The Korean Internally-Headed Relative Clause Construction: Its Morphological, Syntactic and Semantic Aspects Item Type text; Electronic Dissertation Authors Lee, Jeongrae Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 28/09/2021 06:40:45 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193783 THE KOREAN INTERNALLY-HEADED RELATIVE CLAUSE CONSTRUCTION: ITS MORPHOLOGICAL, SYNTACTIC AND SEMANTIC ASPECTS by Jeongrae Lee ________________________ Copyright © Jeongrae Lee 2006 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2006 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Dissertation Committee, we certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by Jeongrae Lee entitled The Korean Internally-headed Relative Clause Construction: Its Morphological, Syntactic and Semantic Aspects and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy ________________________________________________________Date: July 13, 2006 Heidi B. Harley ________________________________________________________Date: July 13, 2006 Simin Karimi ________________________________________________________Date: July 13. 2006 Andrew Barss ________________________________________________________Date: July 13, 2006 Rudolph C. Troike Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the candidate’s submission of the final copies of the dissertation to the Graduate College. I hereby certify that I have read this dissertation prepared under my direction and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement. ________________________________________________________Date: July 13, 2006 Dissertation Director: Heidi B. Harley 3 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This dissertation has been submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for an advanced degree at the University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this dissertation are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the copyright holder. SIGNED: Jeongrae Lee 4 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I have seen a phrase ‘Virtues over Skills’ in a book. Whenevern I think of that phrase, Heidi Harley will strike me first for the rest of my life. She has helped me with very insightful skills as a linguist, so I was surprised at her advices and issues she brought in every meeting with her. However, what really impressed me is her virtues. She knows how to make people enjoy their work. It was a big fortune to have her as my susung—a Korean word which means a respectful adviser or a mentor for the life. Also, I really thank Simin Karimi, Andy Barss and Rudy Troike for helping me out by pointing out important issues of my analysis which I have not even thought about before. I really want to thank them for reading my draft carefully and leading me to the right direction in an organized way. I can say that Department of Linguistics is the happiest department in University of Arizona and even in the world. Every faculty, every staff and every student seems like a family and I got impressed by their cooperation in any work. Besides the committee members, I am particularly indebted to Tom Bever, Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini, Diana Archangeli, Andrew Carnie, Sheila Dooley, Terry Langendoen, Janet Nicole, Adam Ussishkin, Natasha Warner, Andy Wedel, Elizabeth Winkler, Amy Fountain whom I have taken courses from or worked with. Also, I want to thank Scott Jackson, Shiaohui Chan, Azita Telegani and Gwanhui Yun. Whenever I encountered troubles for last 5 years, they showed me what friends are for and how to help each other. Also, for this dissertation, I want to thank Charles Lin for sharing his empirical work with me. I do not know how to thank my family enough. My respectful parents JongHoon Lee and Jaesoon Lee believed me, whenever a little daughter was depressed. My husband, Seungchan, is the person I owe the most while I have studied in Tucson. He showed me patience and love, while I prepare for my dissertation. I thank my 18-month-old daughter, Elena. Her shining smile always makes me happy and her humor gives me a big laugh. Also, I want to thank my sister Hwasook Lee and Jeonghee Lee for taking care of Elena, while I was in campus. To all of you, I want to dedicate this dissertation. 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ...........................................................................................7 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS...........................................................................8 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS..........................................................................9 ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................10 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION...............................................................12 1. 1. Basic Properties of the Korean IHRC Construction ................................. 12 1. 2. The Organization of the Discussion ........................................................ 20 CHAPTER 2. THE SYNTACTIC ASPECTS OF THE KOREAN RELATIVE CLAUSE CONSTRUCTION................................................25 2.1. The EHRC Construction........................................................................ 25 2.1.1. The Operator Movement Analysis: A Classical Matching Hypothesis.... 28 2.1.2. The Non-movement Analysis: Base-generation Approach ................... 35 2.1.3 Antisymmetry Analyses .................................................................. 37 2.1.3.1. Kayne (1994) ....................................................................... 37 2.1.3.2. Murasugi’s Anti-symmetry Analysis (2000) .............................. 39 2.2. The Syntactic Analyses of the IHRC Constructions................................... 45 2.2.1. LF head movement analysis............................................................ 47 2.2.2. LF head-in-situ: Referential Pronominal Analyses.............................. 67 2.2.3. LF head-in-situ: E-type pronominal analyses..................................... 77 2.3. Summary ............................................................................................. 97 CHAPTER 3. MORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE KOREAN IHRC CONSTRUCTIONS.........................................................................99 3.1. Introduction ......................................................................................... 99 3.2. The morpho-syntactic status of kes........................................................ 101 3.3. The Internal Structure of the Embedded Clause..................................... 115 3.3.1. Present Imperfectives: –nu- .......................................................... 119 3.3.2. Perfective marker –ø- .................................................................. 129 3.3.3. –te- as an imperfective past marker................................................ 134 3.4. Summary ........................................................................................... 146 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS - Continued CHAPTER 4. A PROPOSAL FOR THE SYNTACTIC STRUCTURE OF THE IHRC CONSTRUCTIONS .......................................................149 4.1. The Gist of the Proposal....................................................................... 149 4.2. Theoretical Background: Phase Theory................................................. 154 4.3. Two Semantic Heads: DP and vP .......................................................... 162 4.4. The Benefits of Phase Theory in IHRC Constructions............................. 174 4.5. Different Kinds of the Internal Head Noun in the IHRCs ........................ 196 4.5.1. Is the Relative Clause an Adjunct or a Complement in IHRC? ........... 204 4.6. Summary ........................................................................................... 214 CHAPTER 5. SEMANTIC ASPECTS OF THE KOREAN IHRC CONSTRUCTIONS ..................................................................................216 5.1. The Gist of the Proposal....................................................................... 216 5.2. Previous Studies on Semantic Aspects of the IHRC................................. 218 5.2.1. Y. Kuroda (1976, 1977; 1992) ....................................................... 218 5.2.2. Y. Kim (2002)............................................................................. 224 5.2.3. M. Kim (2004) ........................................................................... 231 5.3. The Proposals ..................................................................................... 246 5.3.1. The Formal Linking Problem........................................................ 246 5.3.2. Antecedent Hierarchy .................................................................. 248 5.3.3. The Coercion Effects from the Event Reading ................................. 254 5.4. Summary…………………………………….…………………………………265 CHAPTER 6.