Kirby Knowle Castle, Heritage Statement, August 2016 1 Kirby Knowle Castle, Kirby Knowle HERITAGE STATEMENT August 2016 Project Ref: DK2016KNC001 Kirby Knowle Castle, Heritage Statement, August 2016 2 DR EMMA J. WELLS Maxwell House, Crabtree Hall Business Centre, Little Holtby, Northallerton, North Yorkshire DL7 9NY [email protected] www.ejwheritageconsultancy.co.uk All rights in this work are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form or by any mans (including without limitation by photocopying or placing on a website) without the prior permission in writing of Emma J. Wells Heritage Consultancy except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Applications for permission to reproduce any part of this work should be addressed to Dr Emma Wells at [email protected]. Undertaking any unauthorised act in relation to this work may result in a civil claim for damages and/or criminal prosecution. Any materials used in this work which are subject to third party copyright owner except in the case of works of unknown authorship as defined by the Copyright, Design and Patents Act 1988. Any person wishing to assert rights in relation to works which have been reproduced as works of unknown authorship should contact Dr Emma Wells at [email protected]. Emma J. Wells Heritage Consultancy asserts its moral rights to be identified as the author of this work under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. © Emma J. Wells Heritage Consultancy Kirby Knowle Castle, Heritage Statement, August 2016 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 7 1.1 Reason for the Report ............................................................................................................. 7 1.2 Authorship ............................................................................................................................. 7 2. POLICY AND GUIDANCE FRAMEWORK ............................................................................. 8 2.1 Legislation ............................................................................................................................. 8 2.2 Policy .................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2.1 National ....................................................................................................................... 8 2.2.2 Local ........................................................................................................................... 9 2.3 Guidance.............................................................................................................................. 12 2.3.1 National ..................................................................................................................... 12 3. METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................ 13 3.1 Compilation of Sources ........................................................................................................ 13 3.2 Assessment of Significance .................................................................................................. 13 3.3 Assessment of setting ........................................................................................................... 14 3.4 Assumptions and Limitations ............................................................................................... 14 4. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT ....................................................................................... 16 4.1 General overview ................................................................................................................. 16 4.2 Development of Kirby Knowle Castle .................................................................................. 17 5. CARTOGRAPHIC REGRESSION ........................................................................................ 21 6. BUILDING DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................ 23 6.1 Phase 1: 13thC ..................................................................................................................... 24 6.2 Phase 2: 16thC ..................................................................................................................... 26 6.3 Phase 3: 19thC ..................................................................................................................... 27 6.4 Phase 4: 20thC (several alterations) ....................................................................................... 27 6.5 Proposed Development Area: North Wing ............................................................................ 28 7. ASSESSMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE ..................................................................................... 33 7.1 Significance of Proposed Development Area: North Wing .................................................... 35 7.2 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................... 37 8. OUTLINE OF PROPOSED WORKS .................................................................................... 38 9. ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL IMPACT............................................................................. 40 10. BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................. 62 10.1 Sources ................................................................................................................................ 62 10.2 Websites .............................................................................................................................. 63 Kirby Knowle Castle, Heritage Statement, August 2016 4 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Location of Kirby Knowle Castle, Whinmoor Hill. ................................................................ 6 Figure 2 Location plan of Kirby Knowle Castle with HER data ......................................................... 17 Figure 3 Aerial photograph of Kirby Knowle Castle taken 1949 showing western elevation of north wing ................................................................................................................................................. 18 Figure 4 Layout of Kirby Knowle Castle in relation to description and phase development ................ 25 Figure 5 1838 tithe map by C. Greenwood ........................................................................................ 44 Figure 6 1854 (6 inch) 1st edition OS map ......................................................................................... 44 Figure 7 1893 (1:2,500) OS map ....................................................................................................... 44 Figure 8 1912 (1:2,500) OS map ....................................................................................................... 45 Figure 9 1952 (1:2,500) OS map ....................................................................................................... 45 Figure 10 1979 (1:2,500) OS map ..................................................................................................... 45 Figure 11 West elevation of Kirby Knowle Castle ............................................................................. 46 Figure 12 North wing........................................................................................................................ 46 Figure 13 South elevation ................................................................................................................. 47 Figure 14 Looking out over south lawn ............................................................................................. 47 Figure 15 Subterraneous passageway in northwestern most corner of cellar ....................................... 48 Figure 16 Remains of earlier construction phases including supposed allow loops in wall separating cellar ................................................................................................................................................ 48 Figure 17 Late medieval/early modern lintel and architrave of doorway allowing access to north and south wings ...................................................................................................................................... 49 Figure 18 Sowing second floor fireplaces sited in roof space of walls ................................................ 49 Figure 19 Reconstruction drawing of second floor fireplace, C.R. Greenwood, 2004 .......................... 50 Figure 20 Remaining tower flanking north and west wings ................................................................ 50 Figure 21 Late 19th century (c.1875) ‘Alterations and Additions to New Building for Charles Elsley Esquire’ by Mr Fowler Jones, Architect of west elevation showing original western entrance ............ 51 Figure 22 Early/mid 19th century photograph showing original west wing .......................................... 51 Figure 23 Carved lintel displaying Constable crest now in north garden wall ..................................... 52 Figure 24 Late 19th century photograph showing ruined state of north wing ....................................... 52 Figure 25 Basement Plan,