Chemical Composition Activities and Biological Essential of Oils Chemical • Edoardo Napoli Marco and Maura Di Vito Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils Edited by Edoardo Marco Napoli and Maura Di Vito Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Antibiotics www.mdpi.com/journal/antibiotics Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils Editors Edoardo Marco Napoli Maura Di Vito MDPI • Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade • Manchester • Tokyo • Cluj • Tianjin Editors Edoardo Marco Napoli Maura Di Vito Institute of Biomolecular University of Bologna Chemistry Italy National Research Council Universit`a Cattolica del Sacro Cuore ICB-CNR Italy Italy Editorial Office MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382) (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/antibiotics/special issues/Chemical Composition). For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: LastName, A.A.; LastName, B.B.; LastName, C.C. Article Title. Journal Name Year, Volume Number, Page Range. ISBN 978-3-0365-1250-1 (Hbk) ISBN 978-3-0365-1251-8 (PDF) Cover image courtesy of Edoardo Napoli and Maria Grazia Bellardi. © 2021 by the authors. Articles in this book are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. The book as a whole is distributed by MDPI under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND. Contents About the Editors .............................................. vii Edoardo Napoli and Maura Di Vito Toward a New Future for Essential Oils Reprinted from: Antibiotics 2021, 10, 207, doi:10.3390/antibiotics10020207 .............. 1 Marwa Moumni, Gianfranco Romanazzi, Basma Najar, Luisa Pistelli, Hajer Ben Amara, Kaies Mezrioui, Olfa Karous, Ikbal Chaieb and Mohamed Bechir Allagui Antifungal Activity and Chemical Composition of Seven Essential Oils to Control the Main Seedborne Fungi of Cucurbits Reprinted from: Antibiotics 2021, 10, 104, doi:10.3390/antibiotics10020207 .............. 7 Magdal´ena Kapustov´a, Giuseppe Granata, Edoardo Napoli, Andrea Puˇsk´arov´a, M´aria Buˇckov´a, Domenico Pangallo and Corrada Geraci Nanoencapsulated Essential Oils with Enhanced Antifungal Activity for Potential Application on Agri-Food, Material and Environmental Fields Reprinted from: Antibiotics 2021, 10, 31, doi:10.3390/antibiotics10010031 .............. 23 Amanda Mara Teles, Jo˜ao Victor Silva-Silva, Juan Matheus Pereira Fernandes, K´atia da Silva Calabrese, Ana Lucia Abreu-Silva, Silvio Carvalho Marinho, Adenilde Nascimento Mouchrek, Victor Elias Mouchrek Filho and Fernando Almeida-Souza Aniba rosaeodora (Var. amazonica Ducke) Essential Oil: Chemical Composition, Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Antitrypanosomal Activity Reprinted from: Antibiotics 2021, 10, 24, doi:10.3390/antibiotics10010024 .............. 35 Miroslava Kaˇcaniov´a,´ Margarita Terentjeva, Jana Stef´anikov´a,ˇ Jana Ziarovsk´ˇ a, Tatsiana Savitskaya, Dmitrij Grinshpan, Przemysław Łukasz Kowalczewski, Nenad Vukovic and Eva Tvrda´ Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Essential Oils against Staphylococcus spp. Isolated from Human Semen Reprinted from: Antibiotics 2020, 9, 765, doi:10.3390/antibiotics9110765 ............... 51 Maura Di Vito, Margherita Cacaci, Lorenzo Barbanti, Cecilia Martini, Maurizio Sanguinetti, Stefania Benvenuti, Giovanni Tosi, Laura Fiorentini, Maurizio Scozzoli, Francesca Bugli and Paola Mattarelli Origanum vulgare Essential Oil vs. a Commercial Mixture of Essential Oils: In Vitro Effectiveness on Salmonella spp. from Poultry and Swine Intensive Livestock Reprinted from: Antibiotics 2020, 9, 763, doi:10.3390/antibiotics9110763 ............... 73 Maha M. Ismail, Reham Samir, Fatema R. Saber, Shaimaa R. Ahmed and Mohamed A. Farag Pimenta Oil as a Potential Treatment for Acinetobacter baumannii Wound Infection: In Vitro and In Vivo Bioassays in Relation to Its Chemical Composition Reprinted from: Antibiotics 2020, 9, 679, doi:10.3390/antibiotics9100679 ............... 89 Fadia S. Youssef, Munira A. Mamatkhanova, Nilufar Z. Mamadalieva, Gokhan Zengin, Salima F. Aripova, Elham Alshammari and Mohamed L. Ashour Chemical Profiling and Discrimination of Essential Oils from Six Ferula Species Using GC Analyses Coupled with Chemometrics and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Potential Reprinted from: Antibiotics 2020, 9, 518, doi:10.3390/antibiotics9080518 ...............105 v Zuzana Kisov´a, Andrea Soltˇ ysov´a,´ M´ariaBuˇckov´a, G´aborBeke, Andrea Puˇsk´arov´aand Domenico Pangallo Studying the Gene Expression of Penicillium rubens Under the Effect of Eight Essential Oils Reprinted from: Antibiotics 2020, 9, 343, doi:10.3390/antibiotics9060343 ...............117 Minju Kim, Jun-Cheol Moon, Songmun Kim and Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan Morphological, Chemical, and Genetic Characteristics of Korean Native Thyme Bak-Ri-Hyang (Thymus quinquecostatus Celak.) Reprinted from: Antibiotics 2020, 9, 289, doi:10.3390/antibiotics9060289 ...............131 Ivan A. Garcia-Galicia, Jose A. Arras-Acosta, Mariana Huerta-Jimenez, Ana L. Renter´ıa-Monterrubio, Jose L. Loya-Olguin, Luis M. Carrillo-Lopez, Juan M. Tirado-Gallegos and Alma D. Alarcon-Rojo Natural Oregano Essential Oil May Replace Antibiotics in Lamb Diets: Effects on Meat Quality Reprinted from: Antibiotics 2020, 9, 248, doi:10.3390/antibiotics9050248 ...............147 Vita Di Stefano, Domenico Schillaci, Maria Grazia Cusimano, Mohammed Rishan and Luay Rashan In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Frankincense Oils from Boswellia sacra Grown in Different Locations of the Dhofar Region (Oman) Reprinted from: Antibiotics 2020, 9, 195, doi:10.3390/antibiotics9040195 ...............165 Luis A. Ortega-Ramirez, M. Melissa Guti´errez-Pacheco, Irasema Vargas-Arispuro, Gustavo A. Gonz´alez-Aguilar, Miguel A. Mart´ınez-T´ellez and J. Fernando Ayala-Zavala Inhibition of Glucosyltransferase Activity and Glucan Production as an Antibiofilm Mechanism of Lemongrass Essential Oil against Escherichia coli O157:H7 Reprinted from: Antibiotics 2020, 9, 102, doi:10.3390/antibiotics9030102 ...............175 Maura Di Vito, Antonina Smolka, Maria Rita Proto, Lorenzo Barbanti, Fabrizio Gelmini, Edoardo Napoli, Maria Grazia Bellardi, Paola Mattarelli, Giangiacomo Beretta, Maurizio Sanguinetti and Francesca Bugli Is the Antimicrobial Activity of Hydrolates Lower than That of Essential Oils? Reprinted from: Antibiotics 2021, 10, 88, doi:10.3390/antibiotics10010088 ..............187 vi About the Editors Edoardo Marco Napoli, Ph.D. is a Staff Research Scientist of Italian National Research Council (C.N.R.—Italy). Prior to joining the “Natural substances and food chemistry” team at the Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB-CNR), Dr. Napoli graduated summa cum laude in chemistry from the University of Catania (Italy). He continued his studies in the chemistry of natural compounds, earning his Ph.D. at the same university in 2003. After several years in a multinational pharmaceutical company as Regulatory Affairs Manager, he became a permanent research staff member at ICB-CNR in 2008. He is also a biotechnologist, with a bachelor’s degree achieved in 2014. His research activities are focused on natural products’ chemistry, phytochemistry, cosmetics, natural ingredients, flavors and fragrances and the exploitation of agroindustrial wastes. At the moment, the pharmacological and biological activities of natural compounds and phytocomplexes from different origins have become the main topic of his research. He has authored more than 60 publications in peer-reviewed journals, several scientific dissemination articles, and book chapters. Maura Di Vito achieved a Ph.D. with honors, and both a degree in Biology, Specialization in Clinic Pathology and Ph.D. in Human Pathology at the University of Rome “Sapienza”, and higher education in Herbal Medicine at the University of Viterbo “La Tuscia”. She has expertise in molecular biology, microbiology, protein analysis, microscopy, histology, and cell cultures in rapport to research in microbiology, oncology, and pathophysiology. After her Ph.D., she started her studies in the field of Complementary and Alternative Medicines (CAM) research at different national institutions. In 2013, she worked at the Network of Integrated Medicine of Tuscan Region for the joint action of European Partnership for Action Against Cancer (EPAAC), and she collaborated with research groups of the Dept. of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases of National Health Institute of Rome. Actually, she is active in the study of the antimicrobial activity of natural products at the Dept. of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL) of Universita` of Bologna, and at the Dept. of “Scienze biotecnologiche di base, cliniche intensivologiche e perioperatorie”, Catholic University of Sacred Heart of Rome, Italy. She has authored several publications, scientific dissemination articles, and book chapters. vii antibiotics Editorial Toward a New Future for Essential Oils Edoardo Napoli 1,*,† and Maura Di Vito 2,3,*,† 1 Istituto Chimica Biomolecolare—C.N.R., Via Paolo