Reálie anglicky mluvících zemí Zpracováno v rámci projektu : „EU Peníze SŠ“, reg. číslo: CZ.1.07/1.5.00/34.0053 EU –OPVK VY_32_INOVACE_263 Datum vytvoření: 2012/2013 Autor: Mgr. Hana Svrčková Škola: Střední průmyslová škola textilní, Liberec, Tyršova1, příspěvková organizace Reálie anglicky mluvících zemí 3. History of the UK Výukové cíle: osvojení znalostí o historii Spojeného království žáci se orientují v historických souvislostech , dovedou hovořit o důležitých osobnostech z historie Spoj. království Metodické poznámky: na závěr připravené úlohy k diagnostice dosažení VC řešení kontrolních úloh se zobrazí na následujícím snímku Questions: • Who were the first inhabitants of the British Isles? • Who and when invaded the country? • How was Great Britain formed? • Who were the important monarchs? • What were the important events in the 20th century? Invaders • The British Isles experienced a series of invasions in the past 2,000 years: • 1. The Romans – invaded in 43 AD (called the country Britannia, founded Londonium, built roads) • 2. The Anglo-Saxons – came in the 5th century from today‘s Germany and Denmark • 3. The Vikings – came during the 9th century from Denmark and Norway • 4. The Normans – in 1066, William the Conqueror became the rules of Britain after the Battle of Hastings – the Norman conquest The first inhabitants • …were the Celts who came from continental Europe more than 2,500 years ago. • The remains of their language are surviving in Welsh, Scottish Gaelic and Irish Gaelic. • Celts were pushed northwards by all the invaders. Invasions How was Great Britain formed? • Scotland, Wales and England used to be separated kingdoms before: • In 1485 a Welsh prince, Henry Tudor became King Henry VII of England (and therefore united Wales and England) • In 1603 King James VI of Scotland inherited the crown of England and Wales and became King James I of England (Elizabeth I‘s nephew, Mary Stuart‘s son) • In 1707 – the parliaments of England, Wales and Scotland were united Ireland • It was officially a part of the kingdom from 1802 to 1922 • Finally in 1922 the independent Republic of Ireland (Eire) was formed (catholic) • But Northern Ireland (Ulster) (protestant) became a part of the United Kingdom • The separatist tendencies and the religious- based violence is a never-ending problem in N.I. Dynasties to rule the UK • Since the Middle Ages the following dinasties have ruled over the UK: • The Plantagenets • The House of Lancaster and York • The Tudors • The Stuarts • The House of Hanover • The House of Saxe-Coburg • Since 1910, the House of Windsor is the royal family Modern history of the UK • In the 20th century, the UK played an important role in both world wars • Millions of soldiers died in the WWI • In the WWII, the British Isles were never invaded by the Nazis, but the cities were badly bombed Henry VIII Tudor (1509-1547) • Famous for having 6 wives: 1. Catherine of Aragon – divorced 2. Anne Boleyn – beheaded 3. Jane Seymor – died at birthgiving 4. Anne Cleeves – divorced 5. Catherine Howard- beheaded 6. Catherine Parr – overlived Henry) • In 1534 founded the Church of England separated from Vatican as he needed to divorce Catherine of Aragon Elizabeth I (1558-1603) • Ruled in the time of renaissance and Shakespeare • Called the „virgin Queen“ as she never married • As a protestant queen ruled among catholic enemies • The oversea explorations started under her rule Queen Victoria (1837 – 1901) • The longest ruling female monarch in history • The Victorian era • The British Empire reached its peak and became the world power n. 1 Queen Elizabeth II • Born 1926 • Became queen in 1952 • Celebrated the diamond jubilee in 2012 • In 1947 married Prince Phillip, with whom she has four children What do you know? • Who were the first inhabitants of the British Isles? • Who and when invaded the country? • How was Great Britain formed? • Who were the important monarchs? • What were the important events in the 20th century? Answer key • The Celts • 1. The Romans – 43 BC • 2. the Anglo-Saxons – the 5th century • 3. the Vikings – the 9th century • 4. the Normans – 1066 • In 1485 Henry Tudor united England and Wales, became Henry VII, in 1603 James VI united Scotland with the rest of the country, became James I • Henry VII, Henry VIII, Elizabeth I, Victoria Použitá literatura • BORSBEY, Janet, SWAN, Ruth: Crossing Cultures, reálie anglicky mluvících zemí. 1. vyd. Dubicko: INFOA. ISBN 978-80-7240-683-8 • BRENDLOVÁ, Světla: Reálie anglicky mluvících zemí, 2. dopl. Vyd. Plzeň: FRAUS. ISBN 80-7238-307-8 • CUNNINGHAM, Sarah, MOOR, Peter: New Cutting Edge Intermediate Student‘s Book. 3. vyd. 2007. Harlow: PEARSON EDUCATION LIMITED. ISBN – 13: 978-0-582-82517-8 Zdroje obrázků • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Brennus_mg_9724.jpg • http://rainstore.narod.ru/materials/english/1066_invaders.htm • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/1491_Henry_VII I.jpg/388px-1491_Henry_VIII.jpg • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Elizabeth1Engl and.jpg/399px-Elizabeth1England.jpg • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Queen_Victoria_1887. jpg • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Elizabeth_II_gre ets_NASA_GSFC_employees%2C_May_8%2C_2007_edit.jpg/347px- Elizabeth_II_greets_NASA_GSFC_employees%2C_May_8%2C_2007_edit.jpg.