Birds in Europe – Gulls and terns Country Breeding pop. size (pairs) Year(s) Trend Mag.% References Larus cachinnans Albania 90 – 110 96–02 0 0–19 YELLOW-LEGGED GULL Austria 10 – 25 98–02 + >80 Azerbaijan 10,000 – 15,000 96–00 (0) (0–19) Non-SPECE (1994: —) Status Secure Belarus 150 – 400 97–02 + 10–19 Criteria — Belgium 2–2 00–02 +N1 Bosnia & HG Present 90–03 ? – European IUCN Red List Category — Bulgaria 5,000 – 7,000 96–02 + 0–19 Criteria — Croatia (25,000 – 50,000) 02 (–) (0–19) 16 Cyprus (100 – 200) 98–02 (+) (0–19) Global IUCN Red List Category — Czech Rep. 0–5 00 +N Criteria — France 40,000 – 45,000 97–00 + 50–79 1 Georgia 300 – 1,000 94–02 – 20–29 Larus cachinnans is a widespread breeder in coastal areas of southern and eastern Germany 79 – 89 95–99 + 50–79 Greece (3,000 – 5,000) 95–00 (+) (0–19) Europe, which constitutes >50% of its global breeding range. Its European breeding Hungary 3 – 9 95–02 (F) (–) 14,7 population is large (>310,000 pairs), and increased between 1970–1990. Although Italy 40,000 – 50,000 03 + 30–49 Macedonia 50 – 250 90–00 (F) (–) 7 there were declines in Croatia and Georgia during 1990–2000, populations across Malta 150 – 180 90–02 + 0–19 1 the rest of its European range increased or were stable, and the species showed a Moldova 0 – 30 90–00 F 20–29 marked increase overall. Consequently, it is evaluated as Secure. Netherlands 16 – 32 98–00 ? – 1 Poland 150 – 230 97–02 +N2 Portugal 20,000 – 30,000 02 (+) (–) 2,5 Azores Present 02 ? – Madeira (5,000 – 10,000) 02 (0) (0–19) No. of pairs Romania 3,500 – 5,000 90–02 + 0–19 19,30 ≤ 4,200 Russia 20,000 – 40,000 90–00 0 0–19 8,24,60,120, ≤ 15,000 141,145 Serbia & MN 230 – 270 98–02 + 20–49 1,227 ≤ 45,000 Slovakia 0–15 80–99 + N Slovenia 60 – 80 90–00 (0) (0–19) ≤ 160,000 Spain (100,000 – 250,000) 98–02 (+) (0–19) 10 Canary Is. 2,500 – 10,000 97–03 + 30–49 28,30,25 Present Switzerland 300 – 600 98–02 + >80 Extinct Turkey 20,000 – 30,000 01 + 20–29 Ukraine 12,500 – 17,500 90–00 + 20–29 Larus UK 1–3 99–01 ? – 20 cachinnans Gibraltar 5,000 – 7,000 00 0 0–19 Total (approx.) 310,000 – 580,000 Overall trend Large increase Breeding range >1,000,000 km2 Gen. length. 13 % Global pop. 50–74 (See p. 139, bottom, for data quality graph) Winter pop. size (individuals) Total (approx.) >380,000 Overall trend Large increase % in European IBAs 22–35 Gen. length 13 % Global pop. 25–49 Larus armenicus Country Breeding pop. size (pairs) Year(s) Trend Mag.% References Armenia 10,000 – 12,000 97–02 0 0–19 ARMENIAN GULL Georgia Present 03 ? – Turkey 5,000 – 10,000 01 + 20–29 SPEC 2 (1994: —) Status Localised Total (approx.) 15,000 – 22,000 Overall trend Moderate increase Criteria ≥90% breed at ≤10 sites Breeding range >20,000 km2 Gen. length. 13 % Global pop. 50–74 European IUCN Red List Category — Country Winter pop. size (individuals) Year(s) Trend Mag.% References Criteria — Cyprus 10 – 100 97–02 0 0–9 Global IUCN Red List Category — Turkey (2,000 – 8,000) 91–01 + 20–29 Criteria — Total (approx.) >2,000 Overall trend Unknown % in European IBAs 4–15 Gen. length 13 % Global pop. 25–49 Larus armenicus breeds locally in Turkey, Armenia and Georgia, with Europe now known to constitute >50% of its global breeding range. Its European breeding population is relatively small (<22,000 pairs), but the trend between 1970–1990 was not known. The trend in Georgia during 1990–2000 was also unknown, but the species was stable or increased in Armenia and Turkey, and underwent a moderate increase overall. Nevertheless, more than 90% of the European breeding population occurs at just 10 sites (see Appendix 5), and consequently it is evaluated as Localised. No. of pairs ≤ 7,100 ≤ 11,000 n.a. 39 61 n.a. 2000 population 100 Present 1990 population Extinct Data quality (%) – Larus armenicus Larus unknown poor medium good armenicus 1990–2000 trend 39 61 1970–1990 trend 100 2000 population 49 49 1990 population 3 97 Data quality (%) – Larus cachinnans (see p. 139, top) unknown poor medium good 1990–2000 trend 57 41 1970–1990 trend 3 97 http://birdsineurope.birdlife.org 139 Tringa ery-Dend syr.p65 139 19/10/2004, 16:53.