15°0'W 10°0'W 5°0'W 0°0' 5°0'E 10°0'E 15°0'E 20°0'E r a h r r a h r I i Libya Algeria d a W 25°0'N 25°0'N W a d i t T e a s f s a s a r s i n a s u a s o t m e a t A Wadi T T ama i t nras d t set a a W h K i W a d 20°0'N 20°0'N Mauritania i s Arlit ! m ! e l i Nouakchott T ! "" u d e é l k Mali l a a u o V a Agadez Niger z 'A ! l e W d Niger ad Lake e i Hawach é l S Faguibine l ma a u Saint-Louis ! e ego n V Wadi T e W g W al a a a d as l di i T li B D l e za il a Dakar li h Niger o a G ! Thies s "! ! l 15°0'N " ! Diourbel Kayes s e Chad 15°0'N Senegal ! o r ! ! Mopti h Kaolack ! B Mbour a ! m i B lou d Sa Zinder a Niamey ! Banjul Serre Kunda Gam Ségou W Maradi b B "! The !!! i B ! it " ! ! a a h e a W Vo Sokoto f i k lta Lake n o "" ! Gambia g y Bamako i k Vol ! Chad Ziguinchor an c ta Katsina "! a Ouagadougou ! " B l B "! Gusau N'Djamena Bissau " Kano ! Maiduguri ""! "" !! " " Burkina Faso Komadugu! Gana " Sikasso Damaturu Bobo Dioulasso R C ! ed Zaria h ! V o " a r l " i Guinea ta Guinea- iger i Kaduna N t ! O "" Bauchi Gombe Mubi ! " at Kainji ! ! ! Maroua m Bissau Jos ! la a B Lake Logone a m la " r S a n Minna " ah d c 10°0'N Conakry B 10°0'N n Benin ! "! ! " a B Garoua " B ! Abuja l ! " Sarh a ! " c Tamale Niger !! ! k ! Jimeta m a V ue n Moundou h o e Freetown u l B ! "! t ! " Sierra Leone Côte d'Ivoire a Togo Ogbomosho Nigeria O K wa o "" Central African Republic e m Iseyin ! "Oshogbo Makurdi S Bouaké Ghana ! " Ede o " """ Ado Okene Cameroon " e !" ! ! " Iwo ! !! ! K C ! "" Ngaoundéré Ife! a a Abomey Ibadan " !Ilesha Akure Kossou Lake " ! t ! v " ! ! ! s ! a ! " ! i Reservoir Volta " Ikire ! n l l Kumasi Owo a y Abeokuta !! Ondo A la "" Cotonou Lagos!Ikorodu Enugu Cross-border transhumance routes Yamoussoukro ! V ! "" "" "! Liberia ol " " " ss " B ta " " Benin ro " a "! " " C Livestock movement (dry and wet period as of 2001-2004) n " Porto-Novo " Onitsha Bamenda Monrovia Sassandra d Ashiaman ! a ! n Lomé m Umuahia o ! Warri Abidjan "! u a " ! N " " ! ! " Aba Ikot Ekpene Oub " Bafoussam an Accra " ! gu Port Harcourt " Transhumancea routes Major urban centres i ( Land cover "" ag Ub ! " an a 5°0'N Calabar S Bertoua n 5°0'N " "" > 1,000,000 gi) Takoradi ! " ga Livestock! movement (dry period) Bangui Major wadis (non-perennial) na " > 500,000 - 1,000,000"! Douala Sa "Bangui Malabo "" Livestock movement (wet period) ! > 250,000 - 500,000 Major rivers (perennial) ""! !! " ! > 100,000 - 250,000 (CILSS) ! D ja Equatorial Yaoundé !! < 100,000 (capitals) Waterbodies Guinea Dakar Capitals Atlantic Ocean Dja CILSS countries iItimbiri go ir Con mb Cape Verde NgokoS Congo Iti Congo a First level administrative go n boundaries on g C pori Equatorial h Lo Giri Bo a Congo lo Guinea S Lulonga Maringa m a Y ekokora b n Giri o Data sources: Cartographicg information: o Sao Tome and g n Transhumanceo routes: Sahel and West Africa Club (2001-2004) h Oubangui (Ubangi) oScale (main map): 1:17,000,000 for DIN A4 prints d a C Principe Backgroundin vector data: ESRI; FAO GeoNetwork; GAUL; GRUMP (alpha) Reference system: Geographic coordinates Libreville Iv Datum:Ik eWleorldm b Geodetica System 1984 (WGS 84) o Giri ""! d " n i Congo Maringa ´ Ruki v B usira ! I Congo 0°0' T 0°0' Map descriptrion: Map production: shu Praia Scale: 1:7,000,000 Congo apa km Map givesO an overview of the cross-border (wet and dry seasonal) Centre for Geoinformatics (Z_GIS), Ts km g Lomela h Gabon transhumanceo oroutes in the CILSS/ECOWAS member states. University of Salzburg, Austria, October 2010 ua 0 50 100 u a A Sal p Ogooué e im li m Congo on a 0 250 500 1,000 l a o ga S A g 15°0'W 10°0'W 5°0'W 0°0' 5°0'E 10°0'E 15°0'E 20°0'E.