SETTLE ENT OVE ENT In the mid 1880's, issues of the working poor caused One of the first three university settlement houses Not limited to Chicago, by 1913 there were 413 by urbanization, industrialization and immigration in England, Toynbee Hall saw a number of American settlement houses throughout the United States, were a catalyst for the Settlement Movement. visitors in its early years. Most famously, Jane Addams, including Boston. Two local Boston leaders, Robert Envisioned by Arnold Toynbee, a tutor at Balliol suffragette, abolitionist, pacifist and first American A. Woods and Vida Dutton Scudder visited Toynbee College, England, and his colleagues, the Movement woman to receive the Nobel Peace Prize, found Hall as religious students, and later brought the was a revolutionary and humanistic approach to social inspiration when she Settlement Movement to Boston. Woods became work which brought the social worker face to face visited Toynbee Hall in the head resident at Boston's first Settlement, with life in urban slums. Settlement workers would 1887-88. Jane Addams Andover House, in 1892. Woods, however, had live in settlement houses providing both education became attracted a contentious relationship with the immigrants and social services. Workers at Toynbee Hall, located in to settlement work he intended to help, often seeing them as London's East Side and named for Arnold Toynbee by through the faith of resistant to assimilation. Woods developed a friend and colleague Canon Samuel Barnett, practiced her father, a devout difficult relationship with the community, often Barnett's visionary mission "to learn as much as to Quaker. Addams saw antagonizing immigrants in his written work. teach; to receive as much as to give:' settlement work as a means to socially Many settlement workers, like Woods and reform the city and Scudder were inspired by their religion, a key bring loyalty back to motivator in the Boston Settlement Movement. the neighborhood. Ultimately, many would abandon the religious Addams began this aspect of their social work finding that it prevented municipal reform. Often settlement workers Jane Addams would become CourtesyHull HouseMuseum involved through work with Colleges and ToynbeeHall, England her Rockford Universities CourtesyHampstead Garden Suburb Archives College or engaged in classmate and social work as an friend, Ellen extension of their Gates Starr; own profession. they settled on Many middle a mansion of class women were the late Chicago drawn to work in citizen, Mr. settlement houses, Charles J. Hull, g1v1ng• • women an located near the opportunity to Robert Woods Bust CourtesyNortheastern University Libraries Ellen GatesStarr west side influence their local CourtesyLibrary of Congress community of Chicago. In September communities and 18, 1889, Hull House opened its doors society as a whole. to the community. In its heyday the Hull House saw about 2,000 visitors a week. EPHChildren Courtesy WestEnd Museum .