Joey Steil From: Leslie Jordan <[email protected]> Sent: Tuesday, September 25, 2018 1:13 PM To: Angela Ruberto Subject: Potential Environmental Beneficial Users of Surface Water in Your GSA Attachments: Paso Basin - County of San Luis Obispo Groundwater Sustainabilit_detail.xls; Field_Descriptions.xlsx; Freshwater_Species_Data_Sources.xls; FW_Paper_PLOSONE.pdf; FW_Paper_PLOSONE_S1.pdf; FW_Paper_PLOSONE_S2.pdf; FW_Paper_PLOSONE_S3.pdf; FW_Paper_PLOSONE_S4.pdf CALIFORNIA WATER | GROUNDWATER To: GSAs We write to provide a starting point for addressing environmental beneficial users of surface water, as required under the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA). SGMA seeks to achieve sustainability, which is defined as the absence of several undesirable results, including “depletions of interconnected surface water that have significant and unreasonable adverse impacts on beneficial users of surface water” (Water Code §10721). The Nature Conservancy (TNC) is a science-based, nonprofit organization with a mission to conserve the lands and waters on which all life depends. Like humans, plants and animals often rely on groundwater for survival, which is why TNC helped develop, and is now helping to implement, SGMA. Earlier this year, we launched the Groundwater Resource Hub, which is an online resource intended to help make it easier and cheaper to address environmental requirements under SGMA. As a first step in addressing when depletions might have an adverse impact, The Nature Conservancy recommends identifying the beneficial users of surface water, which include environmental users. This is a critical step, as it is impossible to define “significant and unreasonable adverse impacts” without knowing what is being impacted. To make this easy, we are providing this letter and the accompanying documents as the best available science on the freshwater species within the boundary of your groundwater sustainability agency (GSA). Our hope is that this information will help the GSA better evaluate the impacts of groundwater management on environmental beneficial users of surface water. To help the GSA take this first step, we are providing the following references: x Freshwater Species List. The excel file named for the GSA is a spreadsheet that includes a list of freshwater species found within the GSA’s jurisdiction. The list includes fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, plants, macroinvertebrates and mammals, and provides both the scientific (column C) and common (column D) names for each. The freshwater species list includes the conservation status for each species, indicating whether federal (column E) and/or state (column F) endangered species laws may apply to management of the species. The list also includes the sources of the data. Historical observations (pre-1980) and observations of extirpated species were excluded from the analysis. 1 To produce the freshwater species list, we used ArcGIS to select features within the California Freshwater Species Database version 2.0.9 within the GSA’s boundary. This database contains information on ~4,000 vertebrates, macroinvertebrates and vascular plants that depend on fresh water for at least one stage of their life cycle. The spatial database contains locality observations and/or distribution information from ~400 data sources. The database is housed in the California Department of Fish and Wildlife’s BIOS as well as on The Nature Conservancy’s science website. x Field/Column definitions. This table provides a definition for the column headings in the excel freshwater species list. The title of this file is “Field_Descriptions.xls”. x Data Sources. This document describes the data sources for each species in freshwater species list. The document, titled “Freshwater_Species_Data_Sources.xls”, provides the name of each source, citation and a link to the data source, if available. x PLoSONE Publication. As evidence that the California Freshwater Species Database is the best available science, we are attaching a peer-reviewed publication, which was the basis of the California Freshwater Species Database. The paper, which is attached as “FW_Paper_PLoSONE”, appeared in PLoSONE, an online scientific journal. This paper describes the methods used to compile the freshwater species database, and patterns of species richness (the density and diversity of species), endemism (species found only in a particular region) and vulnerability of freshwater species in California. Also attached is the supplemental material published in PLoSONE (FW_Paper_PLOSONE_S1, FW_Paper_PLOSONE_S2, FW_Paper_PLOSONE_S3, and FW_Paper_PLOSONE_S4). As next steps, we suggest three actions. First, please share these materials with your consultants and stakeholders, and use them as a starting point to identify environmental beneficial users of surface water. Second, contact staff at the Department of Fish and Wildlife (DFW), United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and/or National Marine Fisheries Services (NMFS) to obtain their input on the groundwater and surface water needs of the organisms on the GSA’s freshwater species list. Third, please visit the Groundwater Resource Hub at the end of the year, when we will be releasing a Freshwater Species Guidebook, which is under development by a collaboration of agencies and nonprofits, including TNC, CDFW, USFWS and NMFS. The Guidebook will provide a summary of information on each individual freshwater species, which should be useful in determining surface water needs and the habitat conditions needed to sustain these important resources. Given all that must be accomplished to meet SGMA deadlines, The Nature Conservancy is working hard to provide resources to make addressing environmental beneficial users of groundwater and surface water as simple and inexpensive as possible. With this freshwater species list tailored to the GSA, as well as the Indicators of Groundwater Dependent Ecosystems Database (also known by the Department of Water Resources as the Natural Communities Dataset), we hope to make the first, critical step in managing groundwater resources, which includes identifying environmental users, an easy SGMA requirement to satisfy. If you have any questions about these materials, please contact me or Jeanette Howard, [email protected] or 415-793-2096. Sincerely, Sandi Matsumoto Associate Director California Water Program [email protected] 916-596-6671 2 3 RESEARCH ARTICLE Patterns of Freshwater Species Richness, Endemism, and Vulnerability in California Jeanette K. Howard1☯*, Kirk R. Klausmeyer1☯, Kurt A. Fesenmyer2☯, Joseph Furnish3, Thomas Gardali4, Ted Grantham5, Jacob V. E. Katz5, Sarah Kupferberg6, Patrick McIntyre7, Peter B. Moyle5, Peter R. Ode8, Ryan Peek5, Rebecca M. Quiñones5, Andrew C. Rehn7, Nick Santos5, Steve Schoenig7, Larry Serpa1, Jackson D. Shedd1, Joe Slusark7, Joshua H. Viers9, Amber Wright10, Scott A. Morrison1 1 The Nature Conservancy, San Francisco, California, United States of America, 2 Trout Unlimited, Boise, Idaho, United States of America, 3 USDA Forest Service, Vallejo, California, United States of America, 4 Point Blue Conservation Science, Petaluma, California, United States of America, 5 Center for Watershed Sciences and Department of Wildlife Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America, 6 Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America, 7 Biogeographic Data Branch, California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Sacramento, California, United States of America, 8 Aquatic Bioassessment Laboratory, California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Rancho Cordova, California, United States of America, 9 School of Engineering, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America, 10 Department of Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America ☯ OPEN ACCESS These authors contributed equally to this work. * [email protected] Citation: Howard JK, Klausmeyer KR, Fesenmyer KA, Furnish J, Gardali T, Grantham T, et al. (2015) Patterns of Freshwater Species Richness, Abstract Endemism, and Vulnerability in California. PLoS ONE 10(7): e0130710. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0130710 The ranges and abundances of species that depend on freshwater habitats are declining Editor: Brian Gratwicke, Smithsonian's National worldwide. Efforts to counteract those trends are often hampered by a lack of information Zoological Park, UNITED STATES about species distribution and conservation status and are often strongly biased toward a Received: February 7, 2015 few well-studied groups. We identified the 3,906 vascular plants, macroinvertebrates, and Accepted: May 22, 2015 vertebrates native to California, USA, that depend on fresh water for at least one stage of Published: July 6, 2015 their life history. We evaluated the conservation status for these taxa using existing govern- Copyright: This is an open access article, free of all ment and non-governmental organization assessments (e.g., endangered species act, Nat- copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, ureServe), created a spatial database of locality observations or distribution information transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used from ~400 data sources, and mapped patterns of richness, endemism, and vulnerability. by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made Although nearly half of all taxa with conservation status (n = 1,939) are vulnerable to extinc- available under the Creative Commons