FSC National Risk Assessment For the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland DEVELOPED ACCORDING TO PROCEDURE FSC-PRO-60-002 V3-0 Version V1-0 Code FSC-NRA-GB V1-0 National approval National decision body: FSC UK Date: 22 June 2018 International approval FSC International Center: Performance and Standards Unit Date: 11 December 2018 International contact Name: FSC UK Email address: [email protected] Period of validity Date of approval: 11 December 2018 Valid until: (date of approval + 5 years) Body responsible for NRA FSC UK maintenance FSC-NRA-GB V1-0 NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM 2018 – 1 of 170 – Contents Risk designations in finalized risk assessments for the UK ...................................................... 3 Background information ............................................................................................................. 4 List of experts involved in the risk assessment ......................................................................... 5 National Risk Assessment maintenance ................................................................................... 6 Complaints and disputes regarding the approved National Risk Assessment .......................... 6 List of key stakeholders for consultation ................................................................................... 7 Overview of UK forests ............................................................................................................ 10 Risk assessments .................................................................................................................... 11 Controlled wood category 1: Illegally harvested wood ........................................................ 11 Overview ......................................................................................................................... 11 Experts consulted ........................................................................................................... 11 Sources of legal timber in the United Kingdom .............................................................. 12 Risk assessment ............................................................................................................. 13 Recommended control measures ................................................................................... 83 Controlled wood category 2: Wood harvested in violation of traditional and human rights 84 Overview ......................................................................................................................... 84 Experts consulted ........................................................................................................... 84 Risk assessment ............................................................................................................. 85 Recommended control measures ................................................................................... 85 Detailed analysis ............................................................................................................. 86 Controlled wood category 3: Wood from forests in which high conservation values are threatened by management activities ............................................................................... 109 Overview ....................................................................................................................... 109 Experts consulted ......................................................................................................... 110 Risk assessment ........................................................................................................... 111 Recommended control measures ................................................................................. 139 Controlled wood category 4: Wood from forests being converted to plantations or non- forest use ........................................................................................................................... 140 Overview ....................................................................................................................... 140 Risk assessment ........................................................................................................... 141 Recommended control measures ................................................................................. 147 Controlled wood category 5: Wood from forests in which genetically modified trees are planted ............................................................................................................................... 148 Overview ....................................................................................................................... 148 Risk assessment ........................................................................................................... 148 Recommended control measures ................................................................................. 154 Annex 1 List of information sources ...................................................................................... 155 Annex 2 Identification of applicable legislation ...................................................................... 158 Annex 3 Details of public consultation process ..................................................................... 170 FSC-NRA-GB V1-0 NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM 2018 – 2 of 170 – Risk designations in finalized risk assessments for the UK Indicator Risk designation (including functional scale when relevant) Controlled wood category 1: Illegally harvested wood 1.1 Low risk 1.2 Not applicable in the UK 1.3 Low risk 1.4 Low risk 1.5 Not applicable in the UK 1.6 Low risk 1.7 Low risk 1.8 Low risk 1.9 Low risk 1.10 Low risk 1.11 Low risk 1.12 Low risk 1.13 Not applicable in the UK 1.14 Not applicable in the UK 1.15 Not applicable in the UK 1.16 Low risk 1.17 Low risk 1.18 Not applicable in the UK 1.19 Low risk 1.20 Low risk 1.21 Low risk Controlled wood category 2: Wood harvested in violation of traditional and human rights 2.1 Low risk 2.2 Low risk 2.3 Low risk Controlled wood category 3: Wood from forests where high conservation values are threatened by management activities 3.0 Low risk 3.1 Low risk 3.2 Low risk 3.3 Low risk 3.4 Low risk 3.5 Low risk 3.6 Low risk Controlled wood category 4: Wood from forests being converted to plantations or non-forest use 4.1 Low risk Controlled wood category 5: Wood from forests in which genetically modified trees are planted 5.1 Low risk FSC-NRA-GB V1-0 NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM 2018 – 3 of 170 – Background information This FSC Controlled Wood National Risk Assessment (NRA) was developed according to FSC- PRO-60-002 V3-0 EN The Development and Approval of FSC National Risk Assessments and FSC-PRO-60-002a V1-0 EN FSC National Risk Assessment Framework. The process timeline was as follows: Process step Date Approval of the NRA proposal by PSU August 2017 First draft development August-October 2017 First draft submission to PSU October 2017 Review by PSU November-December 2017 Implementation of amendments January-February 2018 Public consultation on first draft February-April 2018 Stakeholder feedback analysis April 2018 Final draft development May-June 2018 Final draft submission to PSU July 2018 Review by PSU July-August 2018 Implementation of amendments September-November 2018 Approval of the NRA December 2018 NRA development was carried out by a chamber balanced working group. The members of the group, drawn from the UKWAS Steering Group as the registered FSC standard development group in the UK, are listed in the table below. Name Chamber Qualifications Ewan McIntosh Economic Representing the Confederation of Forest Industries (Confor) on behalf of woodland owners, forestry practitioners and the wood processing industry Stuart Wilkie Economic Representing the Institute of Chartered Foresters (ICF) on behalf of forestry practitioners Gordon Pfetscher Environmental Representing the Woodland Trust as an environmental organisation Siân Williams (May Environmental Representing the Royal Society for the 2016-April 2018) & Protection of Birds (RSPB) as an Sheila George (April environmental organisation 2018 onwards) Andrew Heald Social Representing the Confederation of Forest Industries (Confor) on behalf of forestry workers Paul Williamson Social Representing the British Association for Shooting and Conservation (BASC) as a forest user organisation To contact members of the NRA-WG, please e-mail [email protected] in the first instance. Details of the public consultation process may be found in Annex 3. Note 1: The geographical scope of this risk assessment is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, i.e. it covers England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, but does not cover the Crown Dependencies or British Overseas Territories. For clarity, the scale at which individual elements of this risk assessment apply is specified as UK, or the individual constituent nations. Note 2: Numbers in square brackets are references to sources listed in Annex 1. FSC-NRA-GB V1-0 NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM 2018 – 4 of 170 – List of experts involved in the risk assessment Name CW category Qualifications Elaine Dick 1 Technical Communications, Forest Research; provided statistics on the enforcement of environmental impact assessment regulations. John Griffin 1 Forest Officer, Grants & Regulations Branch, Northern Ireland Forest Service; provided information