Appendix C A List of the Messier Objects DS=DoubleStar OC=OpenCluster GC=GlobularCluster EG = Elliptical Galaxy SG = Spiral Galaxy IG = Irregular Galaxy PN = Planetary Nebula DN = Diffuse Nebula SR = Supernova Remnant Object Common Name Type of Object Location mv Dist. (kly) M1 Crab Nebula SR Taurus 9.0 6.3 M2 GC Aquarius 7.5 36 M3 GC Canes Venatici 7.0 31 M4 GC Scorpius 7.5 7 M5 GC Serpens 7.0 23 M6 Butterfly Cluster OC Scorpius 4.5 2 M7 Ptolemy’s Cluster OC Scorpius 3.5 1 M8 Lagoon Nebula DN Sagittarius 5.0 6.5 M9 GC Ophiuchus 9.0 26 M10 GC Ophiuchus 7.5 13 M11 Wild Duck Cluster OC Scutum 7.0 6 M12 GC Ophiuchus 8.0 18 M13 Great Hercules Cluster GC Hercules 5.8 22 M14 GC Ophiuchus 9.5 27 M15 GC Pegasus 7.5 33 M16 Part of Eagle Nebula OC Serpens 6.5 7 M17 Horseshoe Nebula DN Sagittarius 7.0 5 M18 OC Sagittarius 8.0 6 M19 GC Ophiuchus 8.5 27 M20 Trifid Nebula DN Sagittarius 5.0 2.2 M21 OC Sagittarius 7.0 3 M22 GC Sagittarius 6.5 10 M23 OC Sagittarius 6.0 4.5 135 Object Common Name Type of Object Location mv Dist. (kly) M24 Milky Way Patch Star cloud Sagittarius 11.5 10 M25 OC Sagittarius 4.9 2 M26 OC Scutum 9.5 5 M27 Dumbbell Nebula PN Vulpecula 7.5 1.25 M28 GC Sagittarius 8.5 18 M29 OC Cygnus 9.0 7.2 M30 GC Capricornus 8.5 25 M31 Andromeda Galaxy SG Andromeda 3.5 2500 M32 Satellite galaxy of M31 EG Andromeda 10.0 2900 M33 Triangulum Galaxy SG Triangulum 7.0 2590 M34 OC Perseus 6.0 1.4 M35 OC Gemini 5.5 2.8 M36 OC Auriga 6.5 4.1 M37 OC Auriga 6.0 4.6 M38 OC Auriga 7.0 4.2 M39 OC Cygnus 5.5 0.3 M40 Winnecke 4 DS Ursa Major 9.0 M41 OC Canis Major 5.0 2.4 M42 Great Orion Nebula DN Orion 5.0 1.6 M43 Part of Orion Nebula DN Orion 7.0 1.6 M44 Beehive Cluster OC Cancer 4.0 0.5 M45 Pleiades OC Taurus 1.4 0.4 M46 OC Puppis 6.5 5.4 M47 OC Puppis 4.5 1.6 M48 OC Hydra 5.5 1.5 M49 EG Virgo 10.0 60000 M50 OC Monoceros 7.0 3 M51 Whirlpool Galaxy SG Canes Venatici 8.0 37000 M52 OC Cassiopeia 8.0 7 M53 GC Coma Berenices 8.5 56 M54 GC Sagittarius 8.5 83 M55 GC Sagittarius 7.0 17 M56 GC Lyra 9.5 32 M57 Ring Nebula PN Lyra 9.5 4.1 M58 SG Virgo 11.0 60000 M59 EG Virgo 11.5 60000 M60 EG Virgo 10.5 60000 M61 SG Virgo 10.5 60000 M62 GC Ophiuchus 8.0 22 M63 Sunflower galaxy SG Canes Venatici 8.5 37000 136 Object Common Name Type of Object Location mv Dist. (kly) M64 Blackeye galaxy SG Coma Berenices 9.0 12000 M65 SG Leo 10.5 35000 M66 SG Leo 10.0 35000 M67 OC Cancer 7.5 2.25 M68 GC Hydra 9.0 32 M69 GC Sagittarius 9.0 25 M70 GC Sagittarius 9.0 28 M71 GC Sagitta 8.5 12 M72 GC Aquarius 10.0 53 M73 OC Aquarius 9.0 M74 SG Pisces 10.5 35000 M75 GC Sagittarius 9.5 58 M76 Little Dumbell PN Perseus 12.0 3.4 M77 SG Cetus 10.5 60000 M78 DN Orion 8.0 1.6 M79 GC Lepus 8.5 40 M80 GC Scorpius 8.5 27 M81 Bode’s Galaxy SG Ursa Major 8.5 11000 M82 Cigar Galaxy IG Ursa Major 9.5 11000 M83 Southern Pinwheel SG Hydra 8.5 10000 M84 EG Virgo 11.0 60000 M85 EG Coma Berenices 10.5 60000 M86 EG Virgo 11.0 60000 M87 Virgo A Galaxy EG Virgo 11.0 60000 M88 SG Coma Berenices 11.0 60000 M89 EG Virgo 11.5 60000 M90 SG Virgo 11.0 60000 M91 SG Coma Berenices 11.5 60000 M92 GC Hercules 7.5 26 M93 OC Puppis 6.5 4.5 M94 SG Canes Venatici 9.5 14500 M95 SG Leo 11.0 3800 M96 SG Leo 10.5 3800 M97 Owl Nebula PN Ursa Major 12.0 2.6 M98 SG Coma Berenices 11.0 60000 M99 SG Coma Berenices 10.5 60000 M100 SG Coma Berenices 10.5 60000 M101 Pinwheel Galaxy SG Ursa Major 8.5 24000 M102 Duplication of M101 M103 OC Cassiopeia 7.0 8 137 Object Common Name Type of Object Location mv Dist. (kly) M104 Sombrero Galaxy SG Virgo 9.5 50000 M105 EG Leo 11.0 38000 M106 SG Canes Venatici 9.5 25000 M107 GC Ophiuchus 10.0 20 M108 SG Ursa Major 11.0 45000 M109 SG Ursa Major 11.0 55000 M110 Satellite galaxy of M31 EG Andromeda 10.0 2200 138.