LBNL-39466 UC-1600 ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATIONAL LABORATORY User Guide to Power Management for PCs and Monitors Bruce Nordman, Mary Ann Piette, Kris Kinney, and Carrie Webber Environmental Energy Technologies Division January 1997 I(') 0 !:ri ...... o m -sCD:o Olllrrt '......... s:: z (')z 1. 111 om , <+ <+ I CD (') ·- ~ ~ -< C.--- CQ ·.J'~Ill ,0" ' ' t:T Ill r-. 0 -s CD, , C< . z, Ill . I r+l (') r/ .. o o ·w ,"l :0 •"0· . ID c: CD 'C< .;.t l ~. 't-' '~) DISCLAIMER This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. While this document is believed to contain correct information, neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor the Regents of the University of California, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by its trade name, trademark, manufact). .lfer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or the Regents of the University of California. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof or the Regents of the University of California. LBNL-39466 UC-1600 User Guide to Power Management for PCs and Monitors Bruce Nordman, Mary Ann Piette, Kris Kinney, and Carrie Webber Environmental Energy Technologies Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California Berkeley, CA 94720 January 1997 This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Building Technology State and Community Programs and the Federal Energy Management Program of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Division. Abstract Power management of personal computers (PCs) and monitors has the potential to save significant amounts of electricity as well as deliver other economic and environmental benefits. The Environmental Protection Agency's ENERGY STAR® program has transformed the PC market so that equipment capable of power management is now widely available. However, previous studies have found that many Energy Star compliant computer systems are not accomplishing energy savings. The principal reasons for this are systems not being enabled for power management or a circumstance that prevents power management from operating. This guide is intended to provide information to computer support workers to increase the portion of systems that successfully power manage. The guide introduces power management concepts and the variety of benefits that power management can bring. It then explains how the parts of a computer system work together to enter and leave power management states. Several common computer system types are addressed, as well as the complications that networks bring to power management. Detailed instructions for checking and configuring several system types are provided, along with "trouble shooting" advice. The guide concludes with a discussion of how to purchase Energy Star compliant systems and future directions for power management of PCs and related equipment. · 1 ii Table of Contents 1 Introduction to Power Management ........................................................ 1 1.1 Reasons for this guide .......................................................................... 1 1.2 How to use this guide ........................................................................... 1 1. 3 National benefits of power management ..................................................... 2 2 What is Power Management? .................................................................. 5 2.1 What is Power Management? .................................................................. 5 2.2 How the User Benefits from Power-Managed Computers ................................. 5 3 How Does Power Management Work? ..................................................... 9 3. 1 Introduction ...................................................................................... 9 3.2 Power Management Modes and System ...................................................... 9 3. 3 PC Power Management ....................................................................... 11 3 A PC Power Management with Networks .•.................................................. 14 3.5 Monitor Power Management.. ............................................................... 15 3. 6 Power Management in Workstations ............ : .......................................... 16 3. 7 Aftermarket Devices ................................................... ; . 17 3.8 Potential Barriers To Power Management .................................................. 18 4 What can I do with my existing stock of PCs ? ....................................... 19 4.1 Turn off computers at night and on weekends ............................................. 19 4.2 Detennining·Power Management Capability and Enabling Power Management ................................................................................... 19 4. 3 Overview ....................................................................................... 22 4.4 Trouble Shooting ...................................................... : ............. : ......... 23 5 ·How do I buy new ENERGY STAR® computers? ...................................... 27 6 Future Directions ................................................................................ 31 7 Summary .......................................................................... ·................. 35 8 References .......................... ·................................................................ 37 Appendices 39 A. Glossary ........................................................................................ 39 B . Resources ....-. ................................................................................. 41 C. BIOS Setup Systems ......................................................................... 45 D. Enabling Power Management for Specific Systems ...................................... 49 0.1 Introduction .............................................................................. 49 0.2 Enabling Monitor Power Management in x86-based machines .................... 49 0.3 Enabling PC Power Management in x86-based machines .......................... 49 0.4 Enabling Monitor and PC Power Management in BIOS ............................ 51 0.5 Enabling Power Management in Apple Systems .................................... 54 0.6 Enabling Power Management in Sun Systems ............... ~....................... 57 0.7 Install Aftermarket Devices ............................................................. 57 E. Assumptions ................................................................................... 59 F. One-page Summary ........................................................................... 61 G. Audit Procedures .............................................................................. 63 iii \ iv Acknowledgments · The authors gratefully appreciate the assistance of Andrew Fanara, Linda Latham, Manjunath Athrey, Anthony Balducci, Paul Benson, Theo Dirksen, Erin Craig, Mike Flora, Judy Gerstenberger, Jeff Harris, Barbara Hill, Jon Koomey, Peter van der Linden, Chris Payne, Brian Pon, and CompUSA of Emeryville in the preparation of this guide. This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098, specifically the Office of Building Technology and Federal Energy Management Program, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Division. LBNL-39466. DISCLAIMER This document was prepll!"ed as an account of work sponsored by the· United States Government. While this document is believed to contain correct information. neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor The Regents of the University of California. nor any of their employees, makes any wlll"ranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information. applll"atus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein io any specific commercial product. process, or service by its trade name. trademark. manufacturer. or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of California. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regent' of the University of California. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is an equal opportunity employer. v VI / Chapter 1: Introduction to Power Management 1.1 Reasons for this guide Power management technology was developed for personal computers (PCs) and monitors to reduce energy consumption when they are not in active use. In addition to the environmental benefits of reduced