PROVINCIAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT ACEH 2010 Human Development and People Empowerment PROVINCIAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT ACEH ACEH REPORT DEVELOPMENT HUMAN PROVINCIAL 2010 Indonesia United Nations Development Programme Menara Thamrin Building, 8th Floor Kav. 3, Jl. M.H. Thamrin P.O. Box 2338, Jakarta 10250 www.undp.or.id BADAN PUSAT STATISTIK Government of Aceh Indonesia Provincial Human Development Report Aceh 2010 Human Development and People Empowerment BADAN PUSAT STATISTIK Government of Aceh Indonesia Provincial Human Development Report Aceh 2010 i ISBN: 978-602-96539-2-2 Manuscripts: BPS-Statistics, Provincial Government of Aceh, UNDP Indonesia Writer: Hugh Evans Layout/cover design: CV. Aksara Buana Photo by: Fakhrurruazi Published by: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Indonesia The analysis and policy recommendations of this report do not necessarily refl ect the views of the Provincial Government of Aceh, the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) or the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The report is an independent publication commissioned by the Provincial Government of Aceh, BPS, and UNDP under its Poverty Reduction Unit (PRU). The principal partner and executing agency of this project within the Provincial Government of Aceh is BAPPEDA. In drafting this document, UNDP PRU collaborated with a team of eminent consultants and advisers. The statistical tables of this report were prepared by BPS. The present report is the outcome of a series of open consultations, which were held in Aceh, involving the government, and civil society actors like the media, academia, and donors. ii Provincial Human Development Report Aceh 2010 Message from The UNDP Resident Representative his report was prepared at the request of the Government of Aceh and is the fi rst for a Tprovince in Indonesia, though others are planned to follow. Th e intention behind HDRs is to place human development at the forefront of the development agenda, both at the national and local level. Th ey provide an instrument which can be used to review progress, compare indicators of wellbeing among diff erent social groups, and identify those persons who are been left behind in the development process. Equally important, HDRs aim to spur debate on development priorities, enhance policy making and promote better use of public resources to realize improvements in people’s lives. Th e achievements made in Aceh are impressive, and go beyond what many persons would have imagined fi ve or six years ago in the immediate aft ermath of the confl ict and natural disaster. Des- pite the fears of some, the Peace Accords of 2005 have largely held, though more needs to be done. Th e unprecedented response from the global community aft er the tsunami of December 2004 has made it possible to repair most of the damage and destruction to physical infrastructure, although the healing of trauma from the loss of kin and suff ering during the confl ict still requires further support. Among the bigger challenges today are the need to resuscitate the economy in order to generate productive jobs for all, as well as the need to improve the quality and effi ciency of public services and ensure better access to these services by the poor and disadvantaged. Th e overarching message of this report is that an eff ective way to do this is by empowering people and local communities to decide themselves on the use of resources for local develop ment. Several precedents already exist in the province, and there are many other opportunities to extend the concept to a wider range of other sectors and services. Th e report provides numerous examples of how this can be done. While most of the comments and feedback received during the writing of this report have been favourable, some will no doubt express reservations about the recommend ations advocated here. Debate and discussion are welcome, and one of the goals of HDRs is to advance new ideas and reforms to current practice. We hope that this report achieves that goal and helps the government and people of Aceh to forge a better future for all its citizens. El-MostafaEl M t f Benlamlih B l UNDP Resident Representative Provincial Human Development Report Aceh 2010 iii Foreword of The Governor of Aceh Assalamu ‘alaikum Wr. Wb. he development eff orts, which are quite positive in the recent years, have contributed to the improvement in the quality of life for the people of Aceh province. With Aceh’s regional Tautonomy, the approach to this work has shift ed from a centralized eff ort to a decentralized one, placing human beings and families at the centre of this process. Success can be ensured by carefully paying attention to the principles of human development and strong support for the implementation of human rights (economic, social, cultural and political). Human development and community empowerment are essential platforms from which people gain the ability to develop options and opportunities. Community empowerment provides every person with knowledge and skills to live more prosperously and more respectfully. In the era of regional autonomy nowadays, where the leadership and management of Aceh’s development are very close to their targets, opportunities are open to carry out properly targeted and pro-marginalized development. By placing people at the centre of these eff orts, human beings are transformed from the object to the subject of development. Th e Aceh Human Development Report 2010 is expected to be a reference to implement a wide range of high-quality, independent and cultured community empowerment programmes, so as to be able to face challenges in advancing the province and contributing to promoting the Indonesian people and the humankind as a whole. Hopefully, the vision contained in this report can be used as a basic foothold in the creation and implementation of policies and plans with great success. Wassalamu ‘alaikum Wr. Wb Irwandi Yusuf Governor of Aceh iv Provincial Human Development Report Aceh 2010 Acknowledgements Th is report is the result of collaborative eff orts and extensive consultations with experts and practitioners in key government agencies and departments as well as civil society actors at the national and regional levels From the beginning, two main government Sofyan, Ir. Hamdani, Hasrati and Lestari agencies, namely the Provincial Government of Suci, provided the writing team with constant Aceh and the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), guidance and helped to organize meetings with were actively involved in the process. BPS and experts and practitioners within BAPPEDA and its offi ce at the Aceh provincial level, devoted other relevant local government departments. considerable time and resources to collect and process the wide array of data included in this report. Special Autonomy and Oil and Gas Secretariat Government of Aceh Th e team is also grateful for support and the inputs provided by Dr. Islahuddin, T. Harmawan Th e authors of this report express gratitude to and Taufi q C. Dawood. and appreciation for Irwandi Yusuf, Governor of Aceh, Husni Bahri Tob, T. Said Mustafa and Tabrani Usman. Contributors Background studies on a range of thematic issues BPS were conducted by Satish Mishra, Derry Habir, Alakh Sharma, Katrina Lee-Koo Prabowo, and Th e BPS team, headed by Wynandin Imawan, Wahiduddin Mahmud. We would like to thank meticulously checked the accuracy and consis- them for their research and insights. tency of the data. Th e team also provided valu- Patrick Barron, as a reader of this report, able analysis as to what human development provided excellent inputs to the fi nal draft of indices reveal as well as information about sta- the AHDR. A special acknowledgement goes tistical defi nitions and proposed methodolo- out to Gull Gulluova who assisted at every stage gies to guide us in preparing this report. We are of the report and consolidated all the data and enormously grateful to the BPS and its team, in statistics. Her contribution is indispensable. particular Nurma Midayanti and Tiodora H. S, as well as BPS staff in Aceh, including La Ode Marwan Hakim and Yudi Yos Elvin Advisory Group Th is report benefi ted greatly from intellectual BAPPEDA advice and guidance provided by an external advisory panel of experts. Th e panel comprised Th e BAPPEDA team, headed by Ir. Iskandar of Dr. Islahuddin, Harry Masyrafah, Dr. Saiful (and previously by Prof. Munirwansyah) and Mahdi, Prof. Yusny Saby, Dr. Ahmad Humam supported by core staff such as Marthunis Hamid, Ita Fatia Nadia, Arijanto Komari, Said Muhammad, Warqah Helmi, Syafrigani, Aulia Ikram, Ingrid-Kolb Hindarmanto, Jean-Piere Provincial Human Development Report Aceh 2010 v Paratore, Prof. Abdul Rahman Lubis, Amrina report and in the provision of inputs based on Habibi, Jeff Herbert and Safriza Sofyan. Other their areas of expertise. Special thanks are also participants included Arman Fauzi, Martin extended to UNDP Banda Aceh, in particular Vane, Rebecca B Domondon, Nur Aisyah Simon Field, Project Advisor UNDP Banda Usman, Dr. Nazamuddin, Saifuddin Bantasyam, Aceh, Fakri Karim and Ramon Hagad, as well Dr. Eka Sri Mulyani, Paul Greening, Vivi Sylvia, as Zulkarnain Lubis, Teuku Zulfi kar who Dahlan, Hamdani, Hanif Asmara, Elvida, Saiful supported the AHDR processes with high Mahdi and Harry M. professionalism and dedication. Th e report was carefully edited by Danielle Ide-Tobin. Th e beautiful photography included in this report UNDP was contributed by Fakhrurrazi. Th is report received funding support from Th e authors are also most appreciative of Beate the UNDP Technical Assistance to BRR Trankmann, UNDP Country Director, and Project and the Aceh Governance Transition Stephen Rodriques, UNDP Deputy Country Programme. Director for their leadership and vision. Th e report could not have been prepared Indispensable for the report was without the generous contribution of many Abdurrahman Syebubakar from UNDP’s individuals.