Weak is STRONG Studies in the book of 2 Corinthians PART TWO: Weeks 7-13 Group Applications Personal Study Week 7 2 Corinthians 3:1-6 (ESV) re we beginning to commend on tablets of human hearts. 4 Such is the ourselves again? Or do we need, confidence that we have through Christ as some do, letters of recommen- toward God. 5 Not that we are sufficient Adation to you, or from you? 2 You in ourselves to claim anything as coming yourselves are our letter of recommenda- from us, but our sufficiency is from God, 6 tion, written on our hearts, to be known who has made us sufficient to be ministers and read by all. 3 And you show that you of a new covenant, not of the letter but of are a letter from Christ delivered by us, the Spirit. For the letter kills, but the Spirit written not with ink but with the Spirit of gives life. the living God, not on tablets of stone but • Some commentaries make the case that Context the word here for commend (συνίστημι) is closer to the idea of introduction than • The situation in Corinth was complex for self-serving conceit. The idea would a number of reasons, but one of the most have been that Paul didn’t have anyone painful is that Paul is forced, via letter, to in Corinth to introduce him. With this defend the authenticity of his message view, Paul’s need for commendation and his ministry. He does not want to do was about relationships and connections this but feels compelled: more than puffing up one’s credentials. » I have been a fool! You forced » The verb “to commend” (synistanein) me to it, for I ought to have been does not mean “to boast,” “to extol,” commended by you. For I was not at or “to exalt.” “Commendation” needs all inferior to these super-apostles, to be understood in the context of even though I am nothing. friendship and recommendation in — 2 Corinthians 12:11 (ESV) the ancient world. Paul does not use Week 7 – 2 Corinthians 3:1-6 2 self-commendation in a negative founded the church, and yet now the sense to mean self-applause… church is saying, “Where are your Self-commendation is therefore endorsements? Mr. SuperMiracleMan equivalent to self-introduction.1 has 13 endorsements in his college ruled moleskin. Show us your endorsements.” • That explanation might be partially The point is not that recommendations true (Paul himself often used letters were bad, but that the love and affection of recommendation, for example, Paul showed for a church he planted, Acts 18:27) but doesn’t go far enough shepherded and lived amongst, has not to get at the idea of “vouching” for been reciprocated. Paul, and certainly doesn’t accurately portray the full emotional turmoil Paul • The fruit of Paul’s ministry is the gospel is experiencing in this letter. The reality transformation he left behind. They are is that Paul is being questioned, and evidence of God’s work in his life and writes in the midst of accusation and the vindication of his apostleship. He has suspicion. One commenter noted: “Self- made this exact point in previous letters: defense is almost impossible without self-commendation. St. Paul’s opponents » If to others I am not an apostle, at made the former necessary, and then least I am to you, for you are the seal blamed him for the latter.”2 of my apostleship in the Lord. — 1 Corinthians 9:2 (ESV) • Paul founded the church, then other apostles come with letters of reference • The “letter” that Paul does have is and boasting, which becomes a sort the evidence of change in the people of public measuring stick of worth. of Corinth, but even this he does When Paul writes to the church, these not ultimately take credit for having letters (like a long, overdone list of accomplished. Sufficiency was from the book endorsements) had become a Lord. This is the consistent message from status symbol, and he has none. He Paul’s life, to glory only in the sufficiency that comes from God. 1 David E. Garland, 2 Corinthians (vol. 29; The New American Commentary; Nashville: Broad- • Covenant is a biblical word to describe man & Holman Publishers, 1999), 155. 2 Paul Barnett, The Message of 2 Corinthians: an agreement between two or more Power in Weakness (The Bible Speaks Today; parties outlining mutual rights and Leicester, England; Downers Grove, IL: InterVar- sity Press, 1988), 59. Week 7 – 2 Corinthians 3:1-6 3 responsibilities.3 Throughout scripture, • Covenant is similar to “last will and God uses this word to describe his testament,” and is actually the word ongoing commitment to his people. Here behind “testament“ in our Old and New are a few of the times we see covenants Testaments in the Bible. In addition to being made: all of the specific covenants mentioned above, there is a massive biblical » Noah (Genesis 6:18) emphasis on the difference between law » Abram (Genesis 17:1-8) and grace, letter and Spirit. They are not » David (1 Chronicles 17:12-14) antithetical to one another but are all ultimately fulfilled in Jesus Christ. 3 Allen C. Myers, The Eerdmans Bible Dictionary (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1987), 240. Personal Study • Read Luke 14:7-11. What principle do we find here? How does that inform Paul’s anxiety about credentials and commendation in 2 Corinthians? • 2 Corinthians 3 describes a “new covenant” of the Spirit. Read Jeremiah 31:31-34. What are some of the promises of this new covenant? List them. • Read Romans 8:9-11. What is the difference between life and death according to this passage? Week 7 – 2 Corinthians 3:1-6 4 • Most people tie confidence to competence. If you are competent, you will be confident. How does Paul upend this thinking? • What does it mean that we are not sufficient to claim anything as coming from us? What kinds of things would we be tempted to believe come as a result of our sufficiency? Read Matthew 6:9-13 slowly and deliberately. Jesus teaches us to pray for things beyond our control but what does he also teach us to depend on God for? • If you find yourself trusting in your own competence for your life, it is likely the result of erroneous thinking. You either believe you are more capable than you are OR you are not longing for the right kinds of things. You will not pray for what you think you can accomplish. You will not seek help for things deemed within your power. Make a list of things you long to see happen that cannot happen apart from God moving (transformation of heart in your kids, provision beyond your means, end to suffering for those in need around you, etc.). Press toward this list and you will discover the end of your self-sufficiency. Week 7 – 2 Corinthians 3:1-6 5 Group Application • Have you ever needed a letter of recommendation? Share your story—what was the context, why was it needed, what was written, etc. • How did the Corinthian church serve as a letter of recommendation for Paul? • Often times we wait to minister to others because we don’t feel ready or worthy. How can Paul saying his sufficiency is in Christ rather than in himself help us when we don’t feel “ready” or competent to be ministers of the gospel? • When Paul contrasts the letter and the Spirit, he isn’t favoring “experience” over “the word.” Instead, he is showing the superiority of the new covenant over the old covenant. Talk about how the new covenant is superior to the old covenant and how this benefits us as believers and ministers of the gospel. Week 7 – 2 Corinthians 3:1-6 6 • How do you plan to apply the passage and sermon to your life this week? How can your group help you and pray for you? of unconscious life or the highly self- Short Reading conscious, intelligent life of a seraph. No creature has life in itself; all life is a gift From the Pursuit of God by A. W. Tozer from God. Teach us, O God, that nothing is necessary The life of God, conversely, is not a gift from to Thee. Were anything necessary to another. Were there another from whom Thee that thing would be the measure of God could receive the gift of life, or indeed Thine imperfection: and how could we any gift whatever, that other would be God worship one who is imperfect? If nothing in fact. An elementary but correct way to is necessary to Thee, then no one is think of God is as the One who contains necessary, and if no one, then not we. Thou all, who gives all that is given, but who dost seek us though Thou does not need Himself can receive nothing that He has us. We seek Thee because we need Thee, not first given. for in Thee we live and move and have our being. Amen To admit the existence of a need in God is to admit incompleteness in the divine “The Father hath life in himself,” said our Being. Need is a creature-word and Lord, and it is characteristic of His teaching cannot be spoken of the Creator. God has that He thus in a brief sentence sets forth a voluntary relation to everything He has truth so lofty as to transcend the highest made, but He has no necessary relation to reaches of human thought.