Journal of World Englishes and Educational Practices (JWEEP) ISSN: 2707-7586 Website: www.jweep.org Original Research Article Level of Motivation and Teaching Effectiveness Ronilo G. Berondo Instructor I, Program Head for Professional Subjects, and Director, Planning College of Teacher Education, Guimaras State College, Salvador Campus, McLain Buenavista Guimaras Philippines Corresponding Author: Ronilo G. Berondo, E-mail: [email protected] ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History This study entitled “Level of Motivation and Teaching Effectiveness of Public Received: May 21, 2020 Elementary School Teachers was conducted in the Second District of Capiz, with Accepted: June 29, 2020 12 schools district, namely; Cuartero, Ivisan, Dumarao, Dao, Sigma, Jamindan, Volume: 2 Dumalag, Mambusao East, Mambusao West, Tapaz East, Tapaz West, Sapian Issue: 2 from August to November 2010 to answer the following questions: 1. What is the level of motivation of teachers in the second district of Capiz? 2. What is the KEYWORDS level of teaching effectiveness of teachers in the second district of Capiz as perceived by themselves and the school heads-respondents? 3. What are the Motivation; Teaching; level of motivation and teaching effectiveness of the respondents when grouped Effectiveness according to: Age, Gender, Civil Status, Highest Educational Qualification, Length of Service as Teacher, Household Size, School District 4. Is there a significant relationship between level of motivation and teaching effectiveness of the teacher-respondents? 5. What are the variables which can best predict teaching effectiveness? 6. Is there a significant difference on the level of teaching effectiveness as perceived by the school heads as respondents? The study used the descriptive correlational research design, researcher constructed questionnaires were used to gather data from 96 public elementary school teachers and their school heads by the researcher and trained enumerators. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used and the level of significance was set at 5%. Results of the study reveal the following: The public elementary school teachers were perceived to be "highly motivated and "very highly effective" teachers. The level of motivation of public elementary school teachers is not significantly influenced by variables such as age, civil status and educational attainment but significantly affected by variables such as length of service, household size and school district where these teachers belong. The teaching effectiveness of the teachers is not significantly influenced by variables studied and was perceived differently by the teachers themselves and then immediate supervisors. Introduction 1 The 1987 Constitution mandates that the state shall establish, maintain, and support complete, adequate and integrated system of education relevant to the needs of the people and society (Sec. 2 (1) of Article XIV). In response to this the Ten-year Master Plan for Basic Education (1996-2005) which is anchored on the policy thrust of decentralization and modernization was formulated. Relevant programs and intervention were included in the plan to increase relevance and improve quality of basic education in the country. The key program included in the plan is the modernization program which will serve as a blueprint to achieve the goal of universalization of quality basic education by the beginning of the next century. Published by Al-Kindi Center for Research and Development. Copyright (c) the author(s). This is an open access article under CC BY license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) 203 Level of Motivation and Teaching Effectiveness Unfortunately, the reforms initiated failed to improve the quality of basic education in the country. The problems reported by the Congressional Commission on Education such as low performance of pupils/students in the national and international achievement tests, unmotivated teachers and administrators’ low accountability among those who are supposed to be responsible in attaining the desired outcomes, and lack of monitoring and evaluation are still the same problems the system has today, indicating no significant improvement in Philippine Education for more than 80 years - a situation of continuous reforms without change. One of the critical areas needing improvement is the motivation of teachers who must play varied roles in facilitating teaching-learning process and for these teachers to be effective, they must be provided with the right work motivation. According to Verrom (1975) the level of performance of the worker is a constantly increasing function of the motivational level. Although, it is conceded that difficulties in precise measurements make an accurate determination of the function impossible, currently available data support the formula that performance is a function of ability and motivation. There is a need therefore to determine the needs that each teacher seeks to satisfy. This knowledge is valuable in aligning the organizational rewards to the employee's needs. The expectances of employee differ; hence, it is necessary to individualize the incentives system. Furthermore, the path between effort and satisfaction must be clarified for the educator. The level of motivation of public elementary school teachers have to be established so that the needed intervention in the form of awards and incentive programs with design to increase teaching effectiveness of the same. Thus, improving quality of output, hence this study Literature Review The way a person behaves in the organization or towards his work is influenced by motivation. According to Cuizon (2009). The need-based theories of motivation help us to understand why a person pursues a certain objective based on his/her needs. Geen (1995) defines motivation as the "initiation, direction, intensity, and persistence of human behavior" Frederick Herzberg (1959) constructed a two-dimensional paradignm of factors affecting people's attitudes about work. He concluded that such factors as company policy, supervision, interpersonal relations, working conditions, and salary are hygiene factors rather than motivators. According to this theory the absence of hygiene factors can create job satisfaction, but their presence does not motivate or create satisfaction In contrast, he determined from the data that the motivators were elements that enriched a person's job. He found five factors in particular that were strong determiners of job satisfaction such as achievement, recognition, the work itself, responsibility, and advancement. These motivators were associated with long-term positive eflects in job performance while the hygiene factors (dissatisfies) consistently produced any short term changes in job attitudes and performance which quickly feel back to its previous level. The manager's main task is to develop a productive workplace, with and through those be or she iS charge of The manager should motivate his or her team. Both individiually and collectively so that a productive work place is maintained and developed and the same time employees derive satisfaction from their jobs. The main tools in the managers kitbag for motrvating the team are approval praise and recognition. Trust, respect and high expectations, loyalty given that may be received : removing organizational bariers that stand in the way of individual and group performance smooth business processes, systems, methods and resources); job enrichment: good communcations and final incentives. Herzberg et al (1959) conducted their now-famous study of industrial employees motivation to work and subscquently developed the two-factor theory, or the motivator-hygiene theory. In their study, they found that positive events are dominated by references to intrinsic aspects of the job (achievement, recognition, the work itself, responsibility advancement), while the negative events are dominated by extrinsic factors interpersonal relations with superiors and peers, technical supervision, company policy and administration, working conditions, and personal life. Based on the foregoing findings, the researchers posit that the presence of certain factors acts to increase the individuals job satisfaction, but the absence of these factors does not necessarily give rise to job dissatisfaction. Thcoretically, an individual operates from a neutral point, that is, he possesses neither positive nor negative attitudes toward his job. The gratification of certain factors, called motivators, increases his jobs satisfaction beyond 1he neutral point, but vwhen not qualified, the motivator lead only to minimal dissatisfaction. On the other hand, when hygiene factors are not gratified, niegative attitudes 204 JWEEP 2(2):203-215 are created, producing job satísfaction. The gratification of the hygiene factors leads only to minimal job satisfaction. Consequently, all motivators combined contribute more to job satisfaction than o job dissatisfaction, and all hygiene factors combined comribute more to job dissatísfaction than to job satisfaction. The survey conducted by Bellot und Tutor (1990) on the influence of hygiene Tactors on the décisions of teachers to participate in The Tennessee Career Ladder Progan (TC LP) revealed that salary of teachers had the greatest influence on the decisi of the said teachers Salary was viewed as the strongest motivating factor. As shown on the following table, all three lavels teachers said that salary was the moot important of eleven (110 Herzberg's hygiene factors