PENGARUH MEDAN MAGNET TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS LIPID MIKROALGA Choricystis sp. LIPI-LBB13-AL045 UNTUK PRODUKSI BIODIESEL Achrimidiasti Oktariflani 1), Tri Saptari Haryani 1), Swastika Praharyawan 1) 1) Program Studi Biologi, FMIPA-UNPAK ABSTRACT Microalgae is one of the biological riches in Indonesian waters, especially in freshwater waters. The existence of microalgae at the moment becomes the main attraction for the world of research, especially in the field of biotechnology to produce biodiesel. Growth and productivity of lipid microalgae can be influenced by several factors, one of the influencing factors is the magnetic field. The study aimed to determine growth of microalgae and magnetic field effect on Choricystis sp. LIPI-LBB-AL045. The study used experimental method with microalgae Choricystis sp. LIPI- LBB-AL045 as samples tested and exposure to magnetic fields as testers. Treatments included microalgae cultivation exposed by treatment of variations in magnetic force 400, 1600, 4000, and 4800 gauss with a polar magnetic field S, calculated cell microalgae daily using haemocytometer for 9 days of observation. Parameters observed were microalgae growth and lipid productivity Choricystis sp. LIPI-LBB-AL045. The results showed that Choricystis sp. LIPI-LBB-AL045 which is exposed to pole magnetic field S (South) with magnetic power of 4000 gauss is able to achievegrowth of 0.2928 cells/day and capable of doubling the cell for 2.36 days, and result in lipid productivity of 49.36 0.91 mg/L/day. Thus it can be concluded that magnetic field effect on growth and lipid productivity of microalgae Choricystis sp. LIPI-LBB-AL045. Key Word: Microalgae, Biodiesel, Choricystis sp. LIPI-LBB13-AL045, Magnetic Field. DAFTAR PUSTAKA Adetola, TG. 2011. Effect of Nitrogen, Iron, and Temperature on Yield and Composition of Microalgae [Thesis]. Stillwater: Oklahoma State University Agustina, R. 2008. Fisiologi dan Anatomi Cocor Bebek (Kalanchoe Pinnata Pers.) yang Ditumbuhkan Di bawah Pengaruh Medan Magnet. Bandar Lampung: Universitas Lampung Aladjadjiyan, A. 2007. The Use of Physical Methods for Plant Growing Stimulation in Bulgaria.“Journal of Central European Agriculture”, Vol: 8, pp: 369-373 AlgaeBase. 2002. Choricystis minor (Skuja) Fott, 1976. Diakses<http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=Vd71f532b74beae52 &sk=0&from=results>padatanggal 25 Maret 2018 pukul 19.32 Arisanti, D. 2012. Produksi Karbohidrat, Protein, dan Lipid Mikroalga Terseleksi pada Kolam Sistem Raceway: Penggunaan Kombinasi Za-NaNO3 dan SP-36-K2HPO4 sebagai Unsur Hara N dan P [Tesis]. Bogor: IPB Bauer, LM., Costa JAV., Rosa, APC., and Santos LO. 2017. Growth Stimulation and Synthesis of Lipids, Pigments and Antioxidants with Magnetic Fields in Chlorella kessleri Cultivations. “BioresourcTechnol”, pp: 10-16 Bilalis, DJ.,Katsenions, N., and Efthimidaou, A. 2013. Investigation of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field as a Novel Organic Pre-sowing Method on Germination and Initial Growth Stages of Cotton.“Electromagn. Biol. Med”, Vol: 31, pp: 143-150 Borowitzka, MA. 1988. Fats, Oil and Hydrocarbons. “Micro-algal Biotechnology”. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Cardozo, AP., Bersano, JGF., andAmaral, WJA. 2007. Composition, Density and Biomass of Zooplankton in Culture Ponds of Litopenaeus Vannamei. “Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology”, Vol: 11, No: 1, pp: 13-2. Southern Brazil Chen, Y., Li, X., Sun, Z., and Zhou, Z. 2017. Isolation and Identification of Choricytic minor Fottand mass cultivation for oil production. Algal Research, pp: 142-148 Chisti, Yusuf.2007. Biodiesel from Microalgaee.“Biotechnology Andances”, pp: 294-306 Choochote, W., Paiboonsin, K., Ruangpan, S., Phauruang, A.2010. Effects of Urea and Light Intensity on the Growth of Chlorella sp. The 8th International Symposium on Biocontroland Biotechnology Davis, Albert Roy and Walter C. Rawis, Jr. 1974.Magnetism and its Effects on the Living System. New York: Exposition Press, pp: 21-24 Demirbas, A and Demirbas, M.F. 2011.Importance of Algae Oil as a Source of Biodiesel.“Elvesier”, Vol: 52, No: 1, Hal: 163-170 Dini, L and Abbro, L. 2005. Bioeffects of Moderate-Intensity Static Magnetic Fields on Cell Cultures.“Micron”, Vol: 36, pp:195-199 D’Oca, Marcelo G. Montes. 2011. Production of FAME from several Microalgae Lipid Extracts and Direct Transesterification of the Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Biomass and Bioenergy, pp: 33 Graneli, Enda., and Salomon, PS.2010.Factor Influenceing Allelopathy And Toxicity in Prymnesiumparvum. “Journal of The American Water Resources Association”, Vol:46, No:1. Amerika Hadiyanto dan Maulana Aziz.2012. Mikroalga Sumber Pangandan Energi Masa Depan. Semarang: UPT UNDIP Press, Hal: 1-2, 15-18 Halliday, D., Resnick, R., and Walker, J. Fundamentals of Physics-electromagnetism, 9thedn. USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc Hernawati, Wayan.,Sumardi., dkk. 2016. Pengaruh Pemaparan Medan Magnet pada Media Mandels yang Dimodifikasi terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Aktivitas Enzim Selulase Bacillus sp. “Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan”, Vol: 16, No: 2, Hal: 76-84. Bandar Lampung: Universitas Lampung. Diakses<http://jptonline.or.id>pada tanggal 2 Agustus 2017 pukul 07:03 Iqbal, M., Haq, Z.U., Jamil, Y., and Ahmad, M.R. 2012. Effect of Presowing Magnetic Trearment on Properties of Pea.“International Agrophysic”, Pp: 25-31. Bandung: Institut Teknik Bandung Jati, F., Johanes H., dan Vivi E.H. 2012. Pengaruh Penggunaan Dua Jenis Media Kultur yang Berbeda Terhadap Pola Pertumbuhan, Kandungan Protein dan Asam Lemak Omega 3 EPA (Chaetocerosgracilis).“Jurnal of Aquaculture Management and Technology”, Vol: 1, Hal: 221 -235. Surabaya: Institut Teknik Surabaya Kawaroe, M., Pratono, T., Sunuddin, A., dkk. 2010. Mikroalga Potensi dan Pemanfaatannya untuk Produksi Bio Bahan Bakar. Bogor: IPB Press Lannan, Eric. 2011. Scale-up of Algae Growth System to Cleanse Wastewater and ProduceOils for Biodiesel Production. “Master Thesis”. New York: Rochester Institute of Technology.Rochester Li, L., Kong, QX., Martinez, B., Chen, P., and Ruan, R. 2010. Culture of Microalgaee Chlamydomonas reinhardtiiin Wastewater for Biomass Feedstock Production. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Hal: 9-18 Li, Penglin. 2011. In Situ Biodiesel Production from Fast-Growing and High Oil Content Chlorella pyrenoidosa in Ricee Straw Hydrolysate. “Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Hal: 1-8. India: Institute of Science &Techonolgy Li, ZY.,Guo, SY., and Li, L. 2007. Effects of Electromagnetic Field on the Batch Cultivation and Nutritional Composition of Spirulinaplatensis in an air-lift Photobioreactor.“Bioresource Technol”, Vol: 98, pp: 700-703 Mata, TM., Almeida, R., and Caetano, NS. 2013. Effect of the Culture Nutriens on the Biomass and Lipid Productivities of Microalgae Dunaliella tertiolecta. “ChemEng Transact”, Vol: 32, pp: 973-978 Matthew, Farr. 2013. A Study on the Impact of Surface and Bulk Oxidation on The Recyclability of NdFeB Magnet (Neodymium).[Thesis]. United Kingdom: University Brimingham Menezes, R.S., Soares, A.T., Junior, J.G.M., et al. 2016. Culture Medium Influence on Growth, Fatty Acid, and Pigment Composition of Choricystis minor var. minor a Suitable Microalgae for Biodiesel Production. “Journal of Applied Phycology, Vol: 28, pp: 2679-2682 Pazur, A. and Scheer H. 1992.The Growth of Freshwater Green Algae in Weak Alternating Magnetic Fields of 7,8 Hz frequency. “Zeitschrift Fur Naturforschung”, Vol: 47, pp: 690- 694 Pelczar, MJ dan Chan ECS. 1986. Dasar-dasar Mikrobiologi. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press Poedjadi.A dan Supriyanti.F.M.T. 2009. Dasar-Dasar Biokimia.Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press Praharyawan, S., D.Y. Rahman., and D. Susilaningsih. 2016. Characterization of Lipid Productivity and Fatty Acid Profile of Three Fast Growing Microalgae Isolated from Bengkulu for Possible use in Health Application. “Journal of Tropical Life Science”.Vol: 6, No: 2, pp: 79-85 Rahmawati, S dan Gonggo, S.T. 2013. Sintesis Membran Elektrolit Kitosan Untuk Aplikasi Ion Litium. “Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sains dan Matematika II”, Hal: 302-305 Saragih, H., Tobing, J., dan Silaban, O. 2010. Meningkatkan Laju Pertumbuhan Kecambah Kedelai dengan Berbantuan Medan Magnetik Statik.“Prosiding Seminar Nasional Fisika”. Bandung: Universitas Advent Indonesia Vandamme, D., Foubert, I. and Muylaert, K. 2013. Floculation as a low-cost Method for Harvesting Microalgae for bulk Biomass Production. Trends in Biotechnology, Vol: 31, No: 4, Hal: 233-239 Wang.,Zeng., Guo., and Li. 2008. Effects of Magnetic Field on the Antioxidant defense System of Recirculation Cultured Chlorella vulgaris. “Bioelectromagnetics”, pp: 39-44 Widianingsih, R., Hartati, H., Endarwati, E., Yudiati.,dan V. R. Iriani. 2011. Pengaruh Pengurangan Konsentrasi Fosfat dan Nitrat Terhadap Kandungan Lipid Total Nannochloropsis sp. “Jurnal Kelautan”, Vol 16, Hal : 24-29. Lampung: Universitas Negeri Lampung Winaryo, B. 2009. Biodiesel Microalgae. Pahang: Islamic International University Malaysia .