1 Mitch Aso History of Science May 2007 Field "Racial Theories of Human Difference and the Sciences" Field supervised by: Warwick Anderson The “Origins of the Modern Concept of Race”: The Rise and Decline (and Rise Again) of Scientific Racism in Europe and the Americas Banton, Michael P. The Idea of Race. London: Tavistock Publications, 1977. Banton, Michael P. Racial Theories. 2nd ed.; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998. [Choose one] Barkan, Elazar. Retreat of Scientific Racism: Changing Concepts of Race in Britain and the United States between the World Wars. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1992. Biddiss, Michael Denis. Father of Racist Ideology: The Social and Political Thought of Count Gobineau. London,: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1970. Boulle, Pierre H. “Francois Bernier and the Origins of the Modern Concept of Race.” In The Color of Liberty: Histories of Race in France, edited by Sue Peabody and Tyler Edward Stovall. Durham [N.C.]: Duke University Press, 2003. Fredrickson, George M., The Comparative Imagination: On the History of Racism, Nationalism, and Social Movements Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997. Fredrickson, George M. The Black Image in the White Mind; the Debate on Afro- American Character and Destiny, 1817-1914. [1st ed. New York,: Harper & Row, 1971. [Choose one] Gates, Henry Louis. "Race," Writing, and Difference. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986. Gould, Stephen Jay. The Mismeasure of Man. Rev. and expanded. ed. New York: Norton, 1996. Graves, Joseph L. The Emperor's New Clothes: Biological Theories of Race at the Millennium. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 2001. Jacobson, Matthew Frye. Whiteness of a Different Color: European Immigrants and the Alchemy of Race. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1998. Jennings, H. S. Scientific aspects of the race problem. Washington, DC: The Catholic University of America Press, 1941. Omi, Michael and Howard Winant, Racial Formation in the United States from the 1960s to the 1980s, 2d ed. New York: Routledge, 1994. Stanton, William Ragan. The Leopard's Spots: Scientific Attitudes toward Race in America, 1815-59. [Chicago]: University of Chicago Press, 1960. Stepan, Nancy. The Idea of Race in Science: Great Britain, 1800-1960. Hamden, Conn.: Archon Books, 1982. Stepan, Nancy Leys. "Race, Gender, Science and Citizenship." Gender & History 10, no. 1 (1998): 26-52. Natural History: Biology, Evolution, and Eugenics in the 19th and 20th centuries 2 History of Biology in a Nutshell Allen, Garland. Life Science in the Twentieth Century. Edited by George Basalla, Coleman, William, Cambridge History of Science. New York: Cambridge UP, 1975. Bowler, Peter J. Evolution: The History of an Idea. 3rd ed. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003. Darwin, Charles. On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. London: John Murray, 1859. Darwin, Charles. The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex. 1st ed. 2 vols. London: J. Murray, 1871. Desmond, Adrian J. The Politics of Evolution : Morphology, Medicine, and Reform in Radical London, Science and Its Conceptual Foundations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989. Jardine, Nicholas, James A. Secord, and E. C. Spary. Cultures of Natural History. Cambridge ; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996. [Select articles] Kohn, David, and Malcolm J. Kottler, eds. The Darwinian Heritage. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1985. Kroll, Jerome, and Bernard S. Bachrach. “Medieval Dynastic Decisions: Evolutionary Biology and Historical Explanations.” Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 21, no. 1 (1990): 1-28. Kroll, Jerome, and Bernard S. Bachrach. “A Reply.” Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 23, no. 4 (1993): 854-57. Provine, William B. The Origins of Theoretical Population Genetics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001 (1971). Rainger, Ronald, Benson, Keith, Maienschein, Jane, ed. The American Development of Biology. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1988. Richards, Robert John. Darwin and the Emergence of Evolutionary Theories of Mind and Behavior, Science and Its Conceptual Foundations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987. Sapp, Jan. "The Evolution of Complexity." History of Philosophy of the Life Sciences 21 (1999): 215-26. Sapp, Jan. "The Nine Lives of Gregor Mendel." In Experimental Inquiries, edited by H. E. Le Grand, 137-66: Kluwer Academic, 1990. Sapp, Jan. Beyond the Gene: Cytoplasmic Inheritance and the Struggle for Authority in Genetics, Monographs on the History and Philosophy of Biology. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987. Todes, Daniel Philip. Darwin without Malthus : The Struggle for Existence in Russian Evolutionary Thought, Monographs on the History and Philosophy of Biology. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989. Eugenics Adams, Mark B., ed. The Wellborn Science : Eugenics in Germany, France, Brazil, and Russia, Monographs on the History and Philosophy of Biology. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990. Allen, Garland E. “Old Wine in New Bottles: From Eugenics to Population Control in 3 the Work of Raymond Pearl.” In The Expansion of American Biology, edited by Keith Rodney Benson, Jane Maienschein and Ronald Rainger, 231-61. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1991. Dikotter, Frank. “Race culture: recent perspectives on the history of eugenics.” American Historical Review 103 (1998): 467-78. Haller, Mark. Eugenics: Hereditarian Attitudes in American Thought. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1963. Kevles, Daniel J. In the Name of Eugenics: Genetics and the Uses of Human Heredity. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995 [1986]. Larson, Edward. Sex, Race, and Science: Eugenics in the Deep South. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press: 1995. Paul, Diane. Controlling Human Heredity, 1895 to the Present. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press, 1995. Provine, William B. “Geneticists and race.” American Zoology. 26 (1986): 857-87. Rosenberg, Charles E. No Other Gods: On Science and American Social Thought. Revised and expanded ed. Baltimore, Md.: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997. Stepan, Nancy. "The Hour of Eugenics": Race, Gender, and Nation in Latin America. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1991. Stern, Alexandra. Eugenic Nation: Faults and Frontiers of Better Breeding in Modern America, American Crossroads; 17. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005. Vigilant, Linda. "Race and Biology." In Global Convulsions: Race, Ethnicity, and Nationalism at the End of the Twentieth Century, edited by Winston van Horne. Albany: State University of New York, 1997. Race in France: Biology, Eugenics, Civilization, and Degeneration Appel, Toby A. Cuvier-Geoffroy Debate: French Biology in the Decades before Darwin, Monographs on the History and Philosophy of Biology. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987. Burian, Richard M., Gayon, and Zallen. "The Singular Fate of Genetics in the History of French Biology, 1900-1940." Journal of the History of Biology 21 (1988): 357-402. Burkhardt, Richard W. The Spirit of System: Lamarck and Evolutionary Biology. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1995. Carol, Anne. Histoire De L'eugénisme En France: Les Médecins Et La Procréation, Xixe- Xxe Siècle. Paris: Editions du Seuil, 1995. Coleman, William. Georges Cuvier, Zoologist; a Study in the History of Evolution Theory. Cambridge, Mass.,: Harvard University Press, 1964. Pauly, Philip J. Controlling Life: Jacques Loeb and the Engineering Ideal in Biology. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987. Pick, Daniel. Faces of Degeneration: A European Disorder, C.1848-C.1918. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989. Peabody, Sue, and Tyler Edward Stovall. "Introduction: Race, France, Histories." In The Color of Liberty: Histories of Race in France, edited by Sue Peabody and Tyler Edward Stovall. Durham [N.C.]: Duke University Press, 2003. Schneider, William. "The Eugenics Movement in France, 1890-1940." In The Wellborn Science: Eugenics in Germany, France, Brazil, and Russia, edited by Mark B. Adams. 4 New York: Oxford University Press, 1990. Schneider, William H. Quality and Quantity: The Quest for Biological Regeneration in Twentieth-Century France, Cambridge History of Medicine. Cambridge ; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990. The Sciences of Man: American, British, and German Anthropology in the 19th and 20th centuries Bannister, Robert C. Social Darwinism and Myth in Anglo-American Social Thought. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press, 1979. Boas, Franz. Race, Language, and Culture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982. Degler, Carl. In Search of Human Nature: The Decline and Revival of Darwinism in American Social Thought. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991. Harris, Marvin. The Rise of Anthropological Theory. New York: Thomas Crowell, 1968. Hofstadter, Richard. Social Darwinism in American Thought, revised ed. New York: G. Braziller, 1959. Hinsley, Curtis M. Savages and Scientists: The Smithsonian Institution and the Development of American Anthropology, 1846-1910. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1981. Jones, Greta. Social Darwinism and English Thought: The Interaction between Biological and Social Theory. Atlantic Highlands, N.J.: Humanities Press, 1980. Kramer, Paul A. The Blood of Government: Race, Empire, the United States, & the Philippines. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2006. Kuklick, Henrika. The Savage Within: The Social History of