Resettlement and Indigenous Peoples Plan January 2014 IND: SASEC Road Connectivity Investment Program Changrabandha - Mainaguri - Dhupguri - Birpara - Hasimara – Jaigaon Section of Asian Highway 48 Prepared by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India for the Asian Development Bank. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 13 December 2013) Currency unit – Indian rupee (Rs) INR1.00 = $ 0.016075 $1.00 = INR 62.209 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank AH – Asian Highway BL&LRO – Block Land and Land Reforms Officer BPL – Below Poverty Line CoI – Corridor of Impact DH – Displaced Household DM – District Magistrate / District Collector DP – Displaced Person EA – Executing Agency FGD – Focus Group Discussion GRC – Grievance Redress Committee GRM – Grievance Redress Mechanism GoWB – Government of West Bengal LA Act – Land Acquisition Act, 1894 L&LRO – Land and Land Reforms Officer The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land LARR – Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 MoRTH – Ministry of Road Transport and Highways NH – National Highway NH Act – National Highways Act, 1956 NGO – Non Governmental Organization NRRP – National Rehabilitation and Resettlement Policy, 2007 PIU – Project Implementation Unit PMU – Project Management Unit PW(R)D – Public Works (Roads) Department RF – Resettlement Framework RO – Resettlement Officer RP – Resettlement Plan R&R – Resettlement and Rehabilitation RoB – Road over Bridge RoW – Right of Way SASEC – South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation SH – State Highway SPS – Safeguard Policy Statement ST – Scheduled Tribe ST-DHs – Scheduled Tribe Displaced Households WBEA Act – West Bengal Estates Acquisition Act, 1953 WHH – Women Headed Household WEIGHTS AND MEASURES 1 hectare = 2.47 acre 1 kattha = 720 sq.ft 20 kattha = 1 bigha 1 bigha = 0.3306 acre = 1338 sq.m NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars This resettlement framework is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................... I I. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................. 1 A. Background ................................................................................................................... 1 B. Subproject ..................................................................................................................... 1 C. Profile of Subproject Area ............................................................................................. 2 D. Subproject Impacts ....................................................................................................... 3 E. Minimising Involuntary Resettlement ............................................................................. 4 F. Scope and Objective of Resettlement Plan .................................................................... 4 II. SCOPE OF LAND ACQUISITION AND RESETTLEMENT ............................................... 5 A. Introduction ................................................................................................................... 5 B. Scope of Land Acquisition ............................................................................................. 5 C. Impact to Structures ...................................................................................................... 8 D. Loss of Private Structures ............................................................................................. 9 E. Magnitude of Impact on Structures ................................................................................ 9 F. Loss of Livelihood ........................................................................................................ 10 G. Loss of Trees .............................................................................................................. 11 H. Loss of Community Assets .......................................................................................... 11 III. SOCIOECONOMIC INFORMATION AND PROFILE ...................................................... 12 A. Census Survey ............................................................................................................ 12 B. Methodology Adopted ................................................................................................. 12 C. Demographic Profile of Project Displaced Households................................................ 13 D. Socio-economic Profile ............................................................................................... 15 E. Health Seeking Behaviour ........................................................................................... 19 F. Role of Women ........................................................................................................... 20 G. Key Socio-economic Indicators ................................................................................... 21 H. Perceived Benefits / Negative Impacts ........................................................................ 21 I. Resettlement Preferences ............................................................................................ 22 IV. IMPACT TO SCHEDULED TRIBE HOUSEHOLDS ....................................................... 24 A. Background ................................................................................................................. 24 B. Scheduled Tribe DHs (ST-DHs) .................................................................................. 24 C. Loss of Private Structures of ST-DHs .......................................................................... 26 D. Resettlement Preferences of ST-DHs ......................................................................... 27 E. Consultations with ST-DHs ......................................................................................... 27 F. Impact to ST-DHs and Mitigation Measures ................................................................ 28 V. CONSULTATION, PARTICIPATION AND DISCLOSURE .............................................. 30 A. Stakeholders ............................................................................................................... 30 B. Consultation in the Project .......................................................................................... 30 D. Findings of Focused Group Discussions ..................................................................... 30 E. Summary of Consultations .......................................................................................... 32 F. Plan for further Consultation in the Project .................................................................. 34 G. Information Disclosure ................................................................................................ 35 VI. POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK ............................................................................ 37 A. Background ................................................................................................................. 37 B. National Highways Act, 1956 (Act 48 of 1956) ............................................................ 37 C. National Rehabilitation and Resettlement Policy (Ministry of Rural Development), 200738 D. The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (Act 30 of 2013) ......................................................................... 38 E. Legal and Policy Framework of West Bengal State ..................................................... 39 F. ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS), 2009 ......................................................... 40 G. Comparison of Government and ADB Policies ............................................................ 40 H. Involuntary Resettlement Safeguard Principles for the Project .................................... 40 I. Valuation of Assets ....................................................................................................... 42 J. Procedure for Land Acquisition under the Project ........................................................ 43 K. Procedure for alienation of Tea Garden Land .............................................................. 44 VII. ENTITLEMENTS, ASSISTANCE AND BENEFITS ....................................................... 45 A. Introduction ................................................................................................................. 45 B. Cut-off Date for Entitlements ....................................................................................... 45 C. Project Entitlement ...................................................................................................... 46 D. Entitlement Matrix ....................................................................................................... 47 VIII. RELOCATION OF HOUSING AND SETTLEMENTS ..................................................