The e-Government Development Discourse Analysing Contemporary and Future Growth Prospects in Developing and Emerging Economies Kelvin J. Bwalya The e-Government Development Discourse Analysing Contemporary and Future Growth Prospects in Developing and Emerging Economies Published by AOSIS (Pty) Ltd, 15 Oxford Street, Durbanville 7550, Cape Town, South Africa Postnet Suite #110, Private Bag X19, Durbanville 7551, South Africa Tel: +27 21 975 2602 Fax: +27 21 975 4635 Email: [email protected] Website: https://www.aosis.co.za Copyright © Kelvin J. Bwalya. Licensee: AOSIS (Pty) Ltd The moral right of the author has been asserted. Cover: Original design created with the use of images released under the CCO Creative Commons license. The images are https://pixabay.com/en/analytics-information- innovation-3088958/ and https://pixabay.com/en/cape-town-south-africa-historically-997524/. ISBN: 978-1-928396-55-0 (print) ISBN: 978-1-928396-56-7 (epub) ISBN: 978-1-928396-57-4 (pdf) DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/aosis.2018.BK71 How to cite this work: Bwalya, K.J., 2018, The e-Government Development Discourse: Analysing Contemporary and Future Growth Prospects in Developing and Emerging Economies, pp. i–296, AOSIS, Cape Town. Printed and bound in South Africa. Listed in OAPEN (http://www.oapen.org), DOAB (http://www.doabooks.org/) and indexed by Google Scholar. Some rights reserved. This is an open access publication. Except where otherwise noted, this work is distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0), a copy of which is available at https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/. 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The e-Government Development Discourse Analysing Contemporary and Future Growth Prospects in Developing and Emerging Economies Kelvin J. Bwalya Social Sciences, Humanities, Education & Business Management domain editorial board at AOSIS Chief Editor Andries van Aarde, Post Retirement Professor in the Dean’s Office, Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, South Africa Board Members Jan Botha, Professor in the Centre for Research on Evaluation, Science and Technology, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa Joan Hambidge, Deputy Dean at the Faculty of Humanities for the University of Cape Town & Professor for the School of Languages and Literatures, South Africa Sakari Häkkinen, Dean of the Diocese of Kuopio, Finland Glenna Jackson, Associate Editor, Professor Chair, Department of Religion and Philosophy, Otterbein University, Westerville, OH, United States of America Gregory C. Jenkins, Dean-elect, St George’s College, Jerusalem, Israel Reina-Marie Loader, Director and Filmmaker, CinémaHumain, Vienna, Austria Babita Marthur-Helm, Senior Lecturer in Organisational Transformation & Development, Managing Diversity Gender Empowerment, University of Stellenbosch Business School, Stellenbosch, South Africa Christopher Mbazira, Professor of Law & Coordinator of the Public Interest Law Clinic, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda Piet Naudé, Professor, Ethics Related to Politics, Economics and Business & Director, University of Stellenbosch Business School, Stellenbosch, South Africa Charles Neill, Professor, Department of Business Administration, The British University in Egypt, El Sherouk, Cairo Governorate, Egypt Cornelia Pop, Full professor at the Department of Business, Faculty of Business, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Michael Schratz, Professor, Institut für LehrerInnenbildung und Schulforschung, Dekan der School of Education, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, Austria Johann Tempelhoff, Professor, Research Niche for Cultural Dynamics of Water (CuDyWat), School of Basic Sciences, Vaal Triangle Campus of North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa Anthony Turton, Professor, Centre for Environmental Management & Director TouchStone Resources, University of Free State, South Africa Willie L. van der Merwe, Professor & Chair, Philosophy of Religion, Apologetics and Encyclopaedia of Theology & Professor Extraordinary, Stellenbosch University, South Africa, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Christi van der Westhuizen, Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Pretoria, South Africa Joke van Saane, Professor, Amsterdam Center for the Study of Lived Religion, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands Paul van Tongeren, Professor, Department of Philosophy, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands Robert G. Varady, Deputy Director and Research Professor of Environmental Policy, Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, United States of America Anné H. Verhoef, Associate Editor, Professor, Faculty of Arts: School of Philosophy, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa Xiao Yun Zheng, Professor & Assistant President of Yunnan Academy of Social Sciences (YASS), and Director, International Center for Ecological Culture Studies (ICECS-YASS), Yunnan Academy of Social Sciences, Kunming City, China Peer review declaration The publisher (AOSIS) endorses the South African ‘National Scholarly Book Publishers Forum Best Practice for Peer Review of Scholarly Books.’ The manuscript was subjected to rigorous two-step peer review prior to publication, with the identities of the reviewers not revealed to the author(s). The reviewers were independent of the publisher and/or authors in question. The reviewers commented positively on the scholarly merits of the manuscript and recommended that the manuscript be published. Where the reviewers recommended revision and/or improvements to the manuscript, the authors responded adequately to such recommendations. Research Justification E-Government is a multidimensional phenomenon that has undergone various evolutions, culminating in its increased complexity. Most of this complexity has been brought about by technologies that have a relatively short lifecycle. With the rapidly evolving conceptualisation of technologies and managerial tactics utilised in the realm of e-Government, it follows that the way e-Government is perceived, designed, deployed and employed in different contextual settings becomes difficult. A quick scan through literature, especially of articles dating back not more than three years in journals of high repute, demonstrates how much academic research is lagging behind industry in advancement of knowledge or ground-breaking innovations. There is, therefore, need for academia to up the game and explore contemporary applied topics in e-Government so as to be relevant to actual e-Government implementation. This book brings out current research and practice concepts, thereby articulating the research agenda for e-Government. When e-Government was first conceived, it was designed upon basic technologies where the emphasis was only on simple display of government information for citizens to read. Nowadays, e-Government design comprises many complicated modules such as upload and download consoles, two-way interaction consoles between citizens and government agents, integrated government business processes presenting the whole of government, and it does not solely depend on technology. The complexity of e-Government has now evolved to include political, cultural, economic, social and technical dimensions. Bringing all these difficult aspects together is so complicated that it needs carefully planned strategies informed by local contextual characteristics. Rapid evolution of technology demands that e-Government designs and implementation have to evolve to remain relevant. Although there is rapid evolution of e-Government design and implementation, many publications have not adequately delved into the contemporary and future trends of e-Government. The lack of adequate text on contemporary e-Government advancements has culminated in a serious dearth of appropriate information which could be used in the actual design and implementation of e-Government. For example, there has been an active advocacy on the need to open up government data to inculcate the culture of transparency, yet there are few basic publications on this topic which do not go into the details and contextual nuances of this topic. Unlike giving formulaic definitions and conceptual standpoints on many aspects of e-Government as is the case in many e-Government publications, this book will explore the frontiers of global knowledge value chains by discussing current and future dimensions of e-Government. For example, the book discusses the concept of data governance by exploring how actual opening up of government data can be achieved, especially in a developing world context.