22000055 EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTTAALL SSCCAANN AUGUST 2005 2005 Enviirronmenttall Scan TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE I. Demographic Trends Highlights.............................................................................................................1 A. Toronto Population..........................................................................................2 B. Age Structure of the Population.......................................................................3 C. Population Composition...................................................................................6 Immigration..............................................................................................6 Diversity...................................................................................................8 Language..................................................................................................11 Religion ....................................................................................................13 Income......................................................................................................14 D. Divisional Profiles...........................................................................................17 Recommendations/Implications for Police Service .............................................17 Chapter Appendix (Divisional Demographics)....................................................20 II. Crime Trends Highlights.............................................................................................................31 A. National Crime Trends.....................................................................................32 B. Interpretation of Police Reported Crime Data .................................................33 C. Level of Crime and Police Resources..............................................................34 D. Number of Crimes in Toronto..........................................................................35 E. Rates for Comparisons .....................................................................................38 F. Changes in Proportion of Major Offence Groups ............................................39 G. Crimes of Violence..........................................................................................40 H. Use of Weapons and Injury of Crime Victims.................................................40 I. Theft of Motor Vehicles and Break & Enter.....................................................42 Theft of Motor Vehicles............................................................................43 Break & Enter..........................................................................................44 J. Drug-Related Crimes ........................................................................................45 K. Organised Crime..............................................................................................48 L. Hi-Tech Crime and Identity Theft....................................................................52 M. Persons Arrested and Charged ........................................................................56 N. Trends Across Police Divisions .......................................................................60 O. Comparison with Other Canadian Cities .........................................................62 Recommendations/Implications for Police Service .............................................65 Chapter Appendix (Divisional Statistics).............................................................68 III. Youth Crime Highlights.............................................................................................................73 A. A Perspective on Youth Crime........................................................................74 B. Youth Criminal Justice Act..............................................................................76 The Youth Referral Program....................................................................77 C. Youth Crime in Canada....................................................................................77 Table of Contents i 2005 Enviirronmenttall Scan PAGE III. Youth Crime (cont’d) D. Youth Crime in Toronto...................................................................................80 Number of Youths Arrested......................................................................80 Number of Youths Arrested–By Gender & Major Offence Categories....82 Arrest Rates..............................................................................................84 E. Crimes Occurring on School Premises.............................................................86 Bullying ....................................................................................................88 F. Drug Use by Youths .........................................................................................89 Recommendations/Implications for Police Service .............................................90 Chapter Appendix (Persons Arrested by Age and Offence)................................92 IV. Victimisation Highlights.............................................................................................................95 A. Victimisation in Canada...................................................................................96 B. Reporting Victimisation to the Police..............................................................98 C. Victimisation in Toronto – Total and By Gender ............................................98 Criminal Harassment (Stalking)..............................................................102 D. Victimisation – By Age ...................................................................................104 Children and Youth – Violent Crime........................................................107 Elderly – Violent Crime...........................................................................110 E. Victimisation Within the Family......................................................................110 Children and Youth – Abuse ....................................................................110 Domestic Violence....................................................................................115 Elderly – Abuse ........................................................................................119 F. Hate/Bias Crime ...............................................................................................120 G. Victim Resources.............................................................................................123 Victim Services Program of Toronto.......................................................123 Victim/Witness Assistance Program (VWAP)..........................................124 Recommendations/Implications for Police Service .............................................124 V. Traffic Highlights.............................................................................................................127 A. Road Safety in Canada.....................................................................................128 Road Safety Vision 2010 ..........................................................................129 B. Toronto – Transportation Infrastructure Overview..........................................130 C. Traffic Volume in Toronto...............................................................................130 D. City of Toronto Cordon Count.........................................................................132 E. Traffic Management.........................................................................................134 Current and Future Trends......................................................................135 F. Traffic Collisions..............................................................................................137 G. Highway Traffic Act........................................................................................141 H. Aggressive and Distracted Drivers ..................................................................143 I. The RIDE Program and Impaired Driving........................................................145 The RIDE Program..................................................................................145 Table of Contents ii 2005 Enviirronmenttall Scan PAGE V. Traffic (cont’d) Impaired Driving......................................................................................146 J. Red-Light Cameras...........................................................................................149 K. Traffic Safety Initiatives ..................................................................................150 Recommendations/Implications for Police Service .............................................152 VI. Calls for Service Highlights.............................................................................................................153 A. Calls Received and Method of Response.........................................................153 B. Response Times ...............................................................................................155 C. Service Times...................................................................................................158 Recommendations/Implications for Police Service .............................................160 VII. Urban Trends Highlights.............................................................................................................163 A. The National Urban Approach.........................................................................164