United States Census 2000 2003 Population With Bridged Race Categories September 135 Number 2, ies Ser Copyright information All material appearing in this report is in the public domain and may be reproduced or copied without permission; citation as to source, however, is appreciated. Suggested Citation Ingram DD, Parker JD, Schenker N, Weed JA, Hamilton B, Arias E, Madans JH. United States Census 2000 population with bridged race categories. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 2(135). 2003. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data United States census 2000 population with bridged race categories. p.; cm. — (Vital and health statistics. Series 2, Data evaluation and methods research ; no. 135) (DHHS publication ; no. (PHS) 2003-1335) ISBN 0-8406-0593-5 1. United States—Census, 22nd, 2000—Methodology. 2. United States— Population—Statistical methods. 3. Ethnicity—United States. 4. Ethnology— United States—Statistical methods. 5. United States—Population—Statistics. I. Title: US census 2000 population with bridged race categories. II. Title: United States census 2000 population with bridged race categories. III. Title: Census 2000 population with bridged race categories. IV. National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.) V. Series. VI. Series: DHHS publication ; no. (PHS) 2003-1335 RA409.U45 no. 135 [HA201.12] 362.1′072′3 s—dc22 [317.3] 2003059293 For sale by the U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents Mail Stop: SSOP Washington, DC 20402-9328 Printed on acid-free paper. Series 2, Number 135 United States Census 2000 Population With Bridged Race Categories Data Evaluation and Methods Research U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics Hyattsville, Maryland September 2003 DHHS Publication No. (PHS) 2003-1335 National Center for Health Statistics Edward J. Sondik, Ph.D., Director Jack R. Anderson, Deputy Director Jack R. Anderson, Acting Associate Director for International Statistics Lawrence H. Cox, Ph.D., Associate Director for Research and Methodology Diane M. Makuc, Dr.P.H., Acting Associate Director for Analysis, Epidemiology, and Health Promotion Edward L. Hunter, Associate Director for Planning, Budget, and Legislation Gina Martin, Acting Associate Director for Management Charles J. Rothwell, Associate Director for Information Technology and Services Division of Epidemiology John Kiely, Ph.D., Acting Director Division of Health and Utilization Analysis Diane M. Makuc, Dr.P.H., Director Division of Vital Statistics James A. Weed, Ph.D., Acting Director Contents Abstract .................................................................................................. 1 Introduction ............................................................................................... 1 Background ............................................................................................... 1 Standards for Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity .............................................................. 1 Previously Proposed Bridging Methods ....................................................................... 2 Need for Bridged Denominators for Vital Rates ................................................................ 3 Selection of the Bridging Method ........................................................................... 4 Data Files Used for Bridging Race ............................................................................ 4 Census 2000 Modified Race Data Summary File ............................................................... 4 National Health Interview Survey Data ....................................................................... 6 Bridging Methodology ...................................................................................... 7 Bridging Models ......................................................................................... 7 National Health Interview Survey Bridging Proportions.......................................................... 8 Bridged-Race Population Estimates ............................................................................ 9 Bridged Estimates for April 1, 2000.......................................................................... 9 Bridged Postcensal Population Estimates..................................................................... 11 Bridged Intercensal Population Estimates .................................................................... 11 Summary ................................................................................................ 12 References ............................................................................................... 12 Appendix I File Layout for the Bridged Modified Race Summary File, Census 2000............................................. 52 Appendix II File Layout for the Bridged Vintage 2001 Postcensal File, 2000–2001 ............................................... 53 Appendix III File Layout for the Bridged Vintage 2002 Postcensal File, 2000–2002 ............................................... 54 Appendix IV File Layout for the Bridged Intercensal File, 1990–99 ........................................................... 55 Text Tables A. List of the 31 race categories in Census 2000 ............................................................. 2 B. List of the 11 multiple-race groups used for bridging ....................................................... 6 Detailed Tables 1. Summary of modified race and Census 2000 race distributions for the resident population of the United States ....... 14 2. Distribution of the resident population according to race and State: United States, April 1, 2000 ................... 15 iii 3. Distribution of the multiple-race resident population according to multiple-race group and State: United States, April 1, 2000 ...................................................................................... 16 4. Distribution of the multiple-race resident population according to age and State: United States, April 1, 2000 ........ 17 5. Number of multiple-race respondents in the 1997–2000 National Health Interview Survey, according to multiple-race group and primary race .............................................................................. 18 6. Number of multiple-race respondents in the 1997–2000 National Health Interview Survey that were used for bridging and distribution of primary race, according to multiple-race group............................................ 18 7. Model coefficients from the six separate logistic regression models of primary race according to predicted primary race, National Health Interview Survey 1997–2000 ........................................................ 19 8. Model coefficients from the composite multi-logit model of primary race, according to predicted primary race, National Health Interview Survey 1997–2000 ............................................................ 19 9. Distributional characteristics of the NHIS bridging proportions, according to multiple-race group and predicted race. 20 10. American Indian or Alaska Native resident population, according to State and Hispanic origin: United States, 2000 . 21 11. Asian or Pacific Islander resident population, according to State and Hispanic origin: United States, 2000 ........... 24 12. Black or African American resident population, according to State and Hispanic origin: United States, 2000 ......... 27 13. White resident population, according to State and Hispanic origin: United States, 2000........................... 30 14. Resident population, according to State, Hispanic origin, and race: United States, 2000 .......................... 33 15. 1990- and 2000-based postcensal estimates of the resident population of the United States, according to Hispanic origin and race ..................................................................................... 51 iv Objectives The objectives of this report are to United States Census 2000 document the methods developed at the National Center for Health Statistics Population with Bridged Race (NCHS) to bridge the Census 2000 multiple-race resident population to single-race categories and to describe Categories the resulting bridged race resident population estimates. By Deborah D. Ingram, Ph.D., Jennifer D. Parker, Ph.D., Office of Analysis, Epidemiology, and Health Promotion; Nathaniel Schenker, Method Data from the pooled 1997–2000 Ph.D., Office of Research and Methodology; James A. Weed, Ph.D., National Health Interview Surveys Brady Hamilton, Ph.D., Elizabeth Arias, Ph.D., Division of Vital (NHIS) were used to develop models Statistics; Jennifer H. Madans, Ph.D., Office of the Director for bridging the Census 2000 multiple- race population to single-race categories. The bridging models included demographic and contextual covariates, some at the person-level Introduction Background and some at the county-level. Allocation probabilities were obtained from the Standards for Federal Data he objectives of this report are to regression models and applied to the on Race and Ethnicity Census Bureau’s April 1, 2000, document the methods developed Modified Race Data Summary File T at the National Center for Health In 1997, the Office of Management population counts to assign multiple- Statistics (NCHS) to bridge the Census and Budget (OMB) issued ‘‘Revisions to race persons to single-race categories. 2000 multiple-race resident population the Standards for the Classification of counts to single-race