Preface Those volumes contain papers contributed to 2011 International Conference on Chemical, Material and Metallurgical Engineering (ICCMME 2011) held on 23-25 December 2011 in Beihai, China. The objective of the conference is to provide a platform for professionals, academicians and researchers to exchange views, findings, ideas and experiences on chemical, material and metallurgical engineering. Each paper had undergone the careful peer-review before it is selected for publications in those volumes. We wish to thank all the authors for their papers and presentations in this conference and all reviewers for their efforts to review the papers as well as the sponsors. We are grateful to all the invited speakers who came to share their knowledge with us. We would also like to thank the members of the committee for their efforts in making the conference a complete success. The Organizing Committee of ICCMME 2011 All rights reserved. No part of contents of this paper may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of Trans Tech Publications Ltd, www.scientific.net. (#0-02/10/21,09:47:26) Sponsored by Guangxi University, China Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China Queensland University of Technology, Australia Conference Organization Consultative Committee Academician Prof. Yu Zhou, Harbin Institute of Technology, China Prof. Jianxin Xie, University of Science & Technology Beijing Prof. Shandong Tu, East China University of Science and Technology, China Prof. Weidong Huang, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China Prof. Yanfeng Chen, Nanjing University, China Prof. Xiang Xiong, Central South University, China Co-Chairmen Prof. Huaiyong Zhu, Queensland University of Technology, Australia Prof. Jianyi Kong, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China Prof. Yanxuan Wen, Guangxi University, China Prof. Jianmin Zeng, Guangxi University, China Local Organizing Committee Prof. Deguang Cao, Guangxi University, China Prof. Chenji Deng, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China Prof. Linjiang Wang, Guilin University of Technology, China Prof. Fuhou Lei, Guangxi University for Nationalities, China Prof. Jianmin Zeng, Guangxi University, China Technical and Organizing Committee Prof. Shahrum Abdullah, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia Prof. Katsuyuki Aoki, Toyohashi University of Technology, Japan Prof. AKM Nurul Amin, International Islamic University, Malaysia Prof. Jinglong Bu, Hebei United University, China Prof. Zhanyi Cao, Jilin University, China Prof. Deguang Cao, Guangxi University, China Prof. Zhong Cao, Changsha University of Science and Technology, China Prof. Laifei Cheng, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China Dr. Geng Chen, University of Washington, Seattle, USA Prof. Carlos Caceres, The University of Queensland, Australia Prof. Yongjin Chen, Kunming Univ. of Science of Technology, China Prof. Xinsheng Chai, South China University of Technology, China Prof. Mingqing Chen, Jiangnan University, China Prof. Wenbo Du, Beijing University of Technology, China Prof. Olaf Diegel, Auckland University of Techonoly, NTZ Prof. Chenji Deng, Wuhan University of Science and Technology Prof. Yunsheng Ding, Hefei University of Technology,China Dr. Mark Fong, Hong Kong Industrial Technology Research Centre Prof. Yuan Gao, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, China Prof. Hongzhen Guo, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China Dr. Yuantong Gu, Queensland University of Technology, Australia Prof. Jianwei Guo, Guangdong University of Technology, China Prof. Jingtao Han, University of Science & Technology Beijing , China Prof. Geun Jo Han, Dong-A Univeristy, Korea Prof. Yinghe He, James Cook University, Australia Dr. Xinjiang Hao, University of Birmingham, UK Prof. Zhiliu Hu, Guangxi University, China Prof. Toshio Haga, Osaka Institute of Technology, Japan Prof. Sihai Jiao, Research Institute, Baosteel, China Prof. Zhenglian Jiang, Research Institute, Baosteel, China Prof. Zhengyi Jiang, University of Wollongong, AU Prof. Yun-Hae Kim, Korea Maritime University, Korea Prof. Jianyi Kong, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China Prof. Sagar Kamarthi, Northeastern University, USA Prof. Kaimin Liang, Tsinghua University, China Prof. Hongliang Li, Qingdao University, China Prof. Shanqing Li, Research Institute, Baosteel, China Prof. Jong Kook Lee, Chosun University, Korea Prof. Xianghua Liu, Northeastern University, China Prof. Yongping Lei, Beijing University of Technology, China Prof. Fuhou Lei, Guangxi University for Nationalities, China Prof. Changsheng Li, Northeastern University, China Prof. Jia-Horng Lin, Feng Chia University, Taiwan Prof. Zili Liu, Guangzhou University, China Prof. Hongwei Liu, Queensland University of Technology, Australia Dr. Zhengxin Liu, National Insti. of Adv. Ind. Sci. & Tech., Japan Prof. Dehong Lu, Kunming Univ. of Science of Technology, China Dr. Chunsheng Lu, Curtin University of Technology, Australia Prof. Shaojian Ma, Guangxi University, China Prof. Ken-ichi Manabe, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan Prof. Kyung-Man Moon, Korea Maritime University, Korea Prof. Lihe Qian, Yanshan University, China Prof. Walid Mahmoud Shewakh, Beni Suef university, Egypt Dr. Jianjian Shi, Indiana University School of Medicine, USA Prof. Hiroyuki Takei, Toyo University, Japan Prof. Pengcheng Wang, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, China Prof. Linjiang Wang, Guilin University of Technology, China Dr. Dongbin Wei, University of Wollongong, Australia Dr. Gui Wang, The University of Queensland, Australia Prof. Yanxuan Wen, Guangxi university, China Prof. Kaiming Wu, Wuhan University of Science and Technology Prof. Jiannan Xiang, Hunan University, China Prof. Huiming Xiao, University of New Brunswick, Canada Prof. Qianwei Xu, Tongji University, China Prof. Anping Xu, Hebei University of Technology,China Dr. Xingzhong Yan, South Dakota State University, USA Prof. Qiaoqin Yang, University of Saskatchewan, Canada Prof. Mingshan Yang, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology Prof. Lin Yu, Guangdong University of Technology, China Prof. Jianmin Zeng, Guangxi university, China Prof. Zhen'ou Zeng, South China University of Technology, China Prof. Xuejun Zhang, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, China Prof. Shihong Zhang, The Institute of Metal Research, CAS Prof. Hongxi Zhu, Wuhan University of Science and Technology Prof. Raj Das, University of Auckland, New Zealand Prof. Ping Zou, Northeastern University, China Prof. Huai Zhu, Queensland University of Technology, Australia Prof. Chuanjian Zhong, State Univ. of New York at Binghamton, USA Prof. Huaiyong Zhu, Queensland University of Technology, Australia .