EMERGENCY NUTRITION ENCU/EWD/DPPA Addis Ababa QUARTERLY BULLETIN Tel. (011) 5 523556 e-mail:[email protected] (Third Quarter 2006) http://www.dppc.gov.et Emergency Nutrition Coordination Unit Early Warning Department (Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Agency) INSIDE SNNP REGION WOLAYITA ZONE (OFFA AND DAMOT WEYDE WOREDAS) Page 2 SIDAMA ZONE (DALE AND ALETA WONDO WOREDAS) Page 4 SILTI ZONE (DALOCHA WOREDA) Page 5 HADIYA ZONE (SHASHEGO WOREDA) Page 6 OROMIA REGION EAST HARARGHE ZONE (DEDER AND META WOREDAS) Page 7 This bulletin compiles the results from 14 surveys carried out in rural woredas WEST HARARGHE ZONE (DARO LEBU WOREDA) of Ethiopia between June and September 06. An additional 8 surveys were Page 8 conducted in the refugee camps of Ethiopia. Summary results for rural Ethiopia AMHARA REGION are presented in the graph below. SOUTH WOLLO ZONE (KALU AND DESSIE ZURIA WOREDAS) Nutrition Survey Results - June/September 2006 Page 9 Rural Ethiopia SOMALI REGION 18 . 0 16 . 0 AFDER ZONE (ELKERE AND HARGELLE WOREDAS) Page 12 14 . 0 12 . 0 AFDER AND LIBEN ZONES (DOLO ADO, DOLO BAY AND BARE WOREDAS - PASTORAL) 10 . 0 Page 13 8.0 LIBEN ZONE (MOYALE AND HUDET WOREDAS) 6.0 Page 14 4.0 REFUGEE CAMPS 2.0 Page 16 Prevalence of global acute malnutrition (%) 0.0 Offa Damot WeydeDalocha Daro Lebu D/AW MaizeShashego LZ Meta Deder Kalu Elkere & HargeleDessie ZuriaDO/DB/ Ba reD/AW Pas toral Coffee LZ SURVEY QUALITY CONTROL Page 18 Severe Malnutrition Moderate Malnutrition NUTRITION SURVEY DATABASE Page 20 ENCU September 30, 2006 Page 1 SNNP REGION WOLAYITA ZONE Offa and Damot Weyde Woredas Two surveys were conducted in flash floods in March or lack of rains. Wolayita zone, one in Offa and one in The livestock was reported to be in a Damot Weyde, as part of the regular good condition due to adequate pasture monitoring of Concern project areas. and water availability. The SMART method was used for the planning phase, resulting in sampling Conclusion: The prevalence of malnu- 40 clusters of 20 children for anthro- trition was low in both woredas, reflect- pometry and 40 clusters of 12 house- ing a satisfactory nutrition and food holds for mortality. security situation, and was typical for this time of the year. Historical data from Nutrition: The prevalence of global SC-UK NSP indicated a baseline preva- acute malnutrition was estimated at lence of malnutrition of 4.5-6.5% for the 3.6% and 3.8% with 0.2% and 0.1% late Belg (June-August) in Wolayita. severe malnutrition in Offa and Damot When compared to the last surveys con- Weyde respectively. Severe malnutri- ducted in December 05, the post-har- tion consisted solely of kwashiorkor, no vest season, with 4.7% GAM (CI: 7.3- marasmus were recorded. 13.1%) in Offa and 4.0% GAM (CI: 2.5- 6.4%) in Damot Weyde, there was no Health: The crude mortality rate was significant difference in the malnutrition 0.14 and 0.39 deaths/10,000/day in rates. Offa and Damot Weyde respectively. The under-five mortality rate was 0.47 Trend analysis: A total of 16 surveys and 0.69 deaths/10,000/day in Offa and had been conducted over the past 6 Damot Weyde respectively, below the years in Damot Weyde woreda with average for developing countries of 1 GAM ranging from 3 to 10%. The NSP deaths/10,000/day. Causes of death in baseline ranges for East Wolayita by both adults and children were related to season (reference year 1996) are 4.9- malaria. In these 2 woredas malaria 6.8% for post-harvest (PH=Dec.-Feb.), occurs throughout the year with 2 sea- 4.8-6.7% for early belg (EB=March- sonal peaks (Feb.-April and Oct.-Nov.). May), 4.7-6.5% for late belg (LB=June- Aug.) and 4.4-6.3% for kremt (K=Sept.- Food Security: Most of the population Nov.), and were plotted on graph 1 to of Offa and Damot Weyde lives in the allow comparison. The nutrition situation Wolayita Maize and Root Crop in Damot Weyde since 2000 was overall Livelihood Zone, which is described as similar to the NSP baseline, except for chronically food insecure, the severity the early belg season for 2003 and 2005 of which varies from year to year. Food where it was above the NSP reference access is highly seasonal depending values. Damot Weyde benefited from ENCU on rainfall patterns and crop produc- food aid and Productive Safety Net tion. Even in a year with relatively good Programme over the years under study, crop production the area receives food as shown in graph 2. aid. The hunger gap usually occurs Offa and Damot Weyde from February, when the main harvest Woredas from October-November is exhausted, until June, when the first green crop is The prevalence of malnutri- harvested. It was reported that the 05 tion was low with 3.6% in meher harvest was good while harvest- Offa and 3.8% in Damot ing of belg crops (green maize, beans, Weyde, and was typical for sweet potatoes, teff and sorghum) had this time of the year com- started in early June. The belg harvest pared to the NSP baseline was also expected to be good due to range of 4.5-6.5% for late adequate belg rains- except in some belg. lowlands kebeles affected either by ENCU September 30, 2006 Page 2 Graph 1: Damot Woyde Woreda Comparison of malnutrition levels and NSP baseline 12 10 8 6 GAM % GAM 4 2 0 LB 00 K 00 EB 01 K 01 EB 02 LB 02 K 02 EB 03 LB 03 PH 03/04 EB 04 LB 04 PH 04/05 EB 05 PH 05/06 LB 06 Upper NSP Damot Woyde Lower NSP Graph 2: Damot Woyde Woreda Food Aid and Productive Safety Net Programme 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 Rural Population (%) 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 FA PSNP In Offa woreda a total of 9 surveys had belg (EB=March-May), 4.5-6.4% for late been conducted over the past 4 years, belg (LB=June-Aug.) and 6.6-8.7% for with GAM ranging from 4 to 19%. The kremt (K=Sept.-Nov.), and were plotted NSP baseline ranges for West on graph 3 to allow comparison. Food Wolayita by season (reference year aid and Productive Safety Net 1996) are 4.2-6.0% for post-harvest Programme data by year are presented (PH=Dec.-Feb.), 5.4-7.4% for early on graph 4. Graph 3: Offa Woreda ENCU Comparison of malnutrition levels and NSP baseline 25 20 15 10 GAM % GAM 5 0 EB 03 K 03 PH 03/04 EB 04 LB 04 PH 04/05 EB 05 PH 05/06 LB 06 Upper NSP Offa Lower NSP ENCU September 30, 2006 Page 3 Graph 4: Offa Woreda Food Aid and Productive Safety Net Programme 25 20 15 10 5 Rural Population (%) Population Rural 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 FA PSNP Note: the NSF reference year refers that NSP baseline indicate the preva- to the year with the lowest prevalence lence of malnutrition in a population of malnutrition amongst the years which has received some food assis- where the population received below tance. average amounts of relief. This means SIDAMA ZONE Dale and Aleta Wondo Woredas Two surveys were conducted by ACF in 2 Maize LZ. CMR and U5MR were different livelihood zones across these below the alert thresholds of 1 and 2 woredas, one in the Coffee Livelihood deaths/10,000/day respectively. Zone and one in the Maize Livelihood Retrospective morbidity in children Zone. The SMART methodology was used over the past 2 weeks was estimated for the planning phase, resulting in sam- at 20% in both zones with diarrhea pling 30 clusters of 17 children for anthro- and fever being cited as the main pometry and 30 clusters of 17 households causes of morbidity. BCG coverage ENCU for mortality. was estimated at 56% in the Coffee LZ and 61% in the Maize LZ. Nutrition: The prevalence of global acute Estimated measles vaccination cov- malnutrition in the Coffee LZ was estimat- erage (by card and recall) was 94% ed at 16.5% with 3.1% severe malnutrition in the Coffee LZ and 98% in the and 1% kwashiorkor while it was estimat- Maize LZ while vitamin A supplemen- ed at 7.6% in the Maize LZ with 0.2% of tation was 89% and 91% respective- severe malnutrition and no cases of kwa- ly. shiorkor. There was a statistically signifi- cant difference in the malnutrition rates Food Security: Around 43% and between the 2 livelihood zones, with a sig- 60% of the population of Dale and nificantly higher prevalence of malnutrition Aleta Wondo respectively live in the in the Coffee LZ. No baseline data were Sidama Coffee Livelihood Zone while 27% of the populations of Dale and of Dale and Aleta Wondo available for these 2 livelihood zones. However, previous surveys were conduct- Aleta Wondo live in the Sidama Woredas ed in Dale woreda in December 05 and Maize Belt Livelihood Zone. The The nutrition situation in the April 05 with global acute malnutrition of Coffee LZ covers the midland areas Coffee LZ was critical with 5.3% (CI: 3.5-7.9%) and 16.0% (CI: 12.8- and is described as relatively food 16.5% GAM while in the 19.6%) respectively. secure despite huge disparities Maize LZ it was typical with between wealth groups, especially in 7.6% GAM.