisational Level Logic Model ................................................................. 162 3.4.11 Triangulation Analysis ................................................................................................. 164 3.5 Conclusion ............................................................................................................... 164 Chapter 4 – Social Media Presence in Practice (Real or Imagined) .................................. 166 4.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 166 4.1.2 The Key Themes ............................................................................................................ 168 4.1 Summary of Key Themes ................................................................................................. 168 iii 4.2 Nature and Extent of Social Media Use ................................................................... 171 4.2.1 Social Media is Used for Making and Developing Connections. ............................ 174 4.2.2 Social Media Use for Collaboration Activities and Collaborative Behaviour ......... 177 4.2.3 Adoption of a Strategic Approach ................................................................................ 179 4.2.4 Social Media use as an Applicant Attraction Tool ..................................................... 186 4.2.5 Social Media Enhances Employer Brand ................................................................... 190 4.2.6 Social Media Use Depends on the Culture of the Organisation. ............................ 193 4.2.7 Changes to the Recruitment Process ......................................................................... 197 4.3 Actors and Platforms ............................................................................................... 201 4.3.1 LinkedIn ........................................................................................................................... 204 4.3.2 Facebook and Twitter .................................................................................................... 208 4.3.3 Yammer ..........................................................................................................................

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