Public Disclosure Authorized FEDERAL REPUPLIC OF NIGERIA IMO STATE RURAL ACCESS AND MOBILITY PROJECT (RAMP-2) ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) Public Disclosure Authorized FOR Public Disclosure Authorized THE REHABILITATION/ CONSTRUCTION OF 380.1KM OF RURAL ROADS IN IMO STATE August 2019 Public Disclosure Authorized Final ESIA for the Rehabilitation of 88 Rural Roads in Imo State under RAMP-2 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................................................... ii LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................................................. vii LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................... viii LIST OF PLATES ............................................................................................................................. viii LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................... ix EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................. x CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background................................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Project Development Objective ................................................................................................ 1 1.3 Project Components ................................................................................................................... 1 1.4 Purpose of ESIA ......................................................................................................................... 1 1.5 Objectives of ESIA ..................................................................................................................... 2 1.6 Technical Approach and Methodology for the ESIA ............................................................. 2 1.7 Structure of the ESIA ..................................................................................................................... 2 CHAPTER TWO: ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK ....................................... 3 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 3 2.2 Administrative Structures ......................................................................................................... 3 2.2.1 Federal Ministry of Environment ......................................................................................... 3 2.2.2 Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development .................................................. 3 2.2.3 National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA) . 3 2.2.4 Imo State Ministry of Environment (SMEnv) ..................................................................... 3 2.2.5 Local Government Authorities .............................................................................................. 4 2.3 Regulatory Framework ............................................................................................................. 4 2.3.1 National and State Legal and Policy Framework ................................................................ 4 2.4 International Laws and Treaties which Nigeria is a Signatory ............................................. 6 2.5 World Bank Group Environmental and Social Policies and Guidelines .............................. 7 2.5.1 World Bank Safeguard Policies ............................................................................................ 7 2.5.2 World Bank Group Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines ................................. 7 ii Final ESIA for the Rehabilitation of 88 Rural Roads in Imo State under RAMP-2 CHAPTER THREE: PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................ 9 3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 9 3.2 Description of the Project .......................................................................................................... 9 3.2.1 Proposed Scope of Work ...................................................................................................... 12 3.3 Project Activities and Schedules ............................................................................................. 13 CHAPTER FOUR: DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ENVIRONMENT AND BASELINE STUDIES ............................................................................................................................................. 15 4.1 Overview of Imo State ............................................................................................................. 15 4.2 Project Locations ...................................................................................................................... 15 4.2.1 Physical Description of Project Areas ................................................................................ 15 4.2.2 Biological Description of the Project Area ......................................................................... 17 4.2.3 Air Quality ............................................................................................................................ 19 4.2.4 Noise Level ............................................................................................................................ 19 4.2.5 Water Quality ....................................................................................................................... 19 4.2.6 Soil Quality ................................................................................................................................. 20 4.2.7 Environmental Problems in Project Areas ........................................................................ 20 4.3 Socio-economic baseline of Imo state .......................................................................................... 31 4.4 Socio-economic Environment of the Project Area ................................................................ 33 4.4.1 Methodology .......................................................................................................................... 33 4.4.2 Socio-economic Characteristics of the Project Area ......................................................... 33 CHAPTER FIVE: ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ................................................................................. 38 5.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 38 5.2 Impact Identification and Evaluation .................................................................................... 38 5.2.1 Impact Identification ............................................................................................................ 38 5.3 Description of Environmental and Social Impacts ................................................................ 39 5.4 Labor Influx, Gender Based Violence (GBV) and HIV/AIDS ............................................. 42 5.4.1 Labor Influx .......................................................................................................................... 42 5.4.2 Gender Based Violence ........................................................................................................ 43 5.4.3 GBV Risk Management Mechanisms ................................................................................. 43 5.4.4 HIV/AIDS Issues ................................................................................................................... 44 iii Final ESIA for the Rehabilitation of 88 Rural Roads in Imo State under RAMP-2 5.5 Mitigation and Enhancement Measures ................................................................................ 44 CHAPTER SIX: PROJECT ALTERNATIVES AND OPTIONS ................................................. 51 6.1 Project Alternatives ................................................................................................................. 51 6.1.1 Alternative Alignments ........................................................................................................ 51 6.1.2 Construction/rehabilitation of Existing Route ................................................................... 51 6.2 Development Options ............................................................................................................... 51 6.2.1 No Project Option ................................................................................................................. 51 6.2.2 Delayed Project Option ........................................................................................................ 51 6.2.3 Immediate Project Implementation .................................................................................... 52 CHAPTER SIEVEN: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ................ 53 7.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 53 7.2 Environmental