BORAL ROOFING Build something great™ Roof Tiling Standards Guide Roof Tiling Standards Guide FEBRUARY 2013 Contents 1.0 Introduction 3 1.1 Standards 2.0 Fixing Recommendations 4 2.1 First Course 2.1.1 First Course Set Out 2.1.2 Concrete Tiles - NSW 2.1.3 Terracotta Tiles - NSW 2.1.4 Concrete Tiles - Vic 2.1.5 Terracotta Tiles – Vic 2.2 Standard Set Out – Concrete Tiles, NSW & Vic 2.3 Standard Set Out – Terracotta Tiles 3.0 Battening 5 3.1 General 3.2 Counter Battens 3.3 Bellcast Battens/Tilting Batten 3.4 Recommended Batten Sizes and Types 3.5 Batten sizes and Rafter Spacings (mm) 3.5.1 Batten Sizes and Rafter Spacing Table 3.5.2 Metal Battens 3.5.3 Acceptable Batten Nails Table 4.0 Sarking 7 4.1 General 4.2 Bushfire Attack Levels (BAL) 4.3 Typical roofing details requiring sarking: 4.4 Eaves 4.5 Anti-ponding board 4.6 Valleys 4.6.1 Valleys Detail 4.7 Hips 4.8 Sarking and Pitch Requirement 4.9 Sarking Important Notes 5.0 Tile Nailing and Other Fastening Materials 10 5.1 Concrete Tiles (Minimum Fixing) 5.2 Terracotta Tiles (Minimum fixing) 5.3 Fixing cut courses 6.0 Laying the Roof 10 6.1 Receipt of Tiles 6.2 Tile Profiles and Bond Pattern 6.3 Loading 6.4 Blending 6.4.1 Loading and Blending Detail 6.4.2 Visual inspection 6.5 Laying and Securing Tiles 6.6 Fixing Recommendations 6.6.1 Fixing Recommendations Table 7.0 Valleys 13 7.1 General 8.0 Bedding and Pointing 13 8.1 Bedding Mortar Mix 8.2 Good Mixing Practice: 8.3 Pointing Mortar 9.0 Ridge Systems 15 9.1 General 9.2 Bedding 9.3 Pointing 10.0 Barge/Gable Systems 16 10.1 General 10.2 Bedding and Pointing Gables 10.3 Barge Rolls 11.0 Steep Pitch Work 17 12.0 Minimum Pitch 17 12.1 Minimum Roof Pitch Table 13.0 High Winds/Terrain Categories 18 14.0 Party and/or Fire Wall Treatment 18 15.0 Roof and Job Completion 18 15.1 Pallets 2 1.0 Introduction Boral Montoro Pty. Ltd. trades as Boral Roofing. Roof tiling is the fixing of roof tiles to the exterior surface of a roof. Roof tiling work includes installation of battens, sarking, anti-ponding board, associated flashing, bedding and pointing of tiles. It also includes the installation of skylights, ventilators and the like, not involving structural alteration of roof members/components, to tiled roofs. This guide has been prepared to assist roof tilers in undertaking roof tiling work in conformance with Australian Standards. In addition to following the recommendation provided in this guide, roof tilers should determine to their own satisfaction that the roof tiling work has been completed to an acceptable standard. Important This document is a guide only and in no way infers any liability or responsibility on the part of Boral Roofing. The standards and codes referred to in this document are updated from time to time. Boral Roofing recommends that roof tilers independently verify that the roof tiling work has been undertaken in accordance with the current standards and codes. Unless noted, the contents of this guide refer to both concrete and terracotta roof tiles. 1.1 Standards • The “Building Code of Australia” • Australian Standard “Roof Tiles” AS 2049 • Australian Standard “Installation of Roof Tiles” AS 2050 • Australian Standard “Pliable Building Membranes and Underlays” Part 2, Installation Requirements, AS 4200.2: • Australian Standard “Wind Loads” AS 1170.2 • Australian Standard “Wind Loads for Domestic Housing” AS 4055 • Australian Standard “Construction of building in bushfire-prone areas” AS 3959 • Other local regulations that may apply. 3 2.0 Fixing Recommendations 2.1 First Course • The first course of tiles should be positioned to provide adequate projection over the fascia and into the gutter. This projection is normally 50mm for terracotta and concrete tiles ±15mm according to profile. • To allow for any distortion in the fascia line the first course should be set out using a string line. 2.1.1 First Course Set Out The first course set out will vary from state to state dependant on batten size and methodology used. 2.1.2 Concrete Tiles - NSW Measured from outside edge of fascia to the bottom edge of the 38mm wide batten. • Contour, Macquarie, Slimline, Linea and Vogue: 315mm set out. 2.1.3 Terracotta Tiles - NSW • French: 310mm set out • Shingle: 300mm set out • Swiss: 295mm set out Note: Failure to use correct set out will negate the bird bar on tile. 2.1.4 Concrete Tiles - VIC Measured from outside edge of fascia to the top edge of the tile batten. • Contour, Macquarie, Slimline, Linea, Striata and Uno: 355mm set out. 2.1.5 Terracotta Tiles - VIC • French: 340mm set out • Shingle: 330mm set out • Swiss: 325mm set out Note: Failure to use correct set out will negate the bird bar on tile. 2.2 Standard Set Out - Concrete Tiles, NSW & VIC • 75mm lap on tiles – maximum set out 355mm. • 100mm lap on tiles – maximum set out 330mm. 2.3 Standard Set Out - Terracotta Tiles • Set out of French, Shingle and Swiss tiles should be determined by the tiler on site at the time of installation. (As a guide only this would be: French and Swiss, 356mm, Shingle, 308mm. However, to allow for variances in all clay products, such as terracotta tiles, the tiles should be measured on site.) • To avoid terracotta tiles overriding on the main pitch of the roof when a change of pitch occurs, care must be taken to ensure correct set out is used at the roof break. 4 3.0 Battening 3.1 General • String line first course set out, parallel to the fascia. • Set out/batten spacing should be equal through out the roof planes. The tolerance shall not be greater than ± 5 mm. • Concrete tile head lap shall not be less than 75 mm. • Battens shall be aligned to within a tolerance of ±20mm in 4m. (AS2050) • Battens must be nailed on every rafter / truss intersection including multi ply trusses. • Nails are to penetrate the rafter / truss to a depth of at least 10 times the diameter of the nail used. • All battens, cut off on hip boards should be nailed. • All joins in battens should be nailed. • All batten joints should be staggered so there are at least two (2) clear battens between each butt joint on any rafter. • Battens should not be joined within the triangular area formed by the gable end and the steel bracing. • All battens fixed into valley battens or boards to be cut and nailed. • Ridge Batten: The top side of the Top Batten should not exceed 20mm from the face of the ridge board or the apex of a truss roof. This is to ensure the ridge is not bedded over nail hole of the tile. 3.2 Counter Battens • Counter battens are required regardless of the pitch on any roof where the ceiling lining is on top of the rafters • Counter battens are to be supplied and fixed by the builder. 3.3 Bellcast Battens/Tilting Batten • These are supplied and fixed by the builder. 3.4 Recommended Batten Sizes and Types • Batten sizes and types vary by region, depending on local practice, rafter spacing, timber availability, etc. The following table summarises suitable batten types and current practices. It is recommended that local authorities be consulted before final specification of battens as requirements may vary. • Battens that are warped, twisted, of uneven dimension, or excessively knotty, should not be used. • Where steel battens are to be used, refer to the batten supplier’s technical information. 5 3.5 Batten Sizes and Rafter Spacing 3.5.1 Batten Sizes and Rafter Spacing Table Rafter State Up to Up to 450mm to 450mm to 900mm 900mm Spacing 450mm 450mm 600mm 600mm Battern Type Hardwood Softwood Hardwood Softwood Hardwood Softwood NSW 38mm x 38mm x 38mm x 38mm x 50mm x 63mm x 25mm 28mm 25mm 38mm 38mm 38mm ACT 40mm x 38mm x 38mm x 38mm x 50mm x 63mm x 25mm 28mm 25mm 38mm 38mm 38mm Battern Size 50mm x 25mm VIC 50mm x 38mm x 50mm x 38mm x 50mm x N/A 25mm 38mm 25mm 38mm 38mm 3.5.2 Metal Battens Metal Top Span (T/S) 20: Rafter centres to 600mm Metal Top Span (T/S) 40: Rafter centres 600mm to 1200mm 3.5.3 Acceptable Batten Nails Acceptable Batten Nails Table: Unseasoned Hardwood Rafters (J2) Rafter Battern Wind Classification or depth N 1 N 2 N 3 N 4/C 1 C 2 C 3 truss (mm) spacing Field Edge Field Edge Field Edge Field Edge Field Edge Field Edge (mm) of of of of of of of of of of of of roof roof roof roof roof roof roof roof roof roof roof roof 450 28 A A A A A B A B B D D E 38 B B B B B B B D B D D F 600 38 B B B B B B C D D D D G 900 38 B B B B B D D F D G G F Legend: A = 1/50 x 2.8 diameter plain shank B = 1/65 x 2.8 diameter plain shank C = 1/65 x 3.05 diameter plain shank D = 1/75 x 3.05 diameter plain shank E = 1/65 x 3.05 diameter deformed shank F = 1/75 x 3.05 diameter deformed shank G = 2/75 x 3.05 diameter plain shank H = 2/75 x 3.05 diameter deformed shank Acceptable Batten Nails Table: Seasoned Softwood Trusses/Rafters (JD4) Rafter Battern Wind Classification or depth N 1 N 2 N 3 N 4/C 1 C 2 C 3 truss (mm) spacing Field Edge Field Edge Field Edge Field Edge Field Edge Field Edge (mm) of of of of of of of of of of of of roof roof roof roof roof roof roof roof roof roof roof roof 450 28 A A A A A C A E D F F G 38 B B B B B D C F E G G H 600 38 B B B C B F D G F H H I 900 38 B B B E D G F H G I I J Legend: A = 1/50 x 2.8 diameter plain shank B = 1/65 x 2.8 diameter plain shank C = 1/65 x 3.05 diameter plain shank D = 1/75 x 3.05 diameter plain shank E = 1/65 x 3.05 diameter deformed shank F = 1/75 x 3.05 diameter deformed shank G = 2/75 x 3.05 diameter plain shank H = 2/75 x 3.05 diameter deformed shank I = 2/75 x 3.75 diameter deformed shank J = 1/75 No 14 Type 17 Screw 6 4.0 Sarking 4.1 General • Sarking should be installed according to the sarking manufacturer’s published specifications and in accordance with Australian Standards AS 4200.2: Installation Requirements.