Daugavpils Universit‚te Soci‚lo zin‚tÚu fakult‚te Soci‚lo pÁtÓjumu instit˚ts REÃION¬LAIS ZI“OJUMS REGIONAL REVIEW P«TŒJUMU MATERI¬LI RESEARCH PAPERS Nr. 5 (2009) DAUGAVPILS UNIVERSIT¬TES ~ AKAD«MISKAIS APG¬DS ìSAULEî ~ 2010 Apstiprin‚ts DU SZF Soci‚lo pÁtÓjumu instit˚ta Zin‚tnisk‚s padomes sÁdÁ 2009. gada 22. decembrÓ, protokols Nr. 30. Jermolajeva E. (red.) ReÏion‚lais ziÚojums. PÁtÓjumu materi‚li. Nr. 5 (2009). Daugavpils: Daugavpils Universit‚tes AkadÁmiskais apg‚ds ìSauleî, 2010. 140 lpp. Rakstu kr‚juma redakcijas kolÁÏija: Dr. oec., asoc. prof. E. Jermolajeva, redakcijas kolÁÏijas prieksÁdÁt‚ja (Daugavpils, Latvija), Dr. sc. soc., prof. V. MeÚikovs, redakcijas kolÁÏijas prieksÁdÁt‚jas vietnieks (Daugavpils, Latvija), Dr. sc. soc., asoc. prof. V. Volkovs (Daugavpils, Latvija), Dr. habil. oec., prof. V. Kosiedovskis (ToruÚa, Polija), PhD J. Holm Hansen (Oslo, NorvÁÏija), Dr. oec., prof. L. Svarinskis (RÁzekne, Latvija), Dr. agr., prof. V. StrÓÌis (Jelgava, Latvija), Dr. oec., asoc. prof. J. EglÓtis (Daugavpils, Latvija), Dr. oec., asoc. prof. J. KaktiÚ (Jelgava, Latvija), Dr. oec., asoc. prof. A. EglÓte (Jelgava, Latvija), Dr. art., asoc. prof. D. Hanovs (RÓga, Latvija), Dr. phil., doc. L. GorbaceviËa (Daugavpils, Latvija), Dr. psyh., doc. A. Ru˛a (Daugavpils, Latvija). Rakstu kr‚juma redakcija: Elita Jermolajeva (redaktore) Deniss Hanovs Dmitrijs OÔehnoviËs Inta Ostrovska Ludmila PaÚina (sekret‚re) Par rakstos atspoguÔotajiem faktiem, viedokÔiem un terminoloÏiju atbild rakstu autori. P‚rpublicÁanas gadÓjum‚ nepiecieama Daugavpils Universit‚tes atÔauja. CitÁjot atsauce uz izdevumu oblig‚ta. Adrese: Daugavpils Universit‚te Soci‚lo zin‚tÚu fakult‚te Soci‚lo pÁtÓjumu instit˚ts Par‚des iela 1 ñ 421, Daugavpils LV-5400, Latvija t‚lr. (+371) 654 22163, (+371) 654 20032 e-pasts: [email protected] Liter‚r‚ redaktore: Lilita RÁÌe MaketÁt‚jas: LÓga VÁrdiÚa, Marina StoËka V‚ka dizaineri: M‚ris »aËka, Ilze Meldere ISSN 1691-6115 ISBN 978-9984-14-478-8 © Daugavpils Universit‚te, 2010 Confirmed at Daugavpils University Institute of Social Investigation, Scientific Board meeting on December 22, 2009, Protocol No 30. Jermolajeva E. (Ed.) Regional review. Research papers. Nr. 5 (2009). Daugavpils: Daugavpils University Academic Press ìSauleî, 2010. 140 p. Editorial Board: Dr. oec., Assoc. Prof. E. Jermolajeva, Chief of Editorial Board (Daugavpils, Latvia), Dr. sc. soc., Prof. V. MeÚikovs, Vice-Chairman of Editorial Board (Daugavpils, Latvia), Dr. sc. soc., Assoc. Prof. V. Volkovs (Daugavpils, Latvia), Dr. habil. oec., Prof. V. Kosiedovskis (ToruÒ, Poland), PhD J. Holm Hansen (Oslo, Norway), Dr. oec., Prof. L. Svarinskis (RÁzekne, Latvia), Dr. agr., Prof. V. StrÓÌis (Jelgava, Latvia), Dr. sc. soc., Dr. phil., Researcher V. Voronovs (Daugavpils, Latvia), Dr. oec., Assoc. Prof. J. EglÓtis (Daugavpils, Latvia), Dr. oec., Assoc. Prof. J. KaktiÚ (Jelgava, Latvija), Dr. oec., Assoc. Prof. A. EglÓte (Jelgava, Latvia), Dr. art., Assoc. Prof. D. Hanovs (RÓga, Latvia), Dr. phil., Assist. Prof. L. GorbaceviËa (Daugavpils, Latvia), Dr. psyh., Assist. Prof. A. Ru˛a (Daugavpils, Latvia). Editorial staff: Elita Jermolajeva (editor-in-chief) Deniss Hanovs Dmitrijs OÔehnoviËs Inta Ostrovska Ludmila PaÚina (secretary) In the articles published in Regional Review the authorsí style has been preserved and they are responsible for the facts and opinions reflected and the terminology used in their articles. No part of this Collection of Articles may be reproduced in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, or any other means, without written permission from Daugavpils University. If quoted the reference to this edition is obligatory. Address: Daugavpils University Faculty of Social Sciences Institute of Social Investigations Par‚des street 1 ñ 421, Daugavpils LV-5400, Latvia phone (+371) 654 22163, (+371) 654 20032 e-mail: [email protected] Language editor: Lilita RÁÌe Layed-out by LÓga VÁrdiÚa, Marina StoËka Cover designers: M‚ris »aËka, Ilze Meldere The journal ìRegional Reviewî is a collection of articles focused on the regional development. The journal is published once a year. The articles published in the journal present the results of scientific research in the field of social sciences: sociology, social psychology, economics, regional history and law. The articles are published in English. fiurn‚ls ìReÏion‚lais ziÚojumsî ir reÏion‚lajai attÓstÓbai veltÓtu zin‚tnisko pÁtÓjumu materi‚lu kr‚jums. Izdevums tiek izdots reizi gad‚. fiurn‚l‚ publicÁtie materi‚li ietver zin‚tnisko pÁtÓjumu rezult‚tus soci‚lo zin‚tÚu jom‚: socioloÏij‚, soci‚laj‚ psiholoÏij‚, ekonomik‚, vÁsturÁ un tiesÓbu zin‚tnÁ. Izdevum‚ materi‚li tiek publicÁti angÔu valod‚. Журнал “Региональный Вестник” – сборник научных статей, отражающий проблематику регионального развития. Периодичность издания – раз в год. В журнале публикуются материалы, отражающие результаты исследований в области социологии, социальной психологии, экономики, истории и права. В издании материалы публи- CONTENTS Aija Sannikova, Aina Dobele, Rita Baltere, Elita Jermolajeva Quantitative Changes of Human Resources in the Regions of Latvia and the Role of Life-Long Learning .......................................................................... 7 Vera BoroÚenko Latvian Real Clusters and its Role in the Development of Regional Competitiveness .................................................................................. 19 KristÓne Vuc‚ne Daugavpils University as the Builder of Intercultural Dialogue in Daugavpils Printed Mass Media......................................................................... 39 Inta Ostrovska, Aleksejs Vorobjovs Peculiarities of Education Mental Evaluation from the Point of View of Inhabitants of Latvian Regions .......................................................................... 50 Dmitrijs OÔehnoviËs Why They? or Looking for an Enemy: Paradigms of Anti-Semitism in Easter Latvia (Latgale) in the 20th ñ 21st cent. ..................................................... 65 Dalia EidukienÎ Lorenz Von Stein about Freedom and a Social Problem ..................................... 77 Yauhen Hreben Local History. Braslav District During Nazi Occupation 1941ñ1944 ................ 83 Mikalai Pivavar The Dvina in Belarus: History of Studying, Trade, Shipping Culture, Recreational Potential ........................................................................................ 100 OÔegs PapsujeviËs The Development of the Building Ceramics Production in the Latgale Region During the Years of the Republic of Latvia (1918 ñ 1940)..................... 123 Authors.................................................................................................................... 139 General Requirements for the Articles ..................................................................... 140 . 6 QUANTITATIVE CHANGES OF HUMAN RESOURCES IN THE REGIONS OF LATVIA AND THE ROLE OF LIFE-LONG LEARNING Aija Sannikova, Aina Dobele, Rita Baltere, Elita Jermolajeva The paper focuses on the analysis of changes in the number of population by the regions of Latvia between 2005 and 2008 and forecasts related to the mentioned changes as well as the necessity for the development of a lifelong learning system on the conditions of quantitative changes of human resources. The aim of the research is to study quantitative changes of human resources and forecasts of the changes for the period of 2005 ñ 2030 in Latvia and Latgale region, as well as the role of lifelong learning in the context of these changes. Analysis of documents and statistical data, study of research materials and publications on the coherencies related to the changes in the number of population, employment and lifelong learning. Results: 1. The number of population will continue to decrease in Latvia, especially in Latgale for the period of 2005 ñ 2030. The most rapid decline in the number of population of working age is expected in Latgale, less decrease is expected in Vidzeme, Kurzeme, and Zemgale. The breakdown of labour force will change by regions and it will centre around Riga and Pieriga. 2. The necessity to raise human potential and to facilitate employment is one of the most essential arguments for the improvement of lifelong learning system. Conclusions: 1. An efficient lifelong learning system shall be established to meet the needs of the national economy for qualitative labour force under conditions when the total number of population significantly decreases and the number of population at working age may decline in the future. 2. The development of human potential shall be related to the demands and trends of labour market as well as regional development strategies. Key words: population in regions, lifelong learning, employment, human resources, regional development. Changes in the Number of Population in Latvia Within the development process of Latvian economy the structure of labour market changes dynamically not only quantitatively, but also qualitatively, thus creating disproportions between demand and supply of labour force in the national economy sectors and development of these sectors in regions; therefore, creating obstacles for facilitating a balanced employment in cities, towns and rural areas, for females and males, persons with special needs and different social and ethnic groups. Labour market is an environment where interaction between labour supply and demand occurs, thus determining the level and placement of wages. Within the recent five years considerable quantitative traits have been observed in the labour