'I- ' " .' .' . J DIVERSITY AND COMPOSITION OF FISH FAUNA AT TELAGA AIR ESTUARY Faznur Fateh Bte Firdaus@Nicholas 23493 QL 615 "17 2112 Bachelor of Science with Honours (Aquatic Resource Science and Management) 2012 If- , j i< .' ... ' I Pusat Khidmat Maklumat ~kademik UNlVEP.sm MALAYSIA SARA'~AK DIVERSITY AND COMPOSITION OF FISH FAUNA AT TELAGA AIR ESTUARY F AZNUR F ATEH BTE FIRDAUS@NICHOLAS Thus project is submitted in partial fulfillment ofthe requirement for the degree of Bachelor ofScience with Honours (Aquatic Resource Science and Management) Faculty of Resource Science and Technology UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA SARAW AK 2012 , . I : • • t 'l DECLARATION I hereby declare that no portion of the work referred to in this dissertation has been submitted in support of an application for another degree or qualification to this university or any other institution of higher learning. Faznur Fateh Bte Firdaus@Nicholas Aquatic Resource Science and Management Department of Aquatic Science Faculty of Resource Science and Technology University Malaysia Sarawak -=--. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to extend by profound gratitude to my supervisor Dr. Khairul Adha A.Rahim for all the advice, guidance and moral support throughout the study. Not forgetting my co­ supervisor, Dr. Samsur Mohamad, Masyitah Ibrahim, Shareena Nazlia and Nur Hazwanie Izyan bt Mohd Nizam for all the effort during the field samplings and data collection. My special thanks also to the Telaga Air fisherman and boat man with their willingness in helping me for the field work. Not forgotten also a special remembrance to lab assistance En. Zaidi and En.Azlan for their willingness to assist me in this study. Finally, my special thanks for my family for their moral support and motivation for me to finish this project. Last but not the least to those that helped me in this project. May Allah bless all of you. , . ~ , • I Table of Contents Page Acknowledgement.......................................................................... I Table ofContents........................................................................... II-III IV - VI List ofTables and Figures ................................................................ Abstract.........................•.............................................................. 1 1.0 Introduction & Objective............................................................................... 2-3 1.1 Objectives.................................................................................... 3 2.0 Literature review ....................................................................... 4 2.1 Estuarine and mangroves ecosystem...................................... 4-5 2.2 Fish fauna ....................................................................... 5-6 2.3 Water quality ...................................................................................... .. 6-7 3.0. Materials and Method .................................................................. 8 3.1 Study sites ............................................................................................. 8 3.2 Fish sample ..................................................................... 10 3.3 Fish identification and preservation ........................................ 10 3.4 Data measurement and collection ........................................... to 3.5 BODs_............................................................................ 11 3.6 Sample analysis ................................................................ 12 4.0 Results.....•.• ~ ....••.......•.......•.•....•...•......•..................•..•........••.........••.•........ 13 4.1 Fish fauna ...................................................................... 13 4.2 Species diversity indices ..................................................................... .. 17 4.3 Physico-chemical water quality parameters ........................................ .. 18 4.3.1 pH......................................................................... 19 4.3.2 Dissolve oxygen......................................................................... .. 20 4.3.3 Temperature............................................................. 20 4.3.4 Salinity................................................................... 21 4.3.5 Turbidity...................................................................................... 21 4.3.6 Depth..................................................................... 22 4.3.7 BODs ..................................................................... 22 4.3.6 Water current. ........................................................... 23 II """'. t, ' 1 5.0 Discussion................................................................................. 25-30 6.0 Conclusion and recommendation ..................................................... 31 7.0 References............................................................................... 32-34 8.0 Appendices.............................................................................. 35 - 44 "' "". , ..- ., ., LIST OF TABLES Page Table 1: GPS coordinate reading for Station 1 until 8 Station 5. Table 2: Apparatus used for physico-chemical water 11 quality parameters at Telaga Air estuary. Table 3: Number of fish family, fish species and number 13 of individuals sample collection for each station Table 4: List number of fish families and species 15-16 collected from 5 station of Telaga Air estuary. Table 5: Diversity indices of fish fauna at Telaga Air 17 estuary. Table 6: Mean and standard error for the phsico-chemical 18 water parameters at sampling stations. Table 7: One way ANOVA of physico-chemical water 19 parameter. IV ~. f . ' .. ' f LIST OF FIGURES PAGE Figure 1: The sampling station at Sg.Sibu, Telaga Air estuary 9 Figure 2: Percentage of ten highest individual fish family at Telaga Air 14 estuary Figure 3: Mean of pH value for each sampling station at Telaga Air 19 estuary. Figure 4: Mean of 00 value for five sampling stations at Telaga Air 20 estuary. Figure 5: Mean of temperature value for five sampling stations at Telaga 20 Air estuary. Figure 6: Mean of salinity value for five sampling stations at Telaga Air 21 estuary. Figure 7: Mean of turbidity value for five sampling stations at Telaga 21 Air estuary. Figure 8: Mean of depth value for five sampling stations at Telaga Air 22 estuary. Figure 9: Mean ofB005 value for five sampling stations at Telaga Air 23 estuary. Figure 10: Mean of water current value for five sampling stations at 23 Telaga Air estuary. v ~ ." '" -. LIST OF APPENDICES PAGE Appendix 1: List of fish families, species, common name and number of 35 individual caught from station 1 Appendix 2: List of fish families, species, common name and number of 36 individual caught from station 2 Appendix 3: List of fish families, species, common name and number of 37 individual caught from station 3 Appendix 4: List of fish families, species, common name and number of 38 individual caught from station 4 Appendix 5: List of fish families, species, common name and number of 39 individual caught from station 5 Appendix 6: List of fish families, species, number of individual eN), total 40 length (TL) and weight with their standard deviations (SO) caught in station I Appendix 7: List of fish families, species, number of individual eN), total 41 length (TL) and weight with their standard deviations (SO) caught in station 2 Appendix 8: List of fish families, species, number of individual eN), total 42 length (TL) and weight with their standard deviations (SO) caught in station 3 Appendix 9: List of fish families, species, number of Individual (N), total 43 length (TL) and weight with their standard deviations (SO) caught in station 4 44 Appendix 10: List of fish families, species, number of individual (N), total length (TL) and weight with their standard deviations (SO) caught in station 5 VI Diversity and Composition of Fish Fauna at Telaga Air Estuary Faznur Fateh Bte Firdaus@Nicholas Aquatic Resource Science and Management Faculty of Resources Science and Technology Universiti Malaysia Sarawak ABSTRACT This study was conducted to determine the diversity and composition of fish fauna at Telaga Air th estuary from 4th _5 February 2012. Five sampling stations were selected and fish were collected using three layer gill net after the 10 to 15 minutes of net deployment. A total of 237 individual fish from 26 families and 52 species were collected. The highest individual fish were collected at ST3 and the lowest at ST5. The most ubiquitous fish collected were from family Sciaenidae with 10 species and covered 32.70% of individual fish. Eight types of physico-chemical water parameters were taken and analyze using one way ANOVA showed that there were significant differences among all stations. Keyword: Telaga Air estuary, family Sciaenidae, fish composition and diversity ABSTRAK Kajian ini telah dijalankan bagi menentukan nilai kepelbagaian dan komposisi ikan di kawasan paya bakau Telaga Air pada 4-5 Febuari 2012. Lima stesen bagi aktiviti penangkapan ikan telah dipilih dan pukat insang tiga lapis digunakan dan dibiarkall selama 10 sehingga 15 minit dipermukaan air bagi tujuan penangkapan ikan. Sejumlah 237 individu ikan daripada 26 famili dan 52 spesis telah dianalisa. ST3 merupakan stesen tertinggi kutipan sample ikan manakala ST5 merupakan stesen yang terendah klltipan sample ikan. Famili Sciaenidae telah mendominasi kutipan ikan sebanyak 10 spesis dengan jumlah sebanyak 32.70% individu ikan. Lapan jenis parameter kualiti