STANDARDS & GUIDELINES for Crochet and Knitting compiled by 07/13/15 • yarnstandards.com D643_YarnStandards2015_7 Standards & Guidelines Contents he publishers, fiber, needle and hook Abbreviations — Crochet Master List . 1 manufacturers and yarn members of the Craft Yarn Abbreviations — Knitting Master List . 2 T Council have worked together to set up a series Skill Levels . 3 of guidelines and symbols to bring uniformity to yarn, Standard Body Measurements/Sizing . 4 needle and hook labeling and to patterns, whether they How to Measure . 5 appear in books, magazines, leaflets or on yarn labels. Size Charts . 6 Our goal is to make it easier for industry manufacturers, Baby . 6 publishers and designers to prepare consumer-friendly Child . 6 products and for consumers to select the right materials Youth . .. 7 for a project and complete it successfully. Woman . 8 We urge manufacturers, publishers and designers, to Man . 9 adopt these guidelines. Downloads of the graphic Head . 9 symbols are available at www.YarnStandards.com at no Foot . 10 charge. We ask that if you use them in any publication Standard Yarn Weight System . 11 that you advise us in an e-mail of your intention to use Système standard de grosseur . 12 them and that the following credit line be given: Sistema de Peso Estandar para Estambre . 13 Source: Craft Yarn Council’s Hooks & Needles . 14 www.YarnStandards.com Yarn Label Information . 15 Designer Standards & Guideline . 15 We received valuable input from allied associations in the United States, such as The National NeedleArts You Want to Submit a Project Idea… Association, the Crochet Guild of America, and The Where Do You Start? . .. 15 Knitting Guild Association, as well as designers and Designer Pitfalls . .. 16 consumers. Ultimately, our objective is to design Industry STANDARDS & GUIDELINES for Designers . 17 global standards and guidelines that will be used by Congratulations! . 17 companies worldwide. To this end, we have reached out Before you begin the project . 17 to individuals, manufacturers and trade associations in What to Submit… . 18 the United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, France, as well as in Australia and New Zealand to ask for their input. Standards & Guidelines For Crochet and Knitting • YarnStandards.com Abbreviations — Crochet Master List Following is a list of crochet abbreviations used in patterns by yarn industry designers and publishers. The most commonly used abbreviations are highlighted. In addition, designers and publishers may use special abbreviations in a pattern, which you might not find on this list. Generally, a definition of special abbreviations is given at the beginning of a book or pattern. Abbreviation Description Abbreviation Description [ ] . work instructions within brackets inc. increase/increases/increasing as many times as directed lp(s) ���������� loops ( ) . work instructions within parentheses m . meter(s) as many times as directed MC ������������ main color * . repeat the instructions following mm. millimeter(s) the single asterisk as directed oz �������������� ounce(s) * * �������������� repeat instructions between asterisks p. picot as many times as directed or repeat from a given set of instructions pat(s) or patt .. pattern(s) " ������������������ inch(es) pc. popcorn alt �������������� alternate pm. place marker approx ���� approximately prev ���������� previous beg. begin/beginning rem. remain/remaining bet ������������ between rep ������������ repeat(s) BL or BLO .. back loop or back loop only rnd(s). round(s) bo �������������� bobble RS �������������� right side BP �������������� back post sc. single crochet BPdc. .back post double crochet sc2tog. single crochet 2 stitches together BPsc . back post single crochet sk. skip BPtr ���������� back post treble crochet sl st. slip sitich CA �������������� color A sp(s) . space(s) CB �������������� color B st(s). stitch(es) CC �������������� contrasting color tch or t-ch ... turning chain ch �������������� chain stitch tog ������������ together ch-. refers to chain or space previously made: e.g., ch-1 space tr ���������������� treble crochet ch-sp �������� chain space trtr. .triple treble crochet CL �������������� cluster WS. wrong side cm . centimeter(s) yd(s) . yard(s) cont . continue yo �������������� yarn over dc �������������� double crochet yoh ������������ yarn over hook dc2tog ���� double crochet 2 stitches together Abbreviation Differences in U.S. and dec ������������ decrease/decreases/decreasing United Kingdom (U.K.)/Canada. dtr �������������� double treble FL U.S. U.K. or FLO... front loop or front loop only single crochet (sc) ............ double crochet (dc) foll ������������ follow/follows/following half double crochet (hdc) .... half treble (htr) FP �������������� front post double crochet (dc) .......... treble (tr) FPdc. front post double crochet treble (tr)..................... double treble (dtr) FPsc ���������� front post single crochet double treble (dtr) ........... triple treble (trtr) FPtr ���������� front post treble crochet yarn over (yo) ................ yarn over hook (yoh) g. gram U.S. U.K./Canada hdc . half double crochet gauge........................ tension 1 Standards & Guidelines For Crochet and Knitting • YarnStandards.com Abbreviations — Knitting Master List Following is a list of knitting abbreviations used by yarn industry designers and publishers. The most commonly used abbreviations are highlighted. In addition, designers and publishers may use special abbreviations in a pattern, which you might not find on this list. Generally, a definition of special abbreviations is given at the beginning of a book or pattern. Abbreviation Description Abbreviation Description [ ] ���������������� work instructions within brackets pat(s) as many times as directed or patt.. pattern(s) ( ) ���������������� work instructions within parentheses pm. place marker in the place directed pop. popcorn * * �������������� repeat instructions following p2tog ������ purl 2 stitches together the asterisks as directed prev ���������� previous * . repeat instructions following the psso . pass slipped stitch over single asterisk as directed pwise �������� purlwise ” . inch(es) rem ���������� remain/remaining alt �������������� alternate rep.. repeat(s) approx ���� approximately rev St st. reverse stockinette stitch beg. begin/beginning RH �������������� right hand bet. between rnd(s). round(s) BO . bind off RS �������������� right side CA �������������� color A sk �������������� skip CB �������������� color B skp ������������ slip, knit, pass stitch over— CC �������������� contrasting color one stitch decreased cm. centimeter(s) sk2p. slip 1, knit 2 together, pass slip cn. cable needle stitch over the knit 2 together; CO . cast on 2 stitches have been decreased cont ���������� continue sl ���������������� slip dec ������������ decrease/decreases/decreasing sl1k . slip 1 knitwise dpn. double pointed needle(s) sl1p. slip 1 purlwise fl. front loop(s) sl st. slip stitch(es) foll . follow/follows/following ss . slip stitch (Canadian) g. gram ssk. slip, slip, knit these 2 stiches inc. increase/increases/increasing together—a decrease k or K �������� knit sssk . slip, slip, slip, knit 3 stitches together k2tog ������ knit 2 stitches together st(s). stitch(es) kwise �������� knitwise St st . stockinette stitch/stocking stitch LH �������������� left hand tbl . through back loop lp(s) ���������� loop(s) tog ������������ together m . meter(s) WS. wrong side M1. make one—an increase—several wyib. with yarn in back increases can be described as ”M1” wyif ���������� with yarn in front M1 p-st ���� make one purl stitch yd(s) . yard(s) MC ������������ main color yfwd �������� yarn forward mm. millimeter(s) yo �������������� yarn over oz �������������� ounce(s) yrn. yarn around needle p or P . purl yon ������������ yarn over needle 2 Standards & Guidelines For Crochet and Knitting • YarnStandards.com Skill Levels Skill Levels for Knitting 1 Projects for first-time knitters using basic knit Beginner / Débutant / Novicecia and purl stitches. Minimal shaping. 2 Projects using basic stitches, repetitive stitch Easy / Facile / Fácil patterns, simple color changes, and simple shaping and finishing. 3 Projects with a variety of stitches, such as basic Intermediate / Intermédiaire / Intermedio cables and lace, simple intarsia, double-pointed needles and knitting in the round needle techniques, mid-level shaping and finishing. 4 Projects using advanced techniques and Experienced / Experimenté / Experiencia stitches, such as short rows, fair isle, more intricate intarsia, cables, lace patterns, and numerous color changes. Skill Levels for Crochet 1 Projects for first-time crocheters using basic Beginner / Débutant / Novicecia stitches.Minimal shaping. 2 Projects using yarn with basic stitches, repetitive Easy / Facile / Fácil stitch patterns, simple color changes, and simple shaping and finishing. 3 Projects using a variety of techniques, such as Intermediate / Intermédiaire / Intermedio basic lace patterns or color patterns, mid-level shaping and finishing. 4 Projects with intricate stitch patterns, Experienced / Experimenté / Experiencia techniques and dimension, such as non- repeating patterns, multi-color techniques, fine threads, small hooks, detailed shaping and refined finishing. This Standards & Guidelines booklet and downloadable symbol artwork are available at: YarnStandards.com 3 Standards & Guidelines For Crochet and Knitting • YarnStandards.com Standard Body Fit Chart Very-close fitting: Actual chest/bust measurement