The PHILJA Judicial Journal The PHILJA Judicial Journal is published twice a year by the Research, Publications and Linkages Office of the Philippine Judicial Academy (PHILJA). The Journal features articles, lectures, research outputs and other materials of interest to members of the Judiciary, particularly judges, as well as law students and practitioners. The views expressed by the authors do not necessarily reflect the views of either the Academy or its editorial board. Editorial and general offices are located at PHILJA, 3rd Floor, Centennial Building, Supreme Court, Padre Faura St., Manila. Tel. No.: 552-9524 Telefax No.: 552-9628 Email: [email protected]; [email protected] CONTRIBUTIONS. The PHILJA Judicial Journal invites contributions. Please include author’s name and biographical information. The editorial board reserves the right to edit the materials submitted for publication. Copyright © 2010 by The PHILJA Judicial Journal. All rights reserved. For more information, please visit the PHILJA website at http://philja.judiciary.gov.ph. ISSN 2244-5854 SUPREME COURT OF THE PHILIPPINES CHIEF JUSTICE Hon. RENATO C. CORONA ASSOCIATE JUSTICES Hon. ANTONIO T. CARPIO Hon. CONCHITA CARPIO MORALES Hon. PRESBITERO J. VELASCO, Jr. Hon. ANTONIO EDUARDO B. NACHURA Hon. TERESITA J. LEONARDO-DE CASTRO Hon. ARTURO D. BRION Hon. DIOSDADO M. PERALTA Hon. LUCAS P. BERSAMIN Hon. MARIANO C. DEL CASTILLO Hon. ROBERTO A. ABAD Hon. MARTIN S. VILLARAMA, Jr. Hon. JOSE P. PEREZ Hon. JOSE C. MENDOZA COURT ADMINISTRATOR Hon. JOSE MIDAS P. MARQUEZ DEPUTY COURT ADMINISTRATORS Hon. NIMFA C. VILCHES Hon. EDWIN A. VILLASOR Hon. RAUL B. VILLANUEVA CLERK OF COURT Atty. MA. LUISA D. VILLARAMA ASSISTANT COURT ADMINISTRATORS Hon. THELMA C. BAHIA Hon. JENNY LIND A. DELORINO ASSISTANT CLERK OF COURT Atty. FELIPA B. ANAMA DIVISION CLERKS OF COURT Atty. ENRIQUETA ESGUERRA VIDAL Atty. MA. LUISA L. LAUREA Atty. LUCITA A. SORIANO PHILIPPINE JUDICIAL ACADEMY Board of Trustees Hon. RENATO C. CORONA Chief Justice Chair Hon. ANTONIO T. CARPIO Senior Justice, Supreme Court Vice Chair Members Hon. ADOLFO S. AZCUNA Hon. JOSE MIDAS P. MARQUEZ Chancellor Court Administrator Hon. ANDRES B. REYES, Jr. Hon. EDILBERTO G. SANDOVAL Presiding Justice, Court of Appeals Acting Presiding Justice, Sandiganbayan Hon. ERNESTO D. ACOSTA Hon. ANTONIO M. EUGENIO, Jr. Presiding Justice, Court of Tax Appeals President, Philippine Judges Association Hon. MARIE YVETTE D. DEDEL-GO Dean RAUL R. VILLANUEVA Presiding Judge, MTCC Br. 4, Iloilo City President, Philippine Association of Law Schools Hon. AMEURFINA A. MELENCIO HERRERA Founding Chancellor Emeritus Executive Officials Hon. ADOLFO S. AZCUNA Hon. JUSTO P. TORRES, Jr. Chancellor Vice Chancellor Hon. MARINA L. BUZON Executive Secretary Chiefs of Office Hon. JUSTO P. TORRES, Jr. Finance Office Hon. DELILAH V. MAGTOLIS Hon. MARINA L. BUZON Academic Affairs Office OIC, Philippine Mediation Center Office Associate Dean SEDFREY M. CANDELARIA Hon. THELMA A. PONFERRADA Research, Publications and Linkages Office Administrative Office Chairpersons, Curricular Departments Dean PACIFICO A. AGABIN Prof. RUBEN F. BALANE Constitutional Law Civil Law Hon. MAGDANGAL M. DE LEON Hon. EDILBERTO G. SANDOVAL Remedial Law Criminal Law Hon. JOSE MIDAS P. MARQUEZ Hon. HILARION L. AQUINO Court Management Ethics and Judicial Conduct Dean CESAR L. VILLANUEVA Dr. PURIFICACION V. QUISUMBING Commercial Law International and Human Rights Law Fr. RANHILIO C. AQUINO Prof. MYRNA S. FELICIANO Jurisprudence and Legal Philosophy Legal Method and Research Associate Dean SEDFREY M. CANDELARIA Atty. EMMANUEL L. CAPARAS Special Areas of Concern Court Technology Prof. ALFREDO F. TADIAR Hon. JAINAL D. RASUL Alternative Dispute Resolution Shari’a and Islamic Jurisprudence Justice Adolfo S. Azcuna Chancellor Prof. Sedfrey M. Candelaria Editor in Chief Editorial and Research Staff Atty. Ma. Melissa Dimson-Bautista Arsenia M. Mendoza Armida M. Salazar Jocelyn D. Bondoc Ronald Paz Caraig Christine A. Ferrer Joanne Narciso-Medina Sarah Jane S. Salazar Charmaine C. Saltivan Jeniffer P. Sison Circulation and Support Staff Romeo A. Arcullo Lope R. Palermo Daniel S. Talusig Printing Services Leticia G. Javier and Printing Staff VOLUME 12 ISSUE NO. 33 JANUARY-JUNE 2010 THE PHILJA JUDICIAL JOURNAL CONTENTS OFFICIALS OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE PHILIPPINES ....................... iv OFFICIALS OF THE PHILIPPINE JUDICIAL ACADEMY ................................. v CHIEF JUSTICE REYNATO S. PUNO DISTINGUISHED LECTURES SERIES OF 2010 THE FIRST DISTINGUISHED LECTURE Program ............................................................................... 1 Lecture SIXTY YEARS BASIC LAW IN GERMANY: THE IMPACT OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT Professor Dr. Rudolf Dolzer .............................................. 5 Closing Remarks Chief Justice Reynato S. Puno ......................................... 38 THE SECOND DISTINGUISHED LECTURE Program .............................................................................. 45 Greetings Dean Cesar L. Villanueva ................................................ 49 Opening Remarks Justice Renato C. Corona ............................................... 51 Welcome Remarks Secretary Avelino I. Razon, Jr. ......................................... 54 CONTENTS Lecture COMPARATIVE PEACE PROCESS AND THEIR RELEVANCE TO THE PHILIPPINE SETTING Mr. Kelvin Ong ................................................................ 58 PEACEMAKING REQUIRES A MARATHON MENTALITY: REFLECTIVE PEACE PRACTICE FROM A FILIPINO PERSPECTIVE Professor Edmundo G. Garcia .......................................... 69 I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................... 70 II. DRAWING LESSONS FROM DIVERSE EXPERIENCES ON THE GROUND ................................ 75 III. LINKING PEACE PROCESSES WITH THE RULE OF LAW, THE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE AND THE PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS ................................... 84 IV. CONSTITUTION-MAKING TO CONSOLIDATE PEACE: POSSIBLE PATHS ........................................................... 92 V. C ONCLUDING CALL TO CHARACTER, CONSCIENCE AND COURAGE .... 94 ANOTHER PATH TO LEARNING LESSONS FROM COMPARATIVE PROCESSES AS ANNEX: REFLECTING ON THE PHASES AND PRIORITIES OF THE MARATHON JOURNEY ....................................................... 96 Closing Remarks Chief Justice Reynato S. Puno ...................................... 100 THE THIRD DISTINGUISHED LECTURE Program .............................................................................. 103 Opening Remarks Justice Antonio T. Carpio ................................................. 107 Welcome Remarks Atty. Avelino V. Cruz ........................................................ 111 CONTENTS Lecture THE ASEAN CHARTER AND THE BUILDING OF AN ASEAN COMMUNITY Ambassador Rosario Gonzalez-Manalo ............................ 116 I. THE ASEAN CHARTER: THE WAY FORWARD ........................ 119 II. THE THREE PILLARS OF THE ASEAN COMMUNITY ................. 121 III. TOWARDS A RULES-BASED ORGANIZATION ............................. 127 IV. CONCLUSION ................................................................. 131 Reactions THE ASEAN CHARTER AND THE BUILDING OF AN ASEAN COMMUNITY Mr. Jeffrey Chan Wah Teck, S.C. ...................................... 132 Ambassador Alistair Bell MacDonald ............................... 145 Closing Remarks Chief Justice Reynato S. Puno ......................................... 156 THE FOURTH DISTINGUISHED LECTURE Program .............................................................................. 161 Lecture THE JUDICIAL PHILOSOPHY OF THE PUNO COURT Dean Pacifico A. Agabin ................................................ 163 I. DEFINING TERMS ........................................................... 164 Closing Remarks PLANTING THE SEEDS OF HOPE Chief Justice Reynato S. Puno ......................................... 189 ACKNOWLEDGMENT The Supreme Court of the Philippines would like to thank the officials, faculty, staff, and student body of the Ateneo de Manila Law School; the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP); Konrad Adenauer Stiftung; ASEAN Law Association (ALA); and the Office of the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process (OPAPP) for their generous and committed support that contributed to the success of the series. Supreme Court of the Philippines Philippine Judicial Academy and the Konrad Adenauer Stiftung present the Chief Justice Reynato S. Puno First Distinguished Lecture Series of 2009 May 7, 2009, Thursday, 2:30 p.m. Court of Appeals Auditorium G/F Court of Appeals Centennial Building Maria Orosa Street, Manila and via Video Conferencing Supreme Court Session Hall Baguio City Royal Mandaya Hotel Davao City Program Ecumenical Prayer Philippine National Anthem SUPREME COURT CHOIR German National Anthem Greetings HONORABLE CONRADO M. VASQUEZ, JR. Presiding Justice, Court of Appeals Opening Remarks HONORABLE DIOSDADO M. PERALTA Associate Justice, Supreme Court Welcome Remarks MR. KLAUS PRESCHLE Country Representative, Konrad Adenauer Stiftung Message HIS EXCELLENCY CHRISTIAN-LUDWIG WEBER-LORTCH Ambassador, Federal Republic of Germany Musical Intermission SUPREME COURT CHOIR Introduction of the Lecturer HONORABLE ANTONIO EDUARDO B. NACHURA Associate Justice, Supreme Court LECTURE SIXTY YEARS BASIC LAW IN GERMANY: THE IMPACT OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT ON GERMAN DEMOCRACY PROFESSOR DR. RUDOLF DOLZER University of Bonn, Germany Panel of Reactors PROFESSOR RAUL C. PANGALANGAN U.P. College of