ISSN 1830-7892 KS-EI-13-001-EN-C figuresKey on Europe Pocketbooks Key figures on Europe 2013 digest of the online Eurostat yearbook 2013 digest of the online Eurostat 2013 yearbook Key figures on Europe presents a selection of statistical data on Europe. Most data cover the European Key figures on Europe Union and its Member States, while some indicators are provided for other countries, such as members 2013 digest of the of EFTA, acceding and candidate countries to the online Eurostat yearbook European Union, Japan or the United States. This pocketbook treats the following areas: economy and finance; population; health; education and training; labour market; living conditions and social protection; industry, trade and services; agriculture, forestry and fisheries; international trade; transport; environment; energy; and science and technology. This pocketbook presents a subset of the most popular information found in the continuously updated online publication Europe in figures – Eurostat yearbook, which is available at http://bit.ly/Eurostat_yearbook This pocketbook may be viewed as an introduction to European statistics and provides a starting point for those who wish to explore the wide range of data that is freely available on Eurostat’s website at http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat 978-92-79-27023-9 9 789279 270239 doi:10.2785/35942 HOW TO OBTAIN EU puBLICATIONS Free publications: • one copy: via EU Bookshop (http://bookshop.europa.eu); • more than one copy or posters/maps: from the European Union’s representations (http://ec.europa.eu/represent_en.htm); from the delegations in non-EU countries (http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/index_ en.htm); by contacting the Europe Direct service (http://europa.eu/europedirect/index_en.htm) or calling 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (freephone number from anywhere in the EU) (*). (*) The information given is free, as are most calls (though some operators, phone boxes or hotels may charge you). Priced publications: • via EU Bookshop (http://bookshop.europa.eu). Priced subscriptions: • via one of the sales agents of the Publications Office of the European Union (http://publications.europa.eu/others/agents/ index_en.htm). Pocketbooks Key figures on Europe 2013 digest of the online Eurostat yearbook Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union. Freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) The information given is free, as are most calls (though some operators, phone boxes or hotels may charge you). More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://europa.eu). Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2013 ISBN 978-92-79-27023-9 ISSN 1830-7892 doi:10.2785/35942 Cat. No KS-EI-13-001-EN-C Theme: General and regional statistics Collection: Pocketbooks © European Union, 2013 Reproduction of content other than photos is authorised, provided that the source is acknowledged. Copyright for the photos: foreword photo: © European Union; all other photos (including cover): © Shutterstock The cover picture shows the State Theatre of Košice (Slovakia); this city is a European Capital of Culture 2013. Reproduction of photos is allowed for non-commercial purposes and within the sole context of this publication. Printed in Italy PRINTED ON ELEMENTAL CHlorine-FREE BLEACHED PAPER (ECF) Foreword Foreword Foreword Our pocketbook Key figures on Europe provides you with a selec- tion of the most important and interesting statistics on Europe. Drawing from the huge amount of data available at Eurostat, we aim to give an insight into the European economy, society and environment – for example, how the population of the European Union is changing, how the economy is performing in compari- son with the USA or Japan, or how living conditions vary between Member States. I hope that you will find information of interest both for your work and for your daily life. You can find the content of this book, in a much richer form, on- line in Statistics Explained as the continuously updated virtual publication Europe in figures – Eurostat yearbook. As usual, the latest and most complete versions of the data can be downloaded from the Eurostat website. Eurostat is the statistical office of the European Union. Working together with national statistical authorities in the European Statistical System, we produce official statistics which meet the highest possible standards of quality. I wish you an enjoyable reading experience! Walter Radermacher Director-General, Eurostat Chief Statistician of the European Union Key figures on Europe — 2013 edition 3 Abstract Abstract Abstract Key figures on Europe presents a selection of statistical data on Europe. Most data cover the European Union and its Member States, while some indicators are provided for other countries, such as members of EFTA, acceding and candidate countries to the European Union, Japan or the United States. This pocketbook, which presents a subset of the most popular information found in the continuously updated online publication Europe in figures — Eurostat yearbook (available in http://bit.ly/Eurostat_yearbook), may be viewed as an introduc- tion to European statistics and provides a starting point for those who wish to explore the wide range of data that is freely available on Eurostat’s website at: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat. Editor-in-chief Jukka Piirto Eurostat, Unit B6 – Dissemination Editors Annika Johansson, Helene Strandell Eurostat, Unit B6 – Dissemination Contact details Eurostat Bâtiment Joseph Bech 5, rue Alphonse Weicker 2721 Luxembourg LUXEMBOURG E-mail: [email protected] Virtual yearbook Production English edition This publication was produced by Giovanni Albertone, Simon Allen, Andrew Redpath (Informa sàrl) For more information please consult Internet: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat Data extraction period August to October 2012 (unless otherwise noted) Acknowledgements The editor-in-chief and the editors of this pocketbook would like to thank the more than 100 colleagues who were involved in its preparation. 4 Key figures on Europe — 2013 edition Contents Contents Contents Foreword 3 Abstract 4 Acknowledgements 4 Introduction 9 The Eurostat pocketbook 9 Eurostat and the European Statistical System 12 Accessing European statistics 14 Statistics for European policies 16 1. Economy and finance 19 1.1 National accounts – GDP 20 1.2 Government finances 22 1.3 Exchange rates and interest rates 24 1.4 Consumer prices – inflation and comparative price levels 26 1.5 Balance of payments 28 1.6 Foreign direct investment 30 2. Population 33 2.1 European population compared with world population 34 2.2 Population structure and ageing 36 2.3 Population and population change 38 2.4 Marriage and divorce 40 2.5 Fertility 42 2.6 Mortality and life expectancy 44 2.7 Migration and migrant populations 46 2.8 Asylum 48 3. Health 51 3.1 Healthy life years 52 3.2 Causes of death 54 3.3 Healthcare 56 3.4 Health and safety at work 58 4. Education and training 61 4.1 School enrolment and early leavers from education and training 62 4.2 Foreign language learning 64 4.3 Educational expenditure 66 4.4 Tertiary education 68 4.5 Lifelong learning 70 Key figures on Europe — 2013 edition 5 Contents 5. Labour market 73 5.1 Employment 74 5.2 Unemployment and beyond 76 5.3 Wages and labour costs 78 5.4 Job vacancies 80 5.5 Labour market policy interventions 82 6. Living conditions and social protection 85 6.1 Social inclusion 86 6.2 Income distribution 88 6.3 Housing 90 6.4 Social protection 92 6.5 Crime 94 7. Industry, trade and services 97 7.1 Structural business statistics 98 7.2 Industrial production 100 7.3 Industry and construction – short-term indicators 102 7.4 Services – short-term indicators 104 7.5 Tourism 106 7.6 Information society 108 7.7 Telecommunications 110 7.8 Postal services of universal service providers 112 8. Agriculture, forestry and fisheries 115 8.1 Agricultural output, price indices and income 116 8.2 Farm structure 118 8.3 Agricultural products 120 8.4 Forestry 122 8.5 Fisheries 124 9. International trade 127 9.1 International trade in goods 128 9.2 International trade in services 130 10. Transport 133 10.1 Passenger transport 134 10.2 Freight transport 136 6 Key figures on Europe — 2013 edition Contents 11. Environment 139 11.1 Land cover, land use and landscape 140 11.2 Air emissions accounts 142 11.3 Carbon dioxide emissions from final consumption 144 11.4 Waste 146 11.5 Water 148 11.6 Chemicals management 150 11.7 Environmental protection expenditure 152 11.8 Environmental taxes 154 11.9 Biodiversity 156 12. Energy 159 12.1 Energy production and imports 160 12.2 Consumption of energy 162 12.3 Electricity production, consumption and market overview 164 12.4 Renewable energy 166 12.5 Energy prices 168 13. Science and technology 171 13.1 R & D expenditure 172 13.2 R & D personnel 174 13.3 Innovation 176 13.4 Patents 178 Annexes 180 Classifications 180 Data presentation and abbreviations 181 Key figures on Europe — 2013 edition 7 Introduction IntroductionEquatummy numsan et ea feuis exerilit The Eurostat pocketbook Key figures on Europe presents a subset of the most popular in- formation found in the continuously updated online publication Europe in figures — Eurostat yearbook (available in http://bit.ly/ Eurostat_yearbook). Key figures on Europe provides users of official statistics with an overview of the wealth of information that is available on Eurostat’s website and within its online databases. Key figures on Europe has been conceived as a publication that provides a balanced set of indi- cators, with a broad cross-section of information. Structure of the publication Key figures on Europe is divided into an introduction and 13 main chapters.