Detailed Table of Contents Foreword.............................................................................................................. xv Preface................................................................................................................xvii Acknowledgment............................................................................................... xxv Chapter 1 Mobile.Money.Transfer:.Reshaping.Remittances.and.Bridging.Financial. Inclusion.in.Africa.and.Beyond..............................................................................1 Martin Gachukia, Riara University, Kenya The.chapter.reviews.the.growth.of.mobile.money.transactions.(MMTs).and.their. effect.on.international.remittances.and.financial.inclusion..The.novelty.of.MMTs.is. its.widening.adaptation.beyond.Sub-Saharan.Africa.with.increased.confidence.in.use. of.MMTs.by.international.humanitarian.agencies.and.governments.in.reaching.out. to.citizenry.through.government-to-people.(G2P).as.well.as.people-to-government. (P2G).payment.platforms..The.chapter.is.conceptualized.on.the.emergent.themes. emanating.from.the.World.Bank.data.under.the.G20.financial.inclusion.indicators. in. 60. countries. with. remarkable. MMTs. per. 100,000. adults.. Emergent. findings. from.the.data.indicates.of.MMT.benefits.to.small.countries.such.as.the.Pacific. Island.countries,.benign.economic.policies.under.West.African.countries,.increased. uptake.of.cash.and.voucher.transfers.through.humanitarian.support,.and.the.pursuit. of.cashless.economy.through.mobile.wallets..In.essence,.the.growth.of.MMTs.is. currently.viewed.as.leap-frog.strategy.to.the.low-.and.middle-income.countries. embracing.MMTs.in.promoting.the.sustainable.development.goals. Chapter 2 Impact.of.Trust.on.Customer.Adoption.of.Digital.Payment.Systems...................16 Palak Kanojia, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, India Madan Lal, Department of Commerce, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, India  With.the.government.spending.huge.amounts.on.making.digital.payments.successful,. the.reports.indicate.that.the.rate.of.penetration.is.not.as.rapid.as.it.is.supposed.to.be.. Many.third.parties.are.entering.into.the.payment.sector.with.alternative.payment. systems.at.retail.sector..This.study.is.based.on.the.literature.available.on.the.consumer. behaviour.theory.of.planned.behaviour.(TPB)..The.purpose.of.the.research.is.to. test. the. relationship. between. the. trust-based. factors. and. the. antecedents. of. the. behavioural.intention.to.use.electronic.payments.by.the.users..Presently,.the.research. question.that.has.been.concentrated.on.is.to.study.the.impact.of.trust.on.the.attitude. and.intention.to.use.electronic.payments.in.India..The.objective.of.the.study.is.to. examine.the.role.of.trust.in.technology.adoption.model..The.findings.indicated.that. trust.acts.as.a.significant.determinant.of.consumer.adoption.of.digital.payments.in. India..Therefore,.in.order.to.find.the.answers.to.the.research.question,.the.study.has. been.conducted.among.the.users.of.electronic.payments. Chapter 3 Employing.Artificial.Intelligence.and.Algorithms.in.the.Digital.Lending. Industry:.Measuring.and.Managing.Risky.Consumer.Behaviour.........................43 Thaisaiyi Zephania Opati, Riara University, Kenya Lenders.employ.AI.and.algorithms.in.analyzing.the.potency.for.loan.advancement.. AI.and.algorithms.are.seen.as.efficient,.and.banks.seem.to.be.adopting.or.exploring. the.AI.applications.and.algorithms.to.manage.risk.and.cut.bottom.line.cost,.thus. replacing.costly,.laborious,.and.repetitive.activities.along.the.value.chain..The.chapter. offers.practical.solution.to.the.practitioners.and.stakeholders.on.identifying.customers. associated.with.consumer.risky.default.behaviors..It.then.advises.on.how.to.deal. with.these.issues.and.what.banks.should.employ.to.curb.risky.borrowing.behavior. Chapter 4 Impact.of.Mobile.Money.Transfer.on.the.Education.Sector.in.Sub-Saharan. Africa:.A.Review..................................................................................................71 Albert Juma, La Trobe University, Bundoora Campus, Melbourne, Australia Digitalization. of. payments. related. to. education. has. played. a. significant. role. in. driving.the.fourth.agenda.of.the.Sustainable.Development.Goals.(SDG).aimed.at. providing.free,.equitable,.and.quality.primary.and.secondary.education.to.children.by. 2030..Since.the.launch.of.mobile.money.transfer.(MMT).technologies.by.Safaricom. in.Kenya.in.2007,.many.providers.have.developed.a.range.of.services.to.ensure. efficient,.transparent,.and.sustainable.means.of.paying.for.school.and.college.fees.. This.has.led.to.enhanced.teacher-student.interaction.times,.reduced.absenteeism,. improved.security.in.handling.money,.and.made.it.easier.for.families.to.save,.plan,. and.educate.their.children..This.chapter.reviews.key.success.cases.of.countries.and. institutions.that.have.digitalized.payments.and.other.education.services.to.empower. disadvantaged.communities.  Chapter 5 Mobile.Financial.Services:.Design.and.Development.–.An.Unexplored. Pathway.to.Financial.Inclusion.............................................................................96 Alexander Maina Kimari, University of Johannesburg, South Africa Eric Blanco Niyitunga, University of Johannesburg, South Africa The.chapter.explores.financial.exclusion,.its.causes,.and.consequences.in.society.. The. chapter. found. that. the. existing. discrepancy. in. financial. inclusion. between. the.developed.and.developing.world.is.driven.by.financial.exclusion.that.makes.it. difficult.for.financial.service.providers.to.expand.outreach.to.the.poor.at.affordable. prices..The.chapter.aims.to.investigate.the.role.of.mobile.financial.service.design.and. development.in.dealing.with.financial.exclusion..It.was.found.that.mobile.financial. services.are.promoting.financial.inclusion.in.various.markets..However,.few.studies. have.been.undertaken.on.the.benefits.of.mobile.financial.services.in.dealing.with.the. high.rates.of.financial.exclusion..The.chapter.recommended.that.to.achieve.financial. inclusion,.there.is.need.for.mobile.financial.services.providers.to.take.into.account. customer.experience.through.the.ease.of.using.the.phone.interface..The.chapter. concluded.that.there.is.need.for.scholars.in.the.fields.of.finance.and.economics.to. conduct.research.in.the.areas.of.mobile.financial.services.and.their.role.in.society. Chapter 6 The.Why.and.the.Wherefores:.A.Case.for.Consumerism.in.the.Marketing.of. Digital.Loans.......................................................................................................120 Thaisaiyi Zephania Opati, Riara University, Kenya Though.the.digital.loan.industry.is.still.in.its.diapers,.the.unprecedented.growth.of.it. is.a.concern.to.many.stakeholders.within.the.financial.industry..In.fact,.the.emerging. apprehensions.arising.out.of.the.process.of.lending,.distribution,.and.use.of.the. digital.loans.have.become.a.cause.for.consumerism.and.consumer.advocacy.within. this.new.emerging.product.category..Of.great.apprehension.are.issues.relating.to. regulation,.consumer.privacy,.and.loan.processing.among.others..With.this.regard,. a.survey.was.carried.out.in.Nairobi.County,.Kenya.with.over.500.questionnaires. being.sent.through.email.to.respondents.who.fall.within.the.middle-class.category.. A.convenience.sampling.method.was.adopted.for.the.study,.and.243.were.answered. and.returned..A.further.analysis.was.done.given.the.objective.of.the.study.was. to.examine.consumer.and.ethical.concerns.arising.out.of.sale.and.marketing.of. digital.loans..This.chapter.examines.consumer.issues.arising.out.of.the.digital.loan. applications.and.addresses.what.the.industry.needs.to.do..It.recommends.the.way. forward.in.dealing.with.these.issues.  Chapter 7 Using.Electronic.Payment.Programs.as.an.Anti-Corruption.Strategy.in.Africa.153 Olayemi Abdullateef Aliyu, Toi Ohomai Institute of Technology, New Zealand Chris Niyi Arasanmi, Toi Ohomai Institute of Technology, New Zealand Samuel M. Ekundayo, Eastern Institute of Technology, New Zealand The.theft.of.public.revenues.is.a.daily.ethical.failing.associated.with.corruption. in.African.countries..Yet.many.government.sectors.and.agencies.in.Africa.have. failed.to.use.ICTs.to.create.the.required.culture.of.transparency..What.do.recent. literature.and.empirical.research.findings.reveal.about.solutions.to.these.problems?. Thus,.the.primary.focus.of.this.chapter.is.to.conduct.an.extensive.literature.review. on.how.electronic.payment.programs.can.be.used.as.an.anti-corruption.strategy.in. Africa..Given.the.complex.nature.of.corruption,.the.focus.in.this.proposed.chapter. is.to.understand.how.other.developing.countries.like.Malaysia.have.successfully. used. electronic. payment. programs. to. reduce. corruption. and. improve. national. accountability..A.critical.review.of.the.observed.ambiguity.in.the.contemporary. definition.of.corruption.from.different.cultures.in.Africa.will.be.reviewed..The. ambiguity.of.the.true.commitment.of.African.power.elites.in.fighting.corruption. will.also.be.examined.with.alternative.solutions.from.existing.literature. Chapter 8 Impact.of.Mobile.Payment.Applications.and.Transfers.on.Business:.Financial. Inclusion.and.Innovation.–.The.Case.of.Mpesa.in.Kibera.Slum,.Kenya............173 Gladys Wanjiku Thuita, Riara University, Kenya Despite.Kenya.having.over.40.banks,.only.three.banks.are.accessible.to.the.residents. of.Kibera.Slum..Kibera.Slum.is.located.on.the.outskirts.of.Nairobi.and.is.home.to. approximately.0.75.million.people..A.majority.of.the.population.in.Kibera.Slum.