Technical Standard DRDA, Version 2, Volume 1: Distributed Relational Database Architecture (DRDA) NICAL H S C T A E N T D A R D [This page intentionally left blank] Open Group Technical Standard DRDA, Version 2, Volume 1: Distributed Relational Database Architecture (DRDA) The Open Group December 1999, The Open Group All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners. This documentation and the software to which it relates are derived in part from copyrighted materials supplied by International Business Machines. Neither International Business Machines nor The Open Group makes any warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. The Open Group shall not be liable for errors contained herein, or for any direct or indirect, incidental, special, or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material. Open Group Technical Standard DRDA, Version 2, Volume 1: Distributed Relational Database Architecture (DRDA) Document Number: C911 Published in the U.K. by The Open Group, December 1999. Any comments relating to the material contained in this document may be submitted to: The Open Group Apex Plaza Forbury Road Reading Berkshire, RG1 1AX United Kingdom or by Electronic Mail to: [email protected] ii Open Group Technical Standard (1999) Contents Chapter 1 The DRDA Specification................................................................... 1 1.1 The DRDA Reference................................................................................. 2 1.1.1 What it Means to Implement Different Levels of DRDA ................ 2 1.1.2 What it Means to Implement DRDA Level 4 ..................................... 2 1.1.3 What it Means to Implement DRDA Level 3 ..................................... 5 1.1.4 What it Means to Implement DRDA Distributed Unit of Work.... 8 1.2 The FD:OCA Reference ............................................................................. 12 1.3 DDM Reference ........................................................................................... 13 Part 1 Database Access Protocol............................................................. 17 Chapter 2 Introduction to DRDA........................................................................ 19 2.1 DRDA Structure and Other Architectures ............................................ 19 2.2 DRDA and SQL ........................................................................................... 19 2.3 DRDA Connection Architecture.............................................................. 20 2.4 Types of Distribution ................................................................................. 20 2.5 DRDA Protocols and Functions............................................................... 22 Chapter 3 Using DRDA—Overall Flows........................................................ 25 3.1 Introduction to Protocol Flows ................................................................ 25 3.1.1 Initialization Flows.................................................................................. 25 3.1.2 Bind Flows................................................................................................. 29 3.1.3 SQL Statement Execution Flows .......................................................... 31 3.1.4 Commit Flows .......................................................................................... 32 3.1.5 Termination Flows................................................................................... 34 Chapter 4 The DRDA Processing Model and Command Flows ...... 37 4.1 DDM and the Processing Model.............................................................. 38 4.2 DRDA’s Relationship to DDM ................................................................. 39 4.3 The DRDA Processing Model................................................................... 40 4.3.1 DRDA Managers...................................................................................... 40 4.3.1.1 SNA Communications Manager ....................................................... 40 4.3.1.2 SNA Sync Point Communications Manager................................... 41 4.3.1.3 TCP/IP Communications Manager.................................................. 41 4.3.1.4 Agent ....................................................................................................... 41 4.3.1.5 Supervisor .............................................................................................. 42 4.3.1.6 Security Manager.................................................................................. 42 4.3.1.7 Directory................................................................................................. 42 4.3.1.8 Dictionary............................................................................................... 42 4.3.1.9 Resynchronization Manager............................................................... 43 4.3.1.10 Sync Point Manager.............................................................................. 43 4.3.1.11 SQL Application Manager .................................................................. 43 DRDA, Version 2, Volume 1: Distributed Relational Database Architecture (DRDA) iii Contents 4.3.1.12 Relational Database Manager ............................................................ 45 4.3.1.13 CCSID Manager .................................................................................... 46 4.3.2 The DRDA Processing Model Flow ..................................................... 46 4.3.3 Product-Unique Extensions................................................................... 52 4.3.4 Diagnostic and Problem Determination Support in DRDA ........... 52 4.4 DDM Commands and Replies ................................................................. 54 4.4.1 Accessing a Remote Relational Database Manager.......................... 54 4.4.2 DRDA Security Flows............................................................................. 61 4.4.2.1 Identification and Authentication Security Flows......................... 61 4.4.3 Performing the Bind Operation and Creating a Package ................ 67 4.4.4 Deleting an Existing Package ................................................................ 72 4.4.5 Performing a Rebind Operation............................................................ 74 4.4.6 Activating and Processing Queries...................................................... 76 4.4.6.1 Fixed-Row Protocol.............................................................................. 78 4.4.6.2 Limited Block Protocol (No LOB Data in Answer Set)................. 85 4.4.6.3 Limited Block Protocol (LOB Data in Answer Set)........................ 90 4.4.7 Executing a Bound SQL Statement ...................................................... 96 4.4.7.1 Executing Ordinary Bound SQL Statements................................... 97 4.4.7.2 Invoking a Stored Procedure that Returns Result Sets ................. 100 4.4.8 Preparing an SQL Statement ................................................................. 108 4.4.9 Retrieving the Data Variable Definitions of an SQL Statement ..... 110 4.4.10 Executing a Describe Table SQL Statement........................................ 112 4.4.11 Executing a Dynamic SQL Statement.................................................. 114 4.4.12 Commitment of Work in DRDA........................................................... 116 4.4.12.1 Commitment of Work in a Remote Unit of Work.......................... 117 4.4.12.2 Commitment of Work in a Distributed Unit of Work................... 120 Chapter 5 Data Definition and Exchange ....................................................... 137 5.1 Use of FD:OCA............................................................................................ 137 5.2 Use of Base and Option Sets..................................................................... 138 5.2.1 Basic FD:OCA Object Contained in DDM.......................................... 138 5.2.2 DRDA FD:OCA Object ........................................................................... 140 5.2.3 Early and Late Descriptors..................................................................... 143 5.3 Relationship of DRDA and DDM Objects and Commands............... 145 5.3.1 DRDA Command to Descriptor Relationship................................... 145 5.3.2 Descriptor Classes ................................................................................... 149 5.4 DRDA Descriptor Definitions .................................................................. 151 5.5 Late Descriptors .......................................................................................... 152 5.5.1 Late Array Descriptors ........................................................................... 152 5.5.1.1 SQLCA with Data Array Description............................................... 153 5.5.1.2 Data Array Description for Multi-Row Inserts............................... 155 5.5.2 Late Row Descriptors.............................................................................. 155 5.5.2.1 Row Description for One Data Row ................................................. 156 5.5.2.2 Row Description for One Row with SQLCA and Data