System Administration Guide: Volume 1 SAP® Adaptive Server® Enterprise 16.0 DOCUMENT ID: DC31654-01-1600-01 LAST REVISED: May 2014 Copyright © 2014 by SAP AG or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without the express permission of SAP AG. The information contained herein may be changed without prior notice. Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors contain proprietary software components of other software vendors. National product specifications may vary. These materials are provided by SAP AG and its affiliated companies ("SAP Group") for informational purposes only, without representation or warranty of any kind, and SAP Group shall not be liable for errors or omissions with respect to the materials. 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Contents CHAPTER 1: Overview of System Administration .......1 Roles Required for System Administration Tasks ..............1 Database Owner .............................................................3 Database Object Owner .................................................3 Performing System Administration Tasks ...........................4 System Tables ........................................................................5 Querying the System Tables ...........................................5 Keys in System Tables ....................................................6 Updating System Tables .................................................7 System Procedures ...............................................................7 Using System Procedures ..............................................8 System Procedure Tables ...............................................8 Creating Stored Procedures ...........................................9 System Extended Stored Procedures ................................10 Creating System ESPs .................................................10 Logging Error Messages .....................................................10 Connecting to SAP ASE ......................................................11 The interfaces File ........................................................11 Directory Services ........................................................12 LDAP as a Directory Service ........................................12 Multiple Directory Services ..................................13 LDAP Directory Services Versus the SAP Interfaces File ..................................................14 Security Features Available in SAP ASE ...........................14 CHAPTER 2: System and Optional Databases ...........17 Overview of System Databases ..........................................17 The master Database ...........................................................18 Controlling Object Creation in the master Database ....19 System Administration Guide: Volume 1 iii Contents Backing Up Master and Keeping Copies of System Tables .......................................................................19 model Database ...................................................................20 sybsystemprocs Database .................................................20 tempdb database .................................................................21 Creating Temporary Tables ...........................................21 sybsecurity Database ..........................................................22 sybsystemdb Database .......................................................22 sybmgmtdb Database .........................................................23 pubs2 and pubs3 Sample Databases ................................23 Maintaining the Sample Databases ..............................23 pubs2 Image Data ........................................................24 dbccdb Database .................................................................24 sybdiag Database ................................................................24 Determining the Version of the Installation Scripts .........24 CHAPTER 3: System Administration for Beginners .....................................................................................27 Logical Page Sizes ..............................................................27 Using “Test” Servers ...........................................................27 Planning Resources ......................................................28 Achieving Performance Goals ......................................28 Considerations When Installing SAP Products ................28 Allocating Physical Resources ..........................................29 Dedicated Versus Shared Servers ................................30 Decision-Support and OLTP Applications.....................30 Advance Resource Planning ........................................30 Operating System Configuration ...................................31 Backup and Recovery .........................................................31 Keep Up-To-Date Backups of the master Database .....32 Keep Offline Copies of System Tables .................32 Automating Backup Procedures ...................................33 Verify Data Consistency Before Backing Up a Database ..................................................................33 iv SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise Contents Monitor the Log Size .....................................................33 Ongoing Maintenance and Troubleshooting .....................34 Starting and Stopping SAP ASE ...................................34 Viewing and Pruning the Error Log ...............................34 Keeping Records .................................................................34 Contact Information ...................................................... 34 Configuration Information ............................................. 35 Maintenance Schedules ............................................... 35 System Information .......................................................35 Disaster Recovery Plan ................................................36 Additional Resources ..........................................................36 CHAPTER 4: Managing and Monitoring SAP ASE ....37 SAP Control Center for SAP ASE .......................................37 Configuration History Tracking ..........................................38 Configuring SAP ASE to Track Configuration Changes ..................................................................................38 Changes Captured ........................................................39 Querying ch_events ......................................................42 CHAPTER 5: Setting Configuration Parameters ........45 Modifying Configuration Parameters .................................45 Required Roles for Modifying Configuration Parameters .......................................................................46 Unit Specification Using sp_configure ..............................47 Global Versus Session Settings .........................................47 Getting Help Information on Configuration Parameters ..48 Using sp_configure .............................................................49 sp_configure Syntax Elements .....................................49 Issue sp_configure with the Configuration File .............50 Configuration File Naming Recommendations ....50 Read or Write the Configuration File with sp_configure ....................................................50 Edit the Configuration File ................................... 51 System Administration Guide: Volume 1 v Contents Start SAP ASE Using a Configuration File ..........53 The Parameter Hierarchy ..............................................53 User-Defined Subsets of the Parameter Hierarchy: Display Levels ...........................................................56 The Effect of the Display Level on sp_configure Output ..............................................................56 Performance Tuning with sp_configure and sp_sysmon ...............................................................57 Using Configuration Parameters in a Clustered Environment .............................................................57 sp_configure Output ...........................................................57 sysconfigures and syscurconfigs Tables ..........................59 Example syscurconfigs and sysconfigures Query ........60 Named Cache Configuration Parameter Group ................60 Dump Configuration Parameter Group ..............................61 Configuration Parameters ...................................................62 Alphabetical Listing of Configuration Parameters .........62 abstract plan cache ..............................................62 abstract plan dump ..............................................63 abstract plan load ................................................63 abstract plan replace ...........................................63 abstract plan sharing ...........................................64 additional network memory ..................................64 aggresive task stealing