GROWTH AND INNOVATION IN OCEAN ECONOMY – GAPS AND PRIORITIES IN BALTIC SEA BASIN OBSERVATION AND DATA First Data Adequacy Report EMODNET Baltic Sea CheckPoint Total number of pages: 160 Leading partner: Danish Meteorological Institute Workpackage 15 D15.1 The first Data Adequacy Report Main authors Jun She, Jens Murawski, Kristine S. Madsen DMI Ciaran McLaverty, Margit Eero DTU Aqua Pekka Alenius FMI Darius Daunys, Sergej Olenin CORP/KU Stella-Theresa Stoicescu MSI/TUT Ralf Lindgren SMA Anders Soderberg, Åsa Johnsen SMHI Edited by Jun She, [email protected] A project funded by: EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DIRECTORATE--‐GENERAL FOR MARITIME AFFAIRS AND FISHERIES, MARITIME POLICY ATLANTIC, OUTERMOST REGIONS AND ARCTIC 1 Contents Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................... 6 1 The scope of marine data adequacy analysis ............................................................................................ 7 2 Methodology used in BSCP DAR ................................................................................................................ 8 3 Data adequacy analysis for offshore wind farm siting ............................................................................ 10 3.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 10 3.2 Data usage and requirements ......................................................................................................... 10 3.2.1 Weather and ocean data ................................................................................................................ 13 3.2.2 Biota data ....................................................................................................................................... 14 3.2.3 Seabed data .................................................................................................................................... 15 3.2.4 Human activity data ........................................................................................................................ 15 3.3 Data adequacy assessment ............................................................................................................. 16 3.3.1 Wind conditions .............................................................................................................................. 16 3.3.2 Water conditions ............................................................................................................................ 17 3.3.3 Biota conditions .............................................................................................................................. 19 3.3.4 Seabed conditions .......................................................................................................................... 20 3.3.5 Human activities ............................................................................................................................. 22 3.4 Conclusions ...................................................................................................................................... 26 References ................................................................................................................................................... 29 4 Data adequacy for marine protected areas ............................................................................................ 30 4.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 30 4.2 Data requirement assessment ........................................................................................................ 32 4.3 Data adequacy assessment ............................................................................................................. 34 4.3.1 Administrative data ................................................................................................................. 34 4.3.2 Physical variables ..................................................................................................................... 36 4.3.3 Conservation features ............................................................................................................. 41 4.4 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................ 45 References ................................................................................................................................................... 45 5 Data adequacy for Oil platform leaks ...................................................................................................... 47 5.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 47 5.2 Data requirement analysis..................................................................................................................... 47 5.3 Data adequacy assessment ............................................................................................................. 50 5.3.1 Winds at 10m elevation ........................................................................................................... 50 2 5.3.2 Physical variables: T, S, currents, sea level, sea ice ................................................................. 50 5.3.3 Coastline and Bathymetry ....................................................................................................... 51 5.3.4 Human activity data ................................................................................................................. 51 5.4 Conclusion and remarks .................................................................................................................. 51 References ................................................................................................................................................... 52 6 Data adequacy for climate change .......................................................................................................... 53 6.1 Data requirement assessment ........................................................................................................ 53 6.1.1 Description of challenge area “Climate change” ..................................................................... 53 6.1.2 Data usage and requirements of challenge area “Climate change” ....................................... 53 6.2 Data adequacy assessment ............................................................................................................. 57 6.2.1 Temperature and salinity ........................................................................................................ 57 6.2.2 Sea Ice ...................................................................................................................................... 59 6.2.3 Data from numerical models ................................................................................................... 62 6.2.4 Phytoplankton species ............................................................................................................. 66 6.3 Conclusions and discussions ............................................................................................................ 71 References ................................................................................................................................................... 72 7 Data adequacy for coastal protection ..................................................................................................... 74 7.1 Data requirement assessment ........................................................................................................ 74 7.1.1 Description of applications ...................................................................................................... 74 7.1.2 Data requirements ................................................................................................................... 75 7.2 Data adequacy assessment ............................................................................................................. 76 7.2.1 Tide gauge observations ................................................................................................................. 76 7.2.2 Sea level from models .................................................................................................................... 77 7.2.3 Remote sensing of sea level using satellite altimetry .................................................................... 78 7.3 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................ 78 References ................................................................................................................................................... 79 8 Data adequacy for fisheries management .............................................................................................. 80 8.1 Data requirement assessment ........................................................................................................ 80 8.1.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................