CT DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION CT Pawcatuck River Watershed Bacteria TMDL FB Environmental and CT DEEP 9/18/2014 CONTENTS CONNECTICUT IMPAIRED SEGMENTS .............................................................................................................. 6 RHODE ISLAND IMPAIRED SEGMENTS ........................................................................................................... 11 LAND USE ..................................................................................................................................................... 17 SHELLFISH BED CLASSIFICATIONS, CLOSURES, AND LEASE LOCATIONS ...................................................... 19 WHY IS A TMDL NEEDED? ........................................................................................................................... 23 TRIBUTARIES AND LOADING .......................................................................................................................... 27 POTENTIAL BACTERIA SOURCES ................................................................................................................... 29 POINT SOURCES ............................................................................................................................................ 34 OTHER PERMITTED SOURCES ........................................................................................................................ 34 MUNICIPAL STORMWATER PERMITTED SOURCES ......................................................................................... 36 PUBLICLY OWNED TREATMENT WORKS ....................................................................................................... 41 NON-POINT SOURCES .................................................................................................................................... 42 STORMWATER RUNOFF FROM DEVELOPED AREAS ........................................................................................ 42 AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES .......................................................................................................................... 44 MALFUNCTIONING SEPTIC SYSTEMS AND ILLICIT DISCHARGES .................................................................... 44 WILDLIFE AND DOMESTIC ANIMAL WASTE .................................................................................................. 47 MARINAS ...................................................................................................................................................... 48 ADDITIONAL SOURCES .................................................................................................................................. 48 RIPARIAN BUFFER ZONES ............................................................................................................................. 49 CURRENT MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES ........................................................................................................... 51 RECOMMENDED NEXT STEPS ........................................................................................................................ 54 APPENDIX 1. FRESHWATER ENTEROCOCCI RESULTS ................................................................................... 102 APPENDIX 2. E.COLI MASS ANALYSIS OF FRESHWATER DATA ...................................................................... 107 APPENDIX 3. FRESHWATER CHEMISTRY RESULTS FROM TARGETED SAMPLING EFFORTS............................. 110 APPENDIX 4. SALTWATER CHEMISTRY RESULTS FROM TARGETED SAMPLING EFFORTS .............................. 118 APPENDIX 5. PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS AND PHARMACEUTICAL RESULTS ............................................. 123 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Impaired segments and nearby waterbodies in the Pawcatuck Sub-Regional Basin and Estuary based onthe Connecticut 2012 Integrated Water Quality Report and additional sampling information. ...... 8 Table 2. Rhode Island Impaired Segments and Water Quality Classifications in and adjacent to the Study Area .............................................................................................................................................................. 12 Table 3. Rhode Island Bacteria Water Quality Criteria ............................................................................... 13 Table 4: Sampling station location description for the impaired segments in the Pawcatuck River watershed and estuary .................................................................................................................................. 23 FINAL Pawcatuck River Watershed Summary September 2014 Table 5: Potential bacteria sources in the Pawcatuck River and Estuary .................................................... 30 Table 6: General categories list of other permitted discharges in Connecticut............................................ 34 Table 7: Permitted facilities within the Pawcatuck River watershed ........................................................... 35 Table 8: Industrial permits in the Pawcatuck River watershed and available fecal coliform data (colonies/100mL). (Not all permits in table 7 have available data) ............................................................. 36 Table 9: MS4 permit and locations in the Pawcatuck River watershed with E. coli Sample results ........... 38 Table 10: Water treatment plant fecal coliform (colonies/100 mL) data discharging to the Pawcatuck Estuary.......................................................................................................................................................... 41 Table 11: Summary of MS4 requirement updates related to the reduction of bacterial contamination from Stonington, CT (GSM000056) ..................................................................................................................... 53 Table 12: Bacteria (E. coli) TMDLs, WLAs, and LAs for Recreational Use .............................................. 57 Table 13: Bacteria (Fecal Coliform) TMDLs WLAs, and LAs for Shellfish Harvesting Areas. ................ 58 Table 14. Bacteria (Enterococci) TMDLs, WLAs, and LAs for Recreational Uses. ................................... 59 Table 15. Rhode Island Fecal Coliform Targets, Results and Percent Reductions...................................... 60 Table 16: Pawcatuck River Bacteria Data ................................................................................................... 61 Table 17: Segment 7: LIS EB Inner – Pawcatuck River, Stonington Enterococci Data ............................. 66 Table 18: Pawcatuck River Tributary (Lewis Brook) Bacteria Data ........................................................... 70 Table 19: Pawcatuck River Tributary (Lassell’s Brook) Bacteria Data ...................................................... 71 Table 20: Pawcatuck River Tributary (Kelly Brook) Bacteria Data ............................................................ 73 Table 21: Pawcatuck River Tributary (Hyde Brook) Bacteria Data ............................................................ 74 Table 22: Pawcatuck River Tributary (Iron Brook) Bacteria Data .............................................................. 76 Table 23: Segment 7: LIS EB Inner – Pawcatuck River, Stonington Fecal Coliform Data ........................ 77 Table 24: Segment 8: LIS EB Inner-Pawcatuck River, Stonington ............................................................. 86 Table 25: Segment 9: LIS EB Shore – Wequetequock Cove, Stonington ................................................... 97 Table 26: Segment 10: LIS EB Midshore, Stonington ................................................................................ 99 Table 3A. Freshwater General Chemistry Results ..................................................................................... 110 Table 3B. Freshwater Metals Sampling Results ........................................................................................ 114 Table 4A Saltwater General Chemistry Results ........................................................................................ 118 Table 4B. Saltwater Metals Results ........................................................................................................... 119 Table 5A. PCPP results in the Pawcatuck River ........................................................................................ 123 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Study locations in Connecticut ....................................................................................................... 5 Figure 2. CT DEEP and RIDEM staff during coordinated sampling trip .................................................... 14 Figure 3: GIS map of impairments and station locations for estuary segments included in this TMDL .... 15 Figure 4. Close up map of Recreation Impaired Estuary (E1_001-SB) featuring sampling stations .......... 16 Figure 5. GIS map featuring impairments and station locations of Freshwater segments .......................... 17 Figure 6: Land uses within the entire Pawcatuck River watershed ............................................................. 18 Figure 7: GIS map featuring land use for the Pawcatuck River watershed ................................................. 19 Pawcatuck River Watershed TMDL Page 3 of 123 FINAL Pawcatuck River Watershed Summary September 2014 Figure 8: GIS map featuring Shellfish Bed Classifications and Closures for the impaired segments in the Pawcatuck Estuary ......................................................................................................................................