INDEX Adverse possession, 63, 152 judicial split, 24 Ahmadis, 112119, 130, 154155, martial law, 16, 17, 24 194195 necessity doctrine, 28 Apostasy, 137 non-justiciable provisions, 8 Appeals presidential powers, 76 capital punishment, 103 revolution, 15 right of appeal, 125, 128, 151 sacred trust, 27 shariat courts, 125, 137, 151, 156, see also Supra-constitutional 165 provision Awami League, 14 Baxi, Upendra, 16 Ayub Khan, Muhammad Bhutto, Benazir constitutional reform, 7 corruption allegations, 85, 100 martial law, 53 dismissal, 75, 7778, 81, 85, 105 personal laws, 155 election, 65, 75, 104 replacement, 14 judiciary, 85, 104, 105 Bhutto, Zulfikar Ali Bail, 55, 109 contracts, 2829 Bangladesh, 14, 82 death sentence, 133, 134 Bank loans deposed, 21 interest payments (riba), 52, 6061, detention, 24 71 election, 20, 21 mark-up, 71 Islamisation, 33 sacred trust, 102 land reform, 132, 147, 170172 Basic structure doctrine leadership, 14 affirmation, 23, 3233 martial law, 16, 2024 constitutional amendment, 22, 23, opportunism, 24 8284, 8687 repressive laws, 16, 20, 22, 32, 112 emergence, 8185 Blasphemy, 193195 Grundnormen, 19, 21 Bohras, 154 Hudood Ordinances, 91 Breach of contract, 42 human rights, 87 India, 19, 82 Capital punishment judicial powers, 18 apostasy, 137 appeals, 103 235 The Role of Islam in the Legal System of Pakistan commutation/waiver, 66, 68, 132 armed forces, 20, 22 135 Art.2-A/Objectives Resolution, 47 Islamic law, 66, 68 73 jurisdiction, 103 directive principles of policy, 78 martial law, 6566 eighth amendment, 49, 59, 67, 81 provocation defence, 43 84, 104 speedy trials, 103 fourteenth amendment, 86 stoning (rajm), 148, 166, 193 freedom of association, 32 Central Council for Awareness and freedom of movement, 95 Enforcement of Human Rights and freedom of religion, 23, 53, 112 Obligations, 98 fundamental rights, 45, 53, 7881, Civil Procedure Code, 42, 99, 125, 97 128 Islamic law, 40, 41, 100, 117 Civil servants, 173, 178183, 185, judicial appointments, 105 187 judicial powers, 19, 28, 3132, 34 Colonial laws martial law, 2025, 2728, 40, 83 criminal law, 8, 1012, 133, 195 84, 170 justice, equity and good personal laws, 138139 conscience, 4042, 144 Preamble, 23, 24, 31 legal system, 1, 2, 5, 9, 100, 123 repugnance to Islam, 3134, 50, personal laws, 11 6667, 92, 158159 residual laws, 40 revival, 75 see also Common law salient features, 8283, 87 Common law second amendment, 113, 130 Islamic law, 42, 45, 61, 68 seventh amendment, 20, 22 malicious prosecution, 45 third amendment, 114 martial law, 22, 24 thirteenth amendment, 86 natural justice, 22, 23 Constitutional law necessity doctrine, 27 basic structure see Basic structure residual laws, 41 doctrine Companies, winding up, 5658 constitutional amendment, 2024, Compulsory purchase, 90, 165, 170, 49, 8284, 8687 185186 democracy, 15, 17, 23 Constitution (1956) freedom of religion, 23, 53, 112, abrogation, 7, 13 115117, 155 directive principles of policy, 67 fundamental rights, 1, 13, 22, 45, Islamic law, 7, 33 53, 7881, 87, 97, 134 Constitution (1962) government dismissals, 7785, 86 abrogation, 14 Grundnorm see Grundnormen amendment, 7 ideological state, 15, 27, 28, 33 directive principles of policy, 8, immutable norms, 14, 15, 17, 18, 3536 19, 20, 33 Islamic law, 78, 33, 3536 indigenisation, 27, 28 non-justiciable provisions, 53 Islamisation, 1, 67, 4773 Preamble, 7 judicial independence, 59, 85, 103 Constitution (1973) 104 abrogation, 25 236.