Restricted Distribution SHORELINE CHANGE ANALYSIS OF VIZHINJAM COAST USING SATELLITE IMAGES ANNUAL REPORT (October 2017 to September 2018) FOR ADANI VIZHINJAM PORT PVT LIMITED PREPARED BY Coastal and Environmental Engineering Division NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCEAN TECHNOLOGY CHENNAI OCTOBER, 2018 Comprehensive Shoreline Monitoring Programme NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OCEAN TECHNOLOGY (Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India) NIOT Campus, Velachery-Tambaram Road, Pallikkaranai, Chennai-600 100 Tel: +91 044 66783440, Fax: +91 044 22460275 Email: [email protected] Web: www.niot.res.in Report Summary Client Client’s representative Adani Vizhinjam Port Pvt Limited. Mr. Manoranjan Tripathy, DGM-Projects Vizhinjam International Seaport Dr. Jayakumar, Managing Director and CEO Limited. Project Project No. NIOT/CEE/1301 Shoreline change analysis study MoA NIOT-VISL-AVPPL dated 03.08.2017 using high resolution satellite SO No. 5700227001 dated 15/11/2017 images 1 Draft Report SSP/DSK BKJ MVR 31-October-2018 2 Final Report SSP/DSK BKJ MVR 03-January-2019 3 Revised Report- I SSP/DSK BKJ MVR 05-March-2019 4 Revised Report- II SSP/DSK BKJ MVR 09-April-2019 Revision Description By Checked Approved Date Key words Classification Open Internal Proprietary Distribution No of copies AVPPL/VISL 2 NIOT, Chennai. 1 ii Comprehensive Shoreline Monitoring Programme CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Previous Studies on sediment transport ................................................................... 2 2 OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................................... 5 3 METHODOLOGY & DATA USED ............................................................................... 6 3.1 Shoreline change analysis from Satellite images ...................................................... 7 3.1.1 Short Term Shoreline change analysis ................................................................. 7 3.1.2 Long Term Shoreline change analysis ................................................................. 7 3.1.3 Satellite image used in shoreline change analysis ............................................... 8 3.2 Beach Profile Analysis .............................................................................................. 11 3.3 Analyzing Beach Profiles in SANDS ....................................................................... 15 3.3.1 Profile Analysis by Level................................................................................... 15 3.3.2 Profile Analysis by Chainage............................................................................. 15 4 RESULTS AND ANALYSIS ......................................................................................... 16 4.1 Results for Shoreline Change Analysis from Satellite images .............................. 17 4.1.1 Results for Shoreline Change 2000-2018 .......................................................... 17 4.1.2 Results for Shoreline Change 2000-2010 .......................................................... 18 4.1.3 Results for Shoreline Change 2010- 2018 ......................................................... 19 4.1.4 Results for Shoreline Change 2000-2005, 2005-2010, 2010-2015, 2015-2018 20 4.1.5 Annual shoreline change study 2015-2018 ........................................................ 23 4.1.6 Seasonal Shoreline change analysis 2017-2018 ................................................ 25 4.1.7 Zones of high erosion and high accretion .......................................................... 28 4.1.8 Location specific Analysis ................................................................................. 30 4.2 Results from Beach Profile Analysis ....................................................................... 33 4.2.1 Monthly Beach Profile Variation ....................................................................... 33 iii Comprehensive Shoreline Monitoring Programme 4.2.2 Monthly Beach Volume variations in the year 2017 ......................................... 42 4.2.3 Seasonal Beach Profile Variation ...................................................................... 50 4.2.4 Annual Changes in the Beach Profile ................................................................ 60 4.2.5 Inter-annual Changes in the Beach Profile ........................................................ 63 4.2.6 Observations from Beach profiles at Valliyathura 2015-2018 .......................... 69 4.3 Validation and Comparison of results .................................................................... 72 5 VETTING OF REPORTS/ DATA ................................................................................ 79 5.1 Methodology adopted for verifying various parameters are provided below ..... 82 6 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................... 84 References:............................................................................................................................... 87 iv Comprehensive Shoreline Monitoring Programme LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3.1 Flowchart of the methodology adopted ............................................................... 6 Figure 3.2 Calculation of Short Term Shoreline change analysis ....................................... 7 Figure 3.3 Calculation of Long Term (LRR) Shoreline change analysis ............................ 8 Figure 3.4 Beach Profiles lines .............................................................................................. 11 Figure 3.5 Example of beach profile graph of CSP 28 using SANDS software ............... 14 Figure 3.6 Work Flow in SANDS ......................................................................................... 15 Figure 3.7 Profile Analysis by Level ..................................................................................... 15 Figure 3.8 Profile Analysis by Chainage .............................................................................. 16 Figure 4.1 Shoreline Change Map May 2000- Feb 2018 .................................................... 18 Figure 4.2 Shoreline Change Map May 2000- Dec 2010 .................................................... 19 Figure 4.3 Shoreline Change Map Dec 2010- Feb 2018 ...................................................... 20 Figure 4.4 Shoreline Change Map May 2000- Feb 2005 .................................................... 21 Figure 4.5 Shoreline Change Map Feb 2005- Dec 2010 ...................................................... 21 Figure 4.6 Shoreline Change Map Dec 2010- Jan 2015 ...................................................... 22 Figure 4.7 Shoreline Change Map Jan 2015- Feb2018 ....................................................... 22 Figure 4.8 Shoreline Change Map Jan 2015- Mar 2016 ..................................................... 23 Figure 4.9 Shoreline Change Map Mar 2016- Feb 2017..................................................... 24 Figure 4.10 Shoreline Change Map Feb 2017- Feb 2018 .................................................... 25 Figure 4.11 Shoreline Change Map for Fair weather period 2017.................................... 26 Figure 4.12 Shoreline Change Map for North East Monsoon 2017 .................................. 27 Figure 4.13 Shoreline Change Map for South West Monsoon 2017 ................................. 27 Figure 4.14 Shoreline change over the years 1988 to 2017. ................................................ 28 Figure 4.15 Trend of erosion along Valliyathura before and after 2010. ......................... 31 Figure 4.16 Trend of erosion along Valliyathura since 2000 of 5 year interval. .............. 31 Figure 4.17 Seasonal trend of erosion along Valliyathura Feb 2017- Feb 2018. .............. 31 Figure 4.18 Trend of erosion along Punthura before and after 2010. .............................. 32 Figure 4.19 Trend of erosion along Punthura since 2000 of 5 year interval. ................... 32 Figure 4.20 Seasonal trend of erosion along Punthura Feb 2017- Feb 2018. ................... 33 Figure 4.21 Monthly Beach Volume Changes during the year 2015 in m3/m .................. 36 Figure 4.22 Monthly Beach Volume Changes during the year 2016 in m3/m .................. 40 Figure 4.23 Monthly Beach Volume Changes during the year 2017 in m3/m .................. 44 v Comprehensive Shoreline Monitoring Programme Figure 4.24 Monthly Beach Volume Changes during the year 2018 in m3/m .................. 48 Figure 4.25 Seasonal Beach Volume Changes during the year 2015-16 in m3/m ............. 51 Figure 4.26 Seasonal Beach Volume Changes during the year 2016-17 in m3/m ............. 53 Figure 4.27 Seasonal Beach Volume Changes during the year 2017-18 in m3/m ............. 56 Figure 4.28 Seasonal Beach Volume Changes during the year 2018-19 in m3/m ............. 58 Figure 4.29 Annual Beach Volume Changes during the period between 2015 and 2018 in m3/m ........................................................................................................................................ 61 Figure 4.30 Inter-annual Beach Volume Changes from 2015 to 2016 in m3/m ................ 64 Figure 4.31 Inter-annual Beach Volume Changes from 2016 to 2017 in m3/m ................ 65 Figure 4.32 Inter-annual Beach Volume Changes from 2017 to 2018 in m3/m ................ 66 Figure 4.33 Total Beach Volume Changes in Inter-annual scenario from 2015