DANS KAMMER ENERGY. LLC DANSKAMMER ENERGY CENTER Case No. 18-F-0325 1001.26 Exhibit 26 Effect on Communications Contents Exhibit 26: Effect on Communications .......................................................................................... 1 26(a) Existing Broadcast Communication Sources ................................................................... 1 (1) Amplitude Modulation (AM) Radio .............................................................................. 1 (2) Frequency Modulation (FM) Radio ............................................................................. 2 (3) Television ................................................................................................................... 4 (4) Telephone ................................................................................................................... 5 (5) Microwave Transmission ............................................................................................ 5 (6) Emergency Services ................................................................................................... 6 (7) Municipal/School District Services ............................................................................ 10 (8) Public Utility Services ............................................................................................... 11 (9) Doppler/Weather Radar ............................................................................................ 11 (10) Air Traffic Control ...................................................................................................... 12 (11) Armed Forces ........................................................................................................... 12 (12) Global Positioning System ........................................................................................ 13 (13) Long Range Navigation ............................................................................................ 13 (14) Amateur Radio Licenses Registered to Users .......................................................... 13 26(b) Existing Underground Cable and Fiber Optic Major Transmission Location Telecommunication Lines ....................................................................................................... 14 26(c) Electric Interconnection Effects...................................................................................... 15 (1) Structures to Interfere with Broadcast Patterns ........................................................ 15 (2) Structures to Block Necessary Lines-of-Sight .......................................................... 15 (3) Physical Disturbance by Construction Activities ....................................................... 15 (4) Adverse Impacts to Co-Located Lines due to Unintended Bonding ......................... 15 (5) Other Interference Potential ..................................................................................... 16 26(d) Potential Impacts on Federal Government Communication Systems ........................... 16 EXHIBIT 26 Danskammer Energy, LLC Page i Danskammer Energy Center 26(e) Adverse Effects on Communications Systems and Plans to Mitigate Impacts on Communication Systems ........................................................................................................ 1 6 26(f) Consultations with County and State Emergency Services ............................................ 16 References .............................................................................................................................. 18 Tables Table 26-1. AM Stations within 18.6 Miles (30 kilometers) of the Proposed Project ..................... 1 Table 26-2. FM Stations within 18.6 Miles (30 kilometers) of the Proposed Project ..................... 2 Table 26-3. Microwave Paths Within 2-Miles of the Proposed Project ......................................... 6 Table 26-4. Site-Based Licensed Public Safety Communication Sources .................................... 7 Table 26-5. Area-Wide Licensed Communication Sources .......................................................... 8 Table 26-6. Amateur Radio Licenses within 2 Miles of the Proposed Project............................. 13 Appendices Appendix 26-1. AM and FM Radio Report Appendix 26-2. Over-the-Air TV Analysis Appendix 26-3. Mobile Phone Carrier Report Appendix 26-4. Microwave Study Appendix 26-5. Wireless Internet Services Report Appendix 26-6. Land Mobile and Emergency Services Report Appendix 26-7. Government RADAR System Analysis Appendix 26-8. Doppler Weather Radar Study Appendix 26-9. GPS Study Appendix 26-10. Amateur Radio Report Appendix 26-11. County and State Emergency Services Consultation EXHIBIT 26 Danskammer Energy, LLC Page ii Danskammer Energy Center Exhibit 26: Effect on Communications 26(a) Existing Broadcast Communication Sources A review of the Project’s potential impact on multiple forms of communications technology was completed. Danskammer reviewed Federal Communications Commission (FCC) license data and other appropriate databases to review television, radio, cellular, and microwave communications, as well as Doppler radar as described below. Additionally, Danskammer is consulting with the Orange County Office of Emergency Services, the Orange County Sheriff’s office, and the New York State Division of Homeland Security & Emergency Services to inform these agencies about the Project and assess effects and concerns regarding potential impacts to emergency services or emergency communications systems. (1) Amplitude Modulation (AM) Radio Comsearch, Danskammer’s expert, analyzed AM radio broadcast stations whose service could potentially be affected by the Project in Orange County (see Appendix 26-1; Comsearch, 2019a). Thirteen database1 records for AM stations were identified within an 18.6-mile (30 kilometer) radius of the Project. All but one of the stations are licensed separately for daytime and nighttime operations with a higher transmit power permitted during daytime hours. Comsearch has indicated that an AM station may experience interference if the station is within 1.9 miles (3 kilometers) of any nearby buildings or facilities. The closest station was identified as occurring over 4.9 miles (8 kilometers) from the Project. Therefore, operation of the Project is not anticipated to interfere with or cause adverse impacts to any of the identified stations. See Table 26-1 below for an itemized list of the database records. Table 26-1. AM Stations within 18.6 Miles (30 kilometers) of the Proposed Project Distance to the Distance to the Call Sign Frequency (kHz) Operation Time Project Project (Kilometers) (Miles) WBNR 1260 Nighttime 8.69 5.40 WBNR 1260 Daytime 8.69 5.40 WGNY 1220 Nighttime 12.70 7.89 WGNY 1220 Daytime 12.70 7.89 WKIP 1450 Nighttime 15.77 9.80 1 Comsearch 2019a contains a typographical error stating 12 results, but 13 records are provided in the Report. EXHIBIT 26 Danskammer Energy, LLC Page 1 Danskammer Energy Center Table 26-1. AM Stations within 18.6 Miles (30 kilometers) of the Proposed Project Distance to the Distance to the Call Sign Frequency (kHz) Operation Time Project Project (Kilometers) (Miles) WKIP 1450 Daytime 15.77 9.80 WEOK 1390 Nighttime 16.80 4.23 WEOK 1390 Daytime 16.80 4.23 WWLE 1170 Daytime 16.93 10.52 WHVW 950 Nighttime 19.43 12.07 WHVW 950 Daytime 19.43 12.07 WLNA 1420 Nighttime 29.29 18.20 WLNA 1420 Daytime 29.29 18.20 (2) Frequency Modulation (FM) Radio A search was conducted for FM stations within an 18.6-mile (30 kilometer) radius of the proposed Project (see Appendix 26-1; Comsearch, 2019a). There were 48 database records identified. Of these stations, 40 are currently licensed and operating, 18 of which are translator stations that broadcast with limited range. See Table 26-2 below for an itemized list of the database records. Table 26-2. FM Stations within 18.6 Miles (30 kilometers) of the Proposed Project Distance to the Distance to the Call Sign Frequency (MHz) Project Project (Kilometers) (Miles) WVKR-FM 91.3 8.37 5.20 W243EM 96.5 8.69 5.40 W280DJ 103.9 9.11 5.66 W229BH 93.7 9.11 5.66 W291CQ 106.1 9.11 5.66 W293AE 106.5 9.11 5.66 W212CC 90.3 9.13 5.67 WSPK 104.7 9.14 5.68 W233BM 94.5 9.19 5.71 W280DJ 103.9 9.20 5.72 WBWZ 93.3 13.99 8.69 EXHIBIT 26 Danskammer Energy, LLC Page 2 Danskammer Energy Center Table 26-2. FM Stations within 18.6 Miles (30 kilometers) of the Proposed Project Distance to the Distance to the Call Sign Frequency (MHz) Project Project (Kilometers) (Miles) W295BK 106.9 13.99 8.69 WRWD-FM 107.3 13.99 8.69 W239BL 95.7 14.00 8.70 W279AJ 103.7 14.00 8.70 W253BV 98.5 15.76 9.79 W253BV 99.7 15.76 9.79 WPKF 96.1 15.77 9.80 WPKF 96.1 15.77 9.80 W213AC 90.5 15.96 9.92 WRHV 88.7 16.05 9.98 WFNP 88.7 16.05 9.98 WRNQ 92.1 16.05 9.98 WRRB 96.9 16.05 9.98 WPDH 101.5 16.05 9.98 W271BF 102.1 16.07 9.99 WCZX 97.7 16.10 10.01 W292CM 106.3 16.29 10.12 W299AG 107.7 16.82 10.45 W261DY 100.1 17.02 10.58 WJGK 103.1 17.78 11.05 W287CY 105.3 17.78 11.05 WPKF 96.1 18.69 11.62 W247CW 97.3 19.43 12.08 WLJP 89.3 25.57 15.89 WLJP 89.3 25.57 15.89 W231BP 94.1 25.57 15.89 W291CQ 106.1 25.57 0.00 W240CR 95.9 26.37 15.89 WHUD 100.7 26.37 16.39 W232DQ 94.3 26.38 16.39 WJZZ 88.1 27.03 16.40 WDBY 105.5 27.97 16.80 WPWL-LP 103.7 29.19 17.38 EXHIBIT 26 Danskammer Energy, LLC Page 3 Danskammer Energy Center Table 26-2. FM Stations within 18.6 Miles (30 kilometers) of the Proposed Project Distance to the Distance to the Call Sign Frequency (MHz) Project Project (Kilometers) (Miles) WGNY-FM 98.9 29.43 18.14