www.face MANUAL OF TRAFFIC SIGNS AND MARKINGS LINEMARKING PART 1 SIGNS June, 2018 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ TA-8777 FIJI 1 VERSION 1 – APRIL 2018 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________SECTION 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ TA-8777 FIJI 2 VERSION 1 – APRIL 2018 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Acknowledgement: FRA gratefully acknowledges the generosity of the Association of Australian and New Zealand Transport and Traffic Authorities(Austroads) in allowing FRA, an Austroads member) to use and reference much of the material used in this Guide. Unless specifically identified in the Guide, all diagrams and tables have been sourced from the various Austroads Design Guides. Permission for the use of such material for purposes other than this Guide must be sought directly from. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ TA-8777 FIJI 3 VERSION 1 – APRIL 2018 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ TA-8777 FIJI 4 VERSION 1 – APRIL 2018 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CHAPTER TITLES 1 GENERAL 6 1.1 Introduction 6 1.2 Line Marking and Road Rules 7 1.3 AS 1742.2 Clause 5.3 - LONGITUDINAL LINES 7 1.3.1 AS 1742.2 Clause 5.3.1 - General 7 1.3.2 AS 1742.2 Clause 5.3.2 – Dividing Lines 8 1.3.2 AS 1742.2 Clause 5.3.3 – Barrier Lines 9 1.4 Painted Islands 10 1.3.3 AS 1742.2 Clause 5.3.4 - Lane Lines 10 1.3.4 AS 1742.2 Clause 5.3.5 - Edge lines 17 1.3.5 AS 1742.2 Clause 5.3.6 - Continuity Lines 18 1.3.6 AS 1742.2 Clause 5.3.9 - Longitudinal lines at intersections and roundabouts 19 1.4 AS 1742.2 Clause 5.4 - TRANSVERSE LINES 19 1.4.1 AS 1742.2 Clause 5.4 1 - General 19 1.4.2 AS 1742.2 Clause 5 4 2 Give-way lines 20 1.4.3 AS 1742.2 Clause 5.4 3 Stop Iines 20 1.4.3 AS 1742.2 Clause 5.4 4 - Positioning of lines at STOP and GIVE WAY signs 20 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ TA-8777 FIJI 5 VERSION 1 – APRIL 2018 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 GENERAL 1.1 Introduction Purpose of Line Marking A system of clear and effective pavement markings is essential for the proper guidance and control of vehicles and pedestrians. Pavement markings may simply guide traffic or give advance warning, or they may impose restrictions that are supported by traffic regulations. They may act as a supplement to other road devices, but they are often the only effective means of conveying certain regulations and warnings to drivers. It is essential to check their use against the traffic laws and regulations before they are installed or removed, to avoid possible conflict or confusion. 5 Limitations Pavement markings have the following limitations: (a) They may not be clearly visible if the road is wet or dusty, e.g. near an edge or a median. (b) They are subject to traffic wear and usually require frequent maintenance. (c) They can be obscured by traffic. (d) Their effect on skid resistance requires careful choice of materials particularly when there are large marked surface areas. Markings within a traffic lane may be a hazard to motorcycles and should, where practicable, be avoided on curves. In spite of these limitations they have the advantage under favourable conditions of conveying information to drivers without diverting their attention from the road. Types of Line Marking The following types of markings are may be used and are described in detail in AS 1742.2: (a) Longitudinal lines Dividing lines AS 1742.2, Clause 5.3.2 Barrier lines AS 1742.2, Clause 5.3.3 Lane lines AS 1742.2, Clause 5.3.4 Edge lines AS 1742.2, Clauses 5.3.5 and 5.3.8 Continuity lines AS 1742.2, Clause 5.3.6 Turn lines AS 1742.2, Clause 5.3.7 Longitudinal lines at intersections AS 1742.2, Clause 5.3.9 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ TA-8777 FIJI 6 VERSION 1 – APRIL 2018 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (b) Transverse lines Stop lines AS 1742.2, Clause 5.4.2 Give-way lines AS 1742.2, Clause 5.4.3 Markings at STOP and GIVE WAY signs AS 1742.2, Clause 5.4.4 Pedestrian crosswalk lines AS 1742.2, Clause 5.4.5 (c) Other markings Diagonal and chevron markings AS 1742.2, Clause 5.5.1 Messages on pavements including words, numerals and arrows AS 1742.2, Clause 5.5.2 Marking of parking and loading areas See AS 1742.11 Kerb markings AS 1742.2, Clause 5.5.3 (d) Raised pavement markers AS 1742.2, Clause 5.6 1.2 Line Marking and Road Rules Refer to Austroads Guide to Traffic Management Part 10 – 2016, Section 6.1.1 1.3 AS 1742.2 Clause 5.3 - LONGITUDINAL LINES 1.3.1 AS 1742.2 Clause 5.3.1 - General The pattern and dimensions of longitudinal lines used in Fiji are shown in Table 9 below. Alternative patterns in high speed areas (80km/hr) are subject to the approval of the General Manager Network Operations & Maintenance. Guidelines for their use are included in the following Clauses. Table 9: Summary of longitudinal lines used in Victoria USE PATTERN AND DIMENSIONS Dividing Lines – AS 1742.2, Clause 5.3.2 Two-lane Two way (standard) 3m 9m gap 3m 100 wide Two-lane Two way (special purpose) 9m 3m gap 9m On street approaches to STOP or GIVEWAY 100 wide markings at intersections where it is only a one-lane approach, and parking allowed but less than 3m is available between dividing line and parked vehicles’ Multi-lane undivided 9m 3m gap 9m 150 wide Barrier Lines – Clause AS 1742.2, Clause 5.3.3 Single 100 or 150 wide _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ TA-8777 FIJI 7 VERSION 1 – APRIL 2018 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Double one-way 100 wide lines 100 space 3m 9m gap 3m Double two-way 100 wide lines 100 space Barrier Lines – Clause AS 1742.2, Clause 5.3.4 Standard Broken 3m 9m gap 3m 100 wide Standard continuous 100 wide Edge Lines – Clause AS 1742.2, Clause 5.3.5 Standard – default 100 wide Special Purpose – where parking prohibited 100 wide Edge Lines – Clause AS 1742.2, Clause 5.3.5 Standard 1m 3m gap 1m 100 wide Median Openings 600 600 gap Right side of approach at STOP / GIVE WAY 150 wide signs 1.3.2 AS 1742.2 Clause 5.3.2 – Dividing Lines Clause 5 3 2.2 - Two lane, two-way roads a) General If it is intended that U-turns be prohibited, a barrier line should be used in place of a dividing line. ________ ______ _______ 10m 1m gap m 1m gap 9m 100mm wide b) Special purpose dividing lines On street approaches to STOP or GIVE WAY markings at intersections where it is only a one-lane approach, and parking allowed but less than 3 m is available between dividing line and parked vehicles. ____________ ____________ 9m 3m gap 9m 100mm wide Where additional delineation is required and a barrier line would be too restrictive (does not prohibit overtaking and U-turns). _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ TA-8777 FIJI 8 VERSION 1 – APRIL 2018 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Clause 5.3 2.3 - Multi-lane roads If it is intended that U-turns be prohibited, a barrier line should be used in place of a dividing line. Clause 5 3.2.4 - Guides for the use of dividing lines Dividing lines should be used: • On urban arterial roads and rural roads with sealed width of 5.5 m or more, where traffic volumes exceed the following: • arterial urban roads: 2500 AADT • rural roads: 300 MDT The above is subject to: • Sealed pavements less than 6.2 m wide should only have dividing lines if the shoulders have adequate width and strength to cope with the higher shoulder usage that might be expected as a consequence of a dividing line. • At bridges less than 5.5 m between kerbs, the dividing line is discontinued 20 m to 30 m from each abutment (AS 1742.2:2009, Clause 4.6.2.2). • The practicality of maintaining pavement markings on short isolated lengths of rural roads remote from other markings should be considered. 1.3.2 AS 1742.2 Clause 5.3.3 – Barrier Lines Clause 5.3.3.1 - General a) Single barrier lines A 100 mm wide single barrier line may be used in the following situations: • On long lengths of winding road in hilly or mountainous terrain where speeds are relatively low, and which would otherwise require double barrier lines. • At isolated curves and crests on narrow rural roads not meeting the dividing line width guideline (Clause 5.3.2 of AS 1742.2:2009), but where barrier lines would be warranted on sight distance criteria, and shoulders are of an adequate standard. • Where the demand for gaps in double barrier lines (for property access)