International Symposium on Advances in Nanoscience October 25-26, 2010 Campus Garching Center for Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials (ZNN) and TUM Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) ORGANIZERS The Symposium is hosted by Nanosystems Initiative Munich and TUM Institute for Advanced Study Gerhard Abstreiter, Hendrik Dietz, Jonathan J. Finley, Dirk Grundler, Alexander Holleitner, Paolo Lugli, Friedrich Simmel, Martin Stutzmann CONTACT Irmgard Neuner (Offi ce Prof. Gerhard Abstreiter) Walter Schottky Institut (TU München) Am Coulombwall 3 D-85748 Garching Tel: +49-(0)89-289-12771 Fax: +49-(0)89-289-12704 [email protected] VENUE TUM Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) and Center for Nanotechnology and Nanoma- terials (ZNN) of Walter Schottky Institut in Garching Content 3 | Introduction 5 | Invited Talks 31 | Poster Presentations 77 | Useful Information 78 | List of Participants 2 Advances in Nanoscience - Garching 2010 INTRODUCTION The “International Symposium on Advances in Nanoscience” is the Inaugural Symposium for the new center for nanotechnology and nanomaterials (ZNN) at the TUM in Garching that was offi cially opened on July, 19th, 2010. After a fast planning phase and only one year of construction, the building is now almost fully operational. It offers 2000 square meters of offi ces and laboratory space with modern equip- ment for nanoscientists of various directions. In the last few months, research groups have moved into the building and now start to work in several exciting areas of nanoscience, as they are also represented by the different sessions of this symposium – Quantum Nanosystems, Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano and Energy, and Bio-Nanoscience. These areas also represent the major research directions of the DFG funded Excellence Cluster “Nanosystems Ini- tiative Munich“ (NIM), where the ZNN researchers are heavily involved. The ZNN is an extension of the well-known Walter Schottky Institute (WSI) that was founded in Gar ching over 20 years ago. The extremely successful activities of the WSI led to a continuous demand for more lab and offi ce space, a trend that was considerably reinforced by the success of the Excellence Cluster NIM. This triggered the plan for a new building fully devoted to nanoscience. The concept for the new building was developed by Gerhard Abstreiter (WSI) and co-workers and was jointly funded by the Bavarian State and the Federal Government. While the main focus of the WSI still lies in semiconductor materials technology, in the ZNN modern nanofabrication techniques and research at the nano/bio interface will be more prominent. The ground fl oor will host a modern clean room facility for micro- and nanofabrication, and also instrumentation for the characterization of nanomaterials. The fi rst fl oor is devoted to cutting-edge optical and electronic experiments with solid state nanostructures, but also on hybrid nanosystems. The second fl oor contains “wet” labs and physical labs for research in bionanotechnology. Thus, the new building will be perfectly suited for internationally competitive, interdisciplinary research in nanoscience. Advances in Nanoscience - Garching 2010 3 Talks 4 Advances in Nanoscience - Garching 2010 INVITED TALKS Session 1: Quantum Nanosystems Session 3: Nano and Energy Experiments on the ultimate „Black Silicon“: Nanotextured Silicon two-dimensional electron system ...........................6 Surfaces for Photovoltaics ....................................20 Klaus von Klitzing Martin Stutzmann Graphene quantum circuits .....................................7 Role of Nanotechnology in Klaus Ensslin Third Generation Photovoltaics ............................21 Stephen Goodnick Exploring and harnessing cavity-QED phenomena in single and few quantum Nanostructured organic and dot photonic crystal nanostructures ......................8 hybrid solar cells ....................................................22 Jonathan Finley Lukas Schmidt-Mende Periodic Nanowire Structures................................10 Heusler Compounds: Erik Bakkers Novel Materials for Energy Applications ..............23 Claudia Felser Ga-assisted MBE grown GaAs nanowires and related quantum heterostructures TiO2-Nanotubes in Energy Research ....................24 for solar applications .............................................11 Julia Kunze Anna Fontcuberta i Morral Session 4: Bio-Nanoscience Session 2: Hybrid Nanosystems Synthetic Biology of Cell Division .........................25 Voltage-sustained self-oscillation of Petra Schwille a nanomechanical electron shuttle .......................12 Eva Weig DNA Nanotechnology for Protein Science ...........26 Hendrik Dietz Cooper-pair splitter: towards an effi cient source of spin-entangled EPR pairs .....................13 The Bio-Electronic Synapse – Christian Schönenberger Fusing Electronics with Molecular Biology ..........27 Uri Sivan Pure spin current based spintronics in metallic nano-structures ....................................14 Molecular Interactions on Yoshichika Otani Dynamically Actuated Surfaces and in Artifi cial Nanopores ....................................28 Carbon nanostructures Ulrich Rant for quantum spintronics ........................................15 Jörg Wrachtrup Stochastic gene expression and the decisive role of noise in microbial genetic networks .........29 Plasmonic control of elementary emitters ...........16 Joachim Rädler Joachim Krenn Nanoscale structures and molecular The perfect wave .....................................................17 devices made from DNA ........................................30 Achim Wixforth Friedrich Simmel Optoelectronic dynamics in hybrid nanoscale circuits ......................................18 Alexander Holleitner A Quarter Century of Quantum Dots: From Science to Practical Implementation ..........19 Yasuhiko Arakawa Talks Advances in Nanoscience - Garching 2010 5 Experiments on the ultimate two-dimensional electron system Klaus v. Klitzing and co-workers Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstraße 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany he title of the symposium “Advances in Nanoscience” provokes a presentation about the Tthinnest two-dimensional electron system known as graphene. The presentation will sum- marize own experiments on graphene mono- and bilayers (produced either by epitaxial growth or by exfoliation), including Raman experiments, magneto-transport results, TEM investiga- tions and ARPES data. The focus will be on transport measurements at low temperatures and strong magnetic fi elds. Session 1: Quantum Nanosystems Talks 6 Advances in Nanoscience - Garching 2010 Graphene quantum circuits K. Ensslin F. Molitor, J. Güttinger, S. Schnez, S. Dröscher, M. Hufner, A. Jacobsen, C. Stampfer, T. Ihn and K. Ensslin Laboratorium f. Festkörperphysik, ETH Zürich, Schafmattstr. 16, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland raphene quantum dots and constrictions have been fabricated by mechanical exfoliation of Ggraphene followed by electron beam lithography and dry etching. The single layer quality of graphene has been checked by Raman spectroscopy. The electron hole-crossover can be investigated by linear transport experiments as well as using non-linear effects in three-terminal junctions. A variety of nanostructures such as graphene constrictions, graphene quantum dots and graphene rings have been realized. Of particular interest is the electron hole crossover in graphene quantum dots, spin states as well as the electronic transport through graphene double dots. The goal is to establish the peculiar consequences of the graphene bandstructure with its linear dispersion for the electronic properties of nanostructures. Session 1: Quantum Nanosystems Talks Advances in Nanoscience - Garching 2010 7 Exploring and harnessing cavity-QED phenomena in single and few quantum dot photonic crystal nanostructures Jonathan Finley Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universität München, Am Coulombwall 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany olid-state cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) systems offer a robust and scalable plat- Sform for quantum optical experiments and may even provide a route towards “on-chip” photon based quantum information processing technologies. In particular, systems based on photonic crystal nanocavities containing one or more semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have developed at a rapid pace over the past few years. A diverse range of experiments have been reported in both the weak1 and strong2,3,4 coupling regimes of the light matter interaction. In the weak coupling regime, the direction and rate of QD spontaneous emission can be tailored1 and novel “non-resonant” dot-cavity coupling mechanisms have been identifi ed due to cavity enhanced few-particle scattering5 and phonon mediated processes6. In the strong coupling re- gime, the QD strongly modifi es the cavity spectrum due to the coherent exchange of energy be- tween dot and the vacuum radiation fi eld. Several proposals for scalable quantum information networks and quantum computation rely on such strongly coupled systems and have begun to exhibit measurable quantum (photon number) effects in atomic systems7, superconducting Session 1: Quantum Nanosystems circuit QED systems8 and QD cavity QED devices9. In this talk, I will discuss recent optical studies of single QD photonic crystal nanocavities op- erating in both weak and strong coupling regimes of the light matter interaction. Topics that will be addressed include (i) the observation of highly effi cient single photon generation inside a photonic bandgap and nano-cavity,