4th Grade – Virginia Studies SOL Review Packet Virginia – The 20th Century and Beyond 1. Many people from the United States and around the world migrated to _________________ for employment opportunities. A. North Carolina B. Virginia C. Kentucky D. Tennessee 2. The phrase “separate but equal” was used to justify the segregation of _________________. F. malls G. churches H. schools J. restaurants 3. Many people from the United States and around the world migrated to Virginia for ______________________________. A. sports opportunities B. equal housing opportunities C. employment opportunities D. social opportunities 4. Which word means “keeping races separated?” F. integration G. prejudice H. segregation J. discrimination 5. African Americans and other individuals joined in the ______________ in Virginia by participating in boycotts and sit-ins. A. Discrimination Movement B. Civil Rights Movement C. Integration Movement D. Massive Resistance Movement 6. How did African Americans participate in the Civil Rights Movement in Virginia? F. They participated in seminars supporting segregation G. They did not participate H. They participated in protests opposing integration J. They participated in boycotts and sit-ins 7. During World War II, which group of soldiers wanted full civil rights? A. African Americans B. Whites C. South Americans D. Japanese Americans 8. Which of these is NOT a form of protest? F. boycotts G. sit-ins H. elections J. picket lines 9. Which word means “forming opinions without knowledge of the facts?” A. integration B. discrimination C. segregation D. prejudice 10. Which of these is a reason that many people from the United States and around the world migrated to Virginia? F. employment opportunities G. equal housing opportunities H. sports opportunities J. gold-digging opportunities 11. What was “Massive Resistance” in Virginia? A. the resistance to grant religious freedom to Catholics B. the resistance to extend civil rights to African Americans C. the resistance to allow all women to vote in elections D. the resistance to allow children to work 18-hour days 12. Which word means “bringing people together?” F. integration G. prejudice H. segregation J. discrimination 13. Federal military installations employ many Virginians in which area of Virginia? A. Hampton Roads B. Richmond C. Shenandoah Valley D. Southwest Virginia 14. The three branches of Virginia’s government are the _________________. F. judicial, legislative, and executive G. athletic, academic, and social H. governor, burgesses, and colonists J. checks and balances, taxes, and judges 15. What branch of Virginia’s government is responsible for making the laws? A. judicial B. legislative C. executive D. tree 16. What branch of Virginia’s government is responsible for making sure that the laws are followed? F. legislative G. judicial H. executive J. checks and balances 17. A major part of Virginia’s economy is ____________________. A. foresting B. fishing C. coal mining D. tourism 18. In today’s society, which of these is commonly used to purchase goods and services? F. passbooks G. passports H. credit J. loans 19. Which of these is NOT a service that banks provide? A. lend money to customers B. issue credit cards C. provide checking accounts D. purchase houses for customers 20. What are two of Virginia’s major exports? F. apples and tobacco G. tobacco and cotton H. tobacco and poultry J. poultry and corn 21. In today’s society, a commonly used method to purchase goods and services is _____________________. A. passbooks B. passports C. loans D. credit 22. Virginia’s _______________________ system helps move raw materials to manufacturing centers and finished products to markets. F. education G. transportation H. communication J. technology 23. Who is in charge of the executive branch of Virginia’s government? A. the President B. the Governor C. the Governor’s Council D. the Chief Justice of the Virginia Supreme Court 24. Buying now and paying later is a form of ____________________. F. credit G. debit H. savings J. interest 25. What is the major export of the Allegheny Plateau region? A. ships B. coal C. textiles D. agricultural products 26. What is the major product of the Blue Ridge Mountain region? F. fish G. coal H. apples J. tobacco 27. What does the judicial branch of Virginia’s government do? A. enforce the law B. decide who should pay taxes C. makes the law D. decide whether or not laws agree with Virginia’s constitution 28. Arthur Ashe was the first African American from Virginia to play what professional sport? F. basketball G. football H. tennis J. baseball 29. Harry F. Byrd, Sr. was a Virginia governor and _________________. A. president B. U.S. Senator C. representative D. ambassador 30. Which Virginia governor led the Massive Resistance Movement against the integration of public schools? F. Harry F. Byrd, Sr. G. George Allen H. Douglas Wilder J. Lindsey Almond 31. The first African American governor in the United States of America was a Virginian named _____________________. A. L. Douglas Wilder B. Maggie Walker C. James Farmer D. Arthur Ashe 32. Harry F. Byrd Sr.’s policy for road improvements was known as _______________. F. “pay as you build” G. “pay as you go” H. “ride now, pay later” J. “tolls are the answer” 33. L. Douglas Wilder was the first African American to hold the office of ____________ in Virginia. He was also the first African American to hold this office in the United States. A. senator B. governor C. president D. mayor 34. Woodrow Wilson, the 28th president of the United States who wrote a plan for world peace, was born in _____________. F. North Carolina G. Virginia H. West Virginia J. Maryland 35. Separate water fountains and separate schools are two examples of ___________. A. segregation B. civil rights C. integration D. desegregation 36. One of the major leaders of the Civil Rights Movement was ______________. F. Harry F. Byrd G. Woodrow Wilson H. Martin Luther King, Jr. J. Franklin D. Roosevelt 37. Many Virginians were against integration and decided to fight against the Supreme Court’s ruling to integrate public schools. Their movement was called ______________. A. massive resistance B. abolitionist movement C. reconstruction D. emancipation 38. The first woman to become president of a bank was from Virginia and her name was ___________________. F. Pearl Bailey G. Maggie L. Walker H. Ellen Glasgow J. Rosa Parks 39. Treating people differently because of their race, sex, or religion is called ________________. A. boycott B. discrimination C. emancipation D. segregation 40. The 28th president of the United States was a Virginian named ______________. F. George W. Bush G. William Clinton H. Woodrow Wilson J. Harry Truman 41. Virginia is a leading manufacturer of textiles. One example of a textile product is _______________. A. steel B. clothing C. furniture D. insecticide 42. What branch of Virginia’s government is the Governor in charge of? _________________________. F. tree G. legislative H. judicial J. executive 43. The Tidewater region is famous for its _________________________. A. seafood B. federal military bases C. shipbuilding D. all of these 44. Tax money is used to pay for government services in Virginia. Who pays these taxes? F. only government employees G. all U.S. citizens H. only people who use the services J. all residents of Virginia 45. The northeast megalopolis is a string of urbanized areas extending along the ______________ coast from Boston to the Hampton Roads area. A. southern B. western C. eastern D. northern 46. Federal military installations employ many Virginians in which area of Virginia? F. Hampton Roads G. Richmond area H. Shenandoah Valley J. Southwest Virginia 47. The three forms of money are currency, coins, and ________________. A. credit cards B. passbook savings C. debit cards D. checks 48. Virginia’s ________________ system helps move raw materials to manufacturing centers and finished products to markets. F. education G. transportation H. communication J. technology 49. Buying now and paying later is a form of ___________________. A. credit B. debit C. savings D. interest 50. What is the major export from the Allegheny Plateau? F. ships G. coal H. textiles J. agricultural products 51. What part of the government is responsible for making the laws? A. legislative B. judicial C. executive D. national 52. What part of the government is responsible for enforcing the laws? F. national G. executive H. judicial J. legislative 53. What part of the government is responsible for deciding if laws are constitutional? A. legislative B. executive C. judicial D. national 54. The U.S. Supreme Court case that ruled segregation was unconstitutional is known as ___________________________. F. Rowe vs Wade G. Gore vs Bush H. Black vs Board of Supervisors J. Brown vs Board of Education 55. The policy that fought the integration of public schools in Virginia was called __________________________. A. civil rights B. segregation C. massive resistance D. pay as you go 56. What are the two parts of Virginia’s General Assembly? F. Governor and the Senate G. The Senate and the Supreme Court of Virginia H. The Supreme Court of Virginia and the House of Delegates J. The Senate and the House of Delegates 57. ____________________ was a military leader from Virginia who created an economic plan to ensure world peace after WWII. A. Martin Luther King, Jr. B. Woodrow Wilson C. George C. Marshall D. L. Douglas Wilder 58. __________________ was a lawyer and civil rights leader who worked for equal rights of African Americans. He played a key role in the Brown v. Board of Education decision. F. Harry F. Byrd G. Oliver W. Hill H. Arthur Ashe J. Maggie L. Walker 59. When this man was governor of Virginia, he promoted racial equality and appointed more African Americans and women to positions in state government than previous governors.