Draft Environmental and Social Management Framework Nairobi Metropolitan Services Improvement Project Implementer: Ministry of Nairobi Metropolitan Development (Nairobi Metropolitan Services Improvement Project (NaMSIP) Activity: Technical assistance for the Preparation of an Environmental and Social Public Disclosure Authorized Management Framework for Infrastructure Investments Report Title: Draft Environmental and Social Management Framework for Nairobi Metropolitan Services Improvement Project. Name and Address of Expert: Mr. Harrison W. Ngirigacha ( MSc. WERM, BSc. Chem. NEMA Reg .) Public Disclosure Authorized Aquaclean Services Limited Lead EIA Expert (NEMA Reg. No. 027) P. O. Box 1902 – 00100, Nairobi, Kenya Tel. 0722 809 026, 0733 139 786 Email: [email protected] , [email protected] ; Public Disclosure Authorized Implementing Organization: Ministry of Nairobi Metropolitan Development, P. O. Box 30130 – 00100 Nairobi, Kenya Tel. 020 317246/317235. Public Disclosure Authorized Ministry of Nairobi Metropolitan Development Page 1 of 115 Consultant: Harrison W. Ngirigacha Aquaclean Services Limited Draft Environmental and Social Management Framework Nairobi Metropolitan Services Improvement Project NAIROBI METROPOLITAN DEVELOPMENT REGION Ministry of Nairobi Metropolitan Development Page 2 of 115 Consultant: Harrison W. Ngirigacha Aquaclean Services Limited Draft Environmental and Social Management Framework Nairobi Metropolitan Services Improvement Project Table of Contents ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................................................................. 78 GLOSSARY OF TERMINOLOGIES ....................................................................................................................... 89 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................................... 10 11 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 19 20 1.1 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................................................... 19 20 1.2 THE ASSIGNMENT ......................................................................................................................................... 19 20 1.3 ESMF P URPOSE .......................................................................................................................................... 20 21 1.4 ASSIGNMENT OBJECTIVES ............................................................................................................................ 20 21 1.5 SCOPE ........................................................................................................................................................... 21 22 1.6 APPROACH .................................................................................................................................................... 22 23 1.6.1 Basic Tasks ........................................................................................................................................ 22 23 1.6.2 Desk Studies ...................................................................................................................................... 23 24 1.6.3 Field Visits ........................................................................................................................................... 23 24 1.7 OUTPUTS ....................................................................................................................................................... 23 24 1.7.1 The Overall Output ............................................................................................................................ 23 24 1.7.2 Specific Outputs .................................................................................................................................24 25 CHAPTER 2: THE PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................. 25 26 2.1 THE NAIROBI METROPOLITAN AREA ............................................................................................................ 25 26 2.2 NAIROBI METROPOLITAN ZONES .................................................................................................................. 26 27 2.2.1 Northern Zone .................................................................................................................................... 26 27 2.2.2 Southern Zone .................................................................................................................................... 27 28 2.2.3 Eastern Zone ...................................................................................................................................... 28 29 2.2.4 Central Zone ....................................................................................................................................... 28 29 2.3 THE METROPOLITAN SOCIAL OUTLOOK ....................................................................................................... 28 29 2.3.1 Urban Setting ..................................................................................................................................... 29 30 2.3.2 Transitional Setting ............................................................................................................................ 29 30 2.3.3 Rural Setting ....................................................................................................................................... 29 30 2.4 THE NAIROBI METROPOLITAN SERVICES IMPROVEMENT PROJECT (N AMSIP) .......................................... 30 31 2.5 PROJECT COMPONENTS ............................................................................................................................... 30 31 2.5.1 Component 1 (Institutional Reform and Planning) ........................................................................ 31 32 2.5.2 Component 2 (Critical Local Government Infrastructure and Services) .................................... 31 32 2.5.3 Component 3 (Critical Metro Infrastructure and Services) .......................................................... 31 32 2.5.4 Component 4 (Project Management, Monitoring and Evaluation) ............................................. 32 33 2.6 SUB -PROJECTS ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................................ 32 33 CHAPTER 3: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE CONDITIONS ........................................... 35 36 3.1 OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................................................................... 35 36 3.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ............................................................................................................................ 35 36 3.2.1 Topography ......................................................................................................................................... 35 36 3.2.2 Drainage and Hydrology ................................................................................................................... 35 36 Ministry of Nairobi Metropolitan Development Page 3 of 115 Consultant: Harrison W. Ngirigacha Aquaclean Services Limited Draft Environmental and Social Management Framework Nairobi Metropolitan Services Improvement Project 3.2.3 Water Resources ............................................................................................................................... 36 37 3.2.4 Water Supply ...................................................................................................................................... 38 39 3.2.5 Air Quality ........................................................................................................................................... 39 40 3.2.6 Geology and Soils .............................................................................................................................. 40 41 3.2.7 Climatic Conditions ............................................................................................................................ 41 42 3.2.8 Biodiversity ......................................................................................................................................... 42 43 3.3 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC SETTING ................................................................................................................. 43 44 3.3.1 Location ............................................................................................................................................... 43 44 3.3.2 Population Distribution and Settlement Patterns .......................................................................... 44 45 3.3.3 Land Tenure and Land Use ............................................................................................................. 44 45 3.3.4 Encroachments Status ...................................................................................................................... 45 46 3.3.5 Land Use ............................................................................................................................................. 45 46 3.3.6 Income and Poverty Levels .............................................................................................................