UNM Earth Data Analysis Center New Mexico State Cooperating Technical Partner, FEMA Region 6 FY16-PM-MAS008 Mapping Activity Statement 006 Automated Landslide Hazard Detection September 2017 LiDAR Derived Landslide Products September 2017 Figures and Tables ........................................................................................................................................ ii Table of Abbreviations and Acronyms ......................................................................................................... iii Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 1 The Study Areas ............................................................................................................................................ 1 The Santa Fe County Study Area ............................................................................................................... 1 Rio Hondo HUC-8 Watershed Study Area ................................................................................................. 3 Landslide Types ............................................................................................................................................. 5 Methodology ................................................................................................................................................. 6 Slope.......................................................................................................................................................... 6 Profile Curvature ....................................................................................................................................... 8 Results ......................................................................................................................................................... 10 Geospatial Landslide Data ........................................................................................................................... 18 Future Work ................................................................................................................................................ 18 References .................................................................................................................................................. 19 Figures and Tables Figures Figure 1 - Santa Fe County (1) and Rio Hondo HUC-8 Watershed (2) study areas. ...................................... ii Figure 2 - Santa Fe County Study Area with Santa Fe (red star) and Española (blue triangle). .................... 2 Figure 3 Rio Hondo HUC-8 Watershed Study Area with Ruidoso (blue triangle) and Roswell (red triangle) ...................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Figure 4 - Classified slopes (yellow [value 1] and red [value 2]) along NM68 in Taos Canyon on the left and the same area from Google Street View (June 2016) on the right. ....................................................... 6 Figure 5- Classified high angle slopes (in yellow [value 1] and red [value2]) in the Santa Fe County study area. .............................................................................................................................................................. 7 Figure 6 – Classified high angle slopes (in yellow [value 1] and red [value2]) in the Rio Hondo HUC-8 Watershed study area. .................................................................................................................................. 8 Figure 7 - An example of the classified curvature (red) in the lower center in Ruidoso on the left and on the right the same cliff edge from Google Street View (June 2015). ........................................................... 8 Figure 8 - – Classified curvature values (red) in the Santa Fe County study area. ........................................ 9 Figure 9 – Classified curvature values (red) in Rio Hondo HUC-8 Watershed (bottom) study area. .......... 10 Figure 10 - The preliminary map landslide sites overlain on the classified slope map for the Santa Fe County study area. ...................................................................................................................................... 12 Figure 11 - The preliminary map landslide sites overlain on the classified slope map for Rio Hondo HUC-8 Watersheds study area. .............................................................................................................................. 13 Figure 12 - The mudflow susceptible drainages overlain on the classified slope map for the Santa Fe County study area. ...................................................................................................................................... 14 Figure 13 - The mudflow susceptible drainages overlain on the classified slope map for Rio Hondo HUC-8 Watersheds study area. .............................................................................................................................. 15 Figure 14 – The community anchor sites (red dots) with the mudflow susceptible drainages overlain on the classified slope map for the Santa Fe County study area. .................................................................... 16 Figure 15 - The community anchor sites (red dots) with the mudflow susceptible drainages overlain on the classified slope map for the Rio Hondo HUC-8 watershed study area. ................................................ 17 Tables Table 1 – Essential Facilities with Potential Landslide or Mudflow Exposure ……………………………………….11 ii UNM EDAC: Mapping Activity Statement 006 - Automated Landslide Hazard Detection; September 2017 Table of Abbreviations and Acronyms 3DEP [USGS] 3D Elevation Program BLM Bureau of Land Management CTP [FEMA] Cooperating Technical Partner DEM Digital Elevation Model DSM Digital Surface Model EDAC [UNM] Earth Data Analysis Center FEMA [U.S.] Federal Emergency Management Agency ft foot/feet GB gigabyte(s) GeoTIFF Geographic Tagged Image File Format GIS Geographic Information System GPSC Geospatial Product and Service Contracts GRS80 Geodetic Reference System of 1980 [spheroid] HUC Hydrologic Unit Code img, IMG ERDAS IMAGINE image file format LAS LASer File Format LiDAR, lidar light detection and ranging m meter(s) MB megabyte(s) NAD83 North American Datum of 1983 [datum] NAIP [USDA] National Agriculture Imagery Program NAVD88 North American Vertical Datum of 1988 [vertical datum] NDVI Normalized Difference Vegetation Index NHD [USGS] National Hydrologic Dataset NIR near infrared [light; reflectance] NMOSE New Mexico Office of the State Engineer NPS nominal pulse spacing; also, nominal point spacing QA/QC Quality Assurance/Quality Control QL2 Quality Level 2 Red visible red [light; reflectance] TB terabyte(s) UNM The University of New Mexico U.S., US United States of America USFS U.S. Forest Service USGS United States Geological Survey UTM Universal Transverse Mercator [projection] WUI Wildland Urban Interface XML Extensible Markup Language iii UNM EDAC: Mapping Activity Statement 006 - Automated Landslide Hazard Detection; September 2017 LiDAR Derived Landslide Products September 2017 Introduction As a part of an on-going contract as a Cooperating Technical Partner (CTP) with FEMA Region 6, Earth Data Analysis Center (EDAC) at the University of New Mexico (UNM) reviewed and processed LiDAR data sets in order to derive maps highlighting areas of landslide risk and the community anchor sites and transportation networks at risk. This particular project covered two different regions of New Mexico, each with their varying degrees of landslide risk – The Santa Fe County area and the Rio Hondo HUC-8 watershed. Both of these areas were covered by LiDAR data meeting the USGS Quality Level 2 (QL2) specification. The Study Areas Two areas in New Mexico were chosen for this landslide study, the Santa Fe County and the Rio Hondo HUC-8 Watershed study areas (Figure 1). These study areas have terrains typical of New Mexico composed of mountainous regions as well as cliff-lined mesas and hills and canyons inscribed by streams all of which are landforms which can host features at elevated landslide risk. In both cases, these areas have recently been covered by USGS Quality Level 2 (QL2) LiDAR data with nominal pulse spacing of 0.7- m which was used as the base data set from which the products were derived. Figure 1 - Santa Fe County (1) and Rio Hondo HUC-8 Watershed (2) study areas. The Santa Fe County Study Area This study area had LiDAR acquired for it 2014, largely funded by Santa Fe County and the City of Santa Fe, but also by the USGS and the City of Española. The bounds of the data acquisition go a little beyond the county boundaries to the east, south, and west county boundaries, but due to the additional funding provided by Española, which is in Rio Arriba County to the north, the acquisition polygon includes 1 UNM EDAC: Mapping Activity Statement 006 - Automated Landslide Hazard Detection; September 2017 Española and its proximal watersheds. All totaled, 3,030 square miles were acquired in 2014. The study area ranges from about 13,100 feet with the second highest peak in New Mexico, Truchas Peak, down to 5,370 feet along the Rio Grande. Despite this almost 8,000 feet of relief, most of the area is relatively flat with the landslide risk being found along the mesa