JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND TRANSPORT PHNOM PENH CAPITAL CITY KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA THE STUDY ON DRAINAGE AND SEWERAGE IMPROVEMENT PROJECT IN PHNOM PENH METROPOLITAN AREA FINAL REPORT VOLUME II MAIN REPORT DECEMBER 2016 CTI ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD. NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. KITAKYUSHU WATER SERVICE CO., LTD. GE JR 16-132 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND TRANSPORT PHNOM PENH CAPITAL CITY KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA THE STUDY ON DRAINAGE AND SEWERAGE IMPROVEMENT PROJECT IN PHNOM PENH METROPOLITAN AREA FINAL REPORT VOLUME II MAIN REPORT DECEMBER 2016 CTI ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD. NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. KITAKYUSHU WATER SERVICE CO., LTD. COMPOSITION OF FINAL REPORT VOLUME I: SUMMARY VOLUME II: MAIN REPORT VOLUME III: ANNEX Currency Exchange Rates used in this Report [Master Plan Stage] USD 1.00 = Riel 3,988 = JPY 119.64 Riel 1.00 = USD 0.00025 = JPY 0.030 JPY 1.00 = USD 0.0084 = Riel 33.3 (As of 1st April 2015) [Pre-Feasibility Study Stage] USD 1.00 = Riel 4,033 = JPY 122.85 Riel 1.00 = USD 0.00025 = JPY 0.030 JPY 1.00 = USD 0.0081 = Riel 33.3 (As of 1st December 2015) LOCATION MAP Cheung Aek Lake Discharged Water from Kop Srov Pumping Station Trabek Channel Tamok Lake Wastewater Treatment Facilities in Dye House Wastewater Treatment Facilities in Aeon Mall Water Quality Monitoring at Prek Thnot River Septic Tank (Under Construction) Septage Vacuum Truck Candidate Site of Cheung Aek STP PHOTOGRAPHS (1/2) Inundation in Wat Phnom Northern Area Inundation in Trabek Channel House near Trabek Pumping Station (In inundation) House near Trabek Pumping Station (No Inundation) Existing Drainage Channel (1/2) Existing Drainage Channel (2/2) Existing Pumping Station (Kop Srov Pumping Station) Existing Pumping Station (Tuol Sampeo Pumping Station) Box Culvert in Development Area (Under Construction) Pipe Cleaning by DSD PHOTOGRAPHS (2/2) Outline of Master Plan and Pre-Feasibility Study Item Contents Sewage Management (M/P) Target year 2035 Planning strategy PPCC is subdivided into three areas (Cheung Aek, Tamok and Other areas) and applicability of on-site and off-site treatment for the target year 2035, is evaluated. Planning frame Cheung Aek area: Population of 1,093,155 in the planning area of 4,701.9 ha. Tamok area: Population of 481,423 in the planning area of 6,019.2 ha. Other area: Population of 1,292,522 (Total Population of 2,867,100-1,093,155-481,423) Treatment system Cheung Aek area: Off-site treatment with combined system is applied. A STP is proposed with capacity of 282,000 m3/day. Conventional Activated Sludge Process (CASP) is applied for the STP. Tamok area: On-site treatment (Johkasou) is applied. Other area: Installation of septic tank, which is most popular sanitary device in PPCC, is recommended especially in households in which no toilet or pit latrine is equipped. Legal and Sewerage and Drainage Advancement Office under the director of DPWT/PPCC is institutional set-up proposed in the M/P, with the approach of “Start small and grow big”. After the establishment of the Advancement Office, phased implementation plan for establishing independent sewage implementing body, in parallel with human resource development, is proposed. Phased Phased implementation schedule is proposed up to year 2040 to equalize volume of implementation projects implemented in each period, as follows. schedule Cheung Aek area: Phased implementation, consisting of (i) Preparatory Project, (II) Phase 1 Project, (iii) Phase 2 Project and (iv) Phase 3 Project, is proposed. Tamok area: Installation of Johkasou is commenced in Medium-term and ended in 2040, the last year of Long-term period, to equalize number of installation of Johkasou. Project cost and Project cost: 1,025 million USD O&M cost Breakdown is as follows. Construction cost in Cheung Aek area : 450.1 million USD Construction cost in Tamok area : 396.2 million USD Administration cost and so on : 178.7 million USD O&M cost: 30.692 million USD/year Breakdown is as follows. Cheung Aek area : 14.895 million USD Tamok area : 15.797 million USD Financial and Financial evaluation: Sewerage charge, which is equivalent of 75% of water tariff, will economic evaluation be required in the ultimate stage of implementation of Cheung Aek and Tamok area to cover O&M cost. Economic evaluation: EIRR is estimated at 26.31% in the combination of treatment of Cheung Aek and Tamok area. Environmental and Significant environmental and social impacts such as resettlement are not anticipated social because proposed sewerage facilities in the M/P are installed in vacant public land or considerations under public roads. Negative impacts such as traffic interruption, noise, dust and vibration would be unavoidable during the construction stage. However, the impacts could be minimized by introducing counter measures such as setting up diversion road, sprinkling water and selecting low-noise and/or low-vibration type construction equipment as far as practicable. Sewage Management (Pre-F/S) Pre-F/S Pre-F/S is conducted targeting “Preparatory Project”, consisting of construction of a part of STP in Cheung Aek treatment area with capacity of 5,000 m3/day and sewer pipe of about 1,300 m. Project cost of the Project is estimated at 24.05 million USD and O&M cost is estimated at 0.41 million USD/year. Item Contents Drainage Management (MP) Target year 2035 Planning strategy PPCC is subdivided into 25 catchment areas and structural measures, consisting of drainage channels, pumping stations and regulation ponds, are proposed considering topographical conditions as well as availability of existing drainage facilities. Planning frame Planning area in the M/P is 621.73 km2 in total. Drainage facilities in the M/P are designed with return period of 5 years. Rainfall intensity of 5-year return period is 63.2 mm/ha or 112.3 mm/day. Proposed drainage Proposed drainage facilities are construction of (i) Drainage channel of 123 km, (ii) facilities Pumping stations in 6 locations and (iii) Regulation pond in 5 locations. Legal and Institutional and implementation framework in drainage management is already institutional set-up established to some extent through implementation of drainage improvement projects such as “The Project for Flood Protection and Drainage Improvement Project in Phnom Penh Capital City (Phase 1, 2 and 3)”. However, strengthening of institutional framework is proposed because the present framework is insufficient to smoothly implement a number of drainage projects proposed in the M/P, corresponding to rapid urbanization. Phased Based on the EIRR, 25 drainage areas are categorized into 4 groups by priority. Of the 25 implementation drainage areas, improvement works of drainage areas in 1st prioritized group are schedule implemented in the Project for Flood Protection and Drainage Improvement Project in Phnom Penh Capital City (Phase 4). Of the 2nd prioritized group, Pochentong East Drainage Area (No. 9 Drainage Area) is studied in the Pre-F/S. Other drainage areas are implemented after implementation of Pochentong East Drainage Area. Project cost and Project cost: 662.2 million USD O&M cost Breakdown is as follows. Construction cost : 506.5 million USD Administration cost and so on: 155.7 million USD O&M cost: 5.501 million USD/year Financial and Financial evaluation: Not implemented in the M/P due to the reason that cost for economic evaluation drainage management should be borne by PPCC. Economic evaluation: EIRR is estimated at 12.6%. Environmental and About 900 households are to be resettled in the implementation of the proposed projects social in the M/P, so detailed survey in the implementation stage will therefore be required to considerations minimize the resettlement. Negative impacts such as traffic interruption, noise, dust and vibration would be unavoidable during the construction stage. However, the impacts could be minimized by introducing countermeasures such as setting up diversion road, sprinkling water and selecting low-noise and/or low-vibration type construction equipment as far as practicable. Drainage Management (Pre-F/S) Pre-F/S Pre-F/S is conducted targeting “Pochentong East Drainage Area (No. 9 Drainage Area), consisting of construction of: (i) Box Culvert of 5,220 m, (ii) Inlet channel of 480 m, (iii) Pumping Station of 1 location (Capacity of 40 m3/s), (iv) Regulation pond of 1 location, as well as (v) Rehabilitation of drainage channel of 2,660 m. Project cost is estimated at 93.01 million USD and O&M cost is estimated at 1.23 million USD/year. EIRR is estimated at 12.7%. Location Map Photographs Outline of Master Plan and Pre-Feasibility Study TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents .................................................................................................................. i List of Tables ....................................................................................................................... ix List of Figures ................................................................................................................... xvi List of Photos ..................................................................................................................... xix Abbreviations ..................................................................................................................... xx Chapter 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1-1 1.1 Background