SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE SPORTGENEESKUNDE JOURNAL OF THE S.A. SPORTS MEDICINE ASSOCIATION TYDSKRIF VAN DIE S.A. SPORTGENEESKUNDE-VERENIGING National Advisory Board Editor in Chief: VOLUME 7 NUMBER 1 FEB/MARCH 1992 Clive Noble Associate Editors: Prof ID Noakes Dawie van Velden Advisory Board: CONTENTS Traumatology: Etienne Hugo Physiotherapy: Editorial Comment Joyce Morton Health care for the future sportsmen o f South Nutrition: Africa ........................................................................ 3 Mieke Faber Biokinetics: Cricket Martin Schwellnuss Epidemiology: Cricket injuries while on tour with the South Derek Yach African team in India - C Smith ......................... 4 Radiology: Alan Scher Physiology Notes Pharmacology: Notes on muscle spindles - M Frescura ........... 9 John Straughan ) Physical Education: . 2 Hannes Botha Nutrition 1 0 Internal Medicine: Macro-nutrient intake of various athletes as 2 Francois Relief d reported in the literature - M Faber ................. 11 e t a d International Advisory Board ( Physiotherapy r Lyle J Micheli e A review of the McConnell approach to the h Associate Clinical Professor of s i management of patellofemoral pain - l Orthopaedic Surgery b Boston, USA J Morton .................................................................. 17 u P Chester R Kyle Restriction of ankle and foot movements using e h Research Director, Sports t the standard elastic ankle guard - 1 Seels, Equipment Research Associates y J Begley, F Futcher and J Mitchell ................. 20 b California, USA d e Prof HC Wildor Hollmann t n President des Deutschen News a r Sportarztebundes SASMA News .................................................. 25 g e Koln, West Germany c n Howard J Green e c i Professor, Department of l r Kinesiology e d Ontario, Canada n George A Brooks u y Professor, Department of Physical JOURNAL OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN a Education SPORTS MEDICINE ASSOCIATION w e 269 WEST AVENUE t California, USA a Neil F Gordon HENNOPSMERE G VERWOERDBURG, 0157 t Director, Exercise Physiology e n Texas, USA i SASMA b Edmund R Burke a Photographs courtesty o f the Image Bank S Associate Professor, Biology y b Department, University of The Journal of the S A Sports Medicine Association is published by Medpharm Publications, 3rd d Colorado Floor Noodhulpliga Centre, 204B HF Verwoerd Drive, Randburg 2194. PO Box 1004, Cramer- e c Colorado, USA view 2060. Tel: (011) 787-4981/9. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors u and not necessarily those of the publishers. d Graham N Smith o r Physiologist p e Glasgow, Scotland Printed by The Natal Witness Printing and Publishing Company (Ply) Lid R FOR FOR MORE INFORMATION, CONTACT YOUR DOCTOR OR PHARMACIST SPEAKS FOR YOU WHEN 49 M YOU CANNOT ) . 2 1 A PROJECT OF THE LIONS OF SOUTHERN AFRICA 0 $ 2 e d ic d e t Medic AlertMedic a d ( r ® # e h s i l b u P e h t A y b d e t n a r g e l e r t c n e c i l r e d n u y a w e t a G t e n i b PARKE-DAV a S y b d e c u d o r p e R EDITORIAL cruciate ligament tears of the knee joint, or scientific investigation shows that they established techniques have to be dis­ athletes arejoining medical aids and will be expensive total knee replacement in the developed countries) as an accurate diag­ cause a tremendous previousreductionopen surgicalin techniques.longosteoarthritic term This damage will to thejoint caused by curacy than before. shown toNot makeonly diagnosesthis of but internal de­ be damaged. boneon the lowerend ofthe femur may also vestigations are often expensiveare incorrect. and in Unfortunately,the the becomenewer in­out-moded cardedbecause as carefulnewer onesclinical take their place. Ideas able to afford first world medicine. Newer nostic tool in most parts of the body. This pensive for the generalSouth public.African context, they may be too ex­ scientific levels is In ordernecessary. to make progress in Sportsany field of legislation may well greatly increase this has markedly surgical reducedtreatment throughthe the incidencearthroscoperangements ofof the knee with far greateritself ac­ an expensive technique, has been MRI Scan it has been shown that in anterior South Africa. investigation costs in excess of R1 000 in aging (MRI) is utilised worldwide (in the medicine is in the same situation.medicine, researchOften at both clinical and future. morbidity and the possibility of having an At the present stage more and more black Retrospectively arthroscopic surgery, in But it may be necessary, e.g. using the For example, Magnetic Resonance Im­ HEALTH CARE FOR THE FUTURE SPORTSMEN OF SOUTH AFRICA ) . 2 1 0 2 d e t a d ( r e h s i l b u P e h t y b d often happens at the present stage. of medical skills and categoryinvestigations. and may well requireTherea higher level the situation in state shouldsocial havemedicine to wait which for a hospital bed as is Editor-in-Chief e number. sportsman with is a no torn way, meniscusfor example,can and that a unfortunatelytop class the champions are in an elitist for all sportsmen is the most desirable but Dr Clive Noble, MBBChB, FCS (SA).for sportsmen and sports medicine. t n The future holds interesting prospects Obviously the level of good health care a r g e ------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- c SPORTGENEESKUNDE VOL. n e c i l r e d n u y a w e t a G t e n i b 7 a NO. 1 S y b d e c 3 u d o r p e R CRICKET CRICKET INJURIES WHILE ON TOUR WITH THE SOUTH AFRICAN TEAM IN INDIA C Smith Keywords: International tour, cricket injuries, physiotherapy. ABSTRACT This paper briefly discusses the injuries encountered and their management during the South African Cricket Team's inaugural 8 day tour of India in November 1991. The team consisted of a squad of 14 players and the team physiotherapist. The tour marked the return of South Africa to the international cricket arena after 21 years of isolation. The most commonly injured area was the lower limb (64%) with the bone/ joint structures accounting for 7 (50%) of the injuries. Continued research and interest in this field will contribute towards a better understanding and management of cricket related injuries. ) . 2 INTRODUCTION plex motor skills of the crick­ will in turn have the effect of 1 0 eter (batsman)4 and anthro­ further increasing the opportu­ 2 Cricket is a sport which is pometric profile and body com­ nity to investigate the area of d e t widely played throughout this position of cricketers.5-6 A fair injuries associated with tou­ a d ( country and the world, yet un­ amount of other published ring international teams, as the r e like running, cycling, swim­ material on cricket injuries al­ research on cricket injuries in h s i ming or rugby, little research ready exists in the literature, South Africa has, up till now, l b has been done on the varied mostly eminating from Aus­ been confined to domestic u P aspects of the game. However, tralia.7'12 Even so, very little level.4 The purpose of this e h the last few years has demon­ data has been captured on cri­ brief paper is thus to report on t y strated a growth of interest in cket injuries associated with the injuries which were en­ b d cricket which has specifically touring teams with only one countered during the South e t resulted in a recent spurt of publication known to be re­ African Cricket Team's inau­ n a r local paper publications. The ported on this topic.1 gural 8 day tour to India during g e specific areas looked at include Hopefully, this is changing November 1991 and to form a c n the injuries related to cric­ in South Africa, as its cricket base for further data collection e c i l ket, ‘•2-3 injuries associated officials have championed and research on cricket injuries r e with cricket tours,1 the com- South Africa's return to the in this country. d n international arena with full u membership status in the In­ BACKGROUND y a ternational Cricket Council. w e Craig Smith, BSc Physiotherapy, t This now means that South Within a day o f deciding that a Bsc (Med) (Hons) Sports Science. G Africa can embark on tours to the South African cricket team t e other countries and play host to was to tour India for 3 one-day n UCT Sports Injuries Clinic, i touring countries, increasing intema-tionals, the author was b University o f Cape Town. a S the exposure o f its players to informed that he was to tour y international competition. This with the team as physiother- b d e c 4 --------------------------------- u SPORTS MEDICINE VOL. 7 NO. 1 d o r p e R There were 7 bone/joint injuries, 3 and 7% to the trunk and back. Four injuries occurred while bat- limbs, 14% tothe lowerthe limbs,head and 14% neckto the uppertreatment. Dividing data).the injuries Thereto departurewere hada (notbeen total operated includedof on ain 14 week the prior players received treatment while 6 which required physiotherapyFor theor purposes of this paper, TREATMENTSan INJURIES AND any form ofgrammes exercise and tothus pants in theirdidimprove provincialnot cricketrequire pro­ bility and prevent further injury. of the players presented with any injuries (bursitis and haematoma). treatment for his shoulder which acclimatise and practise before the their state of fitness. All the players were active partici­ to main-tain or improveloosening their flexi­exercises warm-upand stretchingperiod of jogging, arm them from playing the first match.