Master/Teacher Model at Louisiana College The Gospel of Mark Bible Study Fall Semester 2020 Abstract on The Gospel of Mark: The Gospel of Mark is believed to be the first Greek Gospel. This Gospel bears the name Mark because of its author John Mark, who was a travel companion of the Apostle Paul. The content for the Gospel of Mark is believed to be the memoirs of the Apostle Peter, which Mark wrote while Peter served out his final days in a Roman prison. The date for writing the Gospel of Mark is debated more than authorship. Dr. Daniel Wallace and other scholars composite that the Gospel of Mark was written probably in the 50’s. However, Dr. Bill Warren and other scholars believe that the Gospel of Mark was written probably between A.D. 65-70, which supports the date for Markan Priority. The Gospel of Mark reveals Jesus as the Suffering Servant and the Perfect Disciple and calls believers to remain faithful in light of suffering as followers of Christ. This Bible book offers the Louisiana College family a beautiful opportunity to search within for what the Lord is calling you to do but also to realize that suffering is just part of being an imperfect yet faithful disciple of Christ Jesus. I invite you to join the journey this academic year and learn more about Jesus through the heart of Mark, a disciple of Jesus and the Apostle Peter. Session 1: Mark 1:1-13 Text of The Gospel of Mark 1:1-13 1The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God. 2 As it is written in Isaiah the prophet, “Behold, I send my messenger before your face, who will prepare your way, 3 the voice of one crying in the wilderness: Prepare the way of the Lord, make his paths straight,’” 4 John appeared, baptizing in the wilderness and proclaiming a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins. 5 And all the country of Judea and all Jerusalem were going out to him and were being baptized by him in the river Jordan, confessing their sins. 6 Now John was clothed with camel’s hair and wore a leather belt around his waist and ate locusts and wild honey. 7 And he preached, saying, “After me comes he who is mightier than I, the strap of whose sandals I am not worthy to stoop down and untie. 8 I have baptized you with water, but he will baptize you with the Holy Spirit.”9 In those days Jesus came from Nazareth of Galilee and was baptized by John in the Jordan. 10 And when he came up out of the water, immediately he saw the heavens being torn open and the Spirit descending on him like a dove. 11 And a voice came from heaven, “You are my beloved Son; with you I am well pleased.” 12 The Spirit immediately drove him out into the wilderness. 13 And he was in the wilderness forty days, being tempted by Satan. And he was with the wild animals, and the angels were ministering to him. Original Meaning: The opening section of the Gospel of Mark assumes a great deal about the life of Jesus. Mark assumed his audience knew about the immaculate conception of Mary, the virgin birth of Jesus, the genealogy or background of Jesus, along with his early years as a young boy. These assumptions by Mark for his readers is based on the fact that the Gospel of Mark opens with the public ministry of Jesus and the beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, as the Son of God from the perspective of Simon Peter, through the writing ability of John Mark. From the beginning of Mark’s gospel, the biblical writer connected the life of Jesus with the Old Testament, probably showing that Jesus is the fulfillment of the Old Testament. This task is completed as Mark “blends Exodus 23:20 (LX X) and Malachi 3:1 (Heb.), and Mark 1:3 is from Isaiah 40:3 (LXX). Mark adopted a traditional understanding of these verses so he could use them without explanation (John D. Grassmick, “Mark,” in The Bible Knowledge Commentary: An Exposition of the Scriptures, ed. J. F. Walvoord and R. B. Zuck, vol. 2 (Wheaton, IL: Victor Books, 1985), 103). These verses are to introduce the ministry of John the Baptist, provide a way for the baptism of Jesus, and finally reveal the temptation of Jesus. Through the ministry of John the Baptist, the role of the forerunner was completed as he preached in the wilderness, even calling the religious leaders from the religious centers, showing that a new day and a new kingdom had arrived. Through the baptism of Jesus, Mark revealed this new day and kingdom centered on Jesus Christ and this observation was confirmed by God the Father. Yet, through the temptation of Jesus, the Father provided a way for future believers to have a way to connect with Him, although the pathway to true worship of God would not come without temptation and suffering by the faithful followers of Christ. Bridging the Context: Seeking to bring this Bible passage into a 21st century world does not come without problems. The serious Bible student must study through these Bible verses observing that an Ancient Near Eastern context is far different from the Western mindset that we bring to the biblical text. We must understand that Jesus is the fulfillment of the Old Testament. Yet, we must also understand that Jesus is Son of God in the New Testament, who has ushered into existence the glorious Kingdom of God. Therefore, Mark was calling believers to take the gospel of Christ into a multi-cultural 1st century world that was lacking a true Christian worldview. Yet, we are called to bridge the gap for Christ in a 21st century world noting how these important events are to shape our understanding of the Kingdom and furthering His kingdom on earth. Contemporary Significance: As you work to apply these Bible verses in your life, discuss the role of John the Baptist’s ministry for our context. Also, discuss the role of Jesus’ baptism for believers in our world, and finally how does the temptation of Jesus give us hope for times in our lives when we will face temptation and trials. Questions for Discussion: 1. What does it really mean to repent since John the Baptist shared a message of repentance during his ministry? 2. Do you think that people today understand the true message of repentance? Why or why not? 3. Is repentance essential for salvation according to Scripture? Why do you hold the view that you do? 4. Why was Jesus baptized? 5. How does the temptation of Jesus offer 21st-century Christians hope? 1 John D. Grassmick, “Mark,” in The Bible Knowledge Commentary: An Exposition of the Scriptures, ed. J. F. Walvoord and R. B. Zuck, vol. 2 (Wheaton, IL: Victor Books, 1985), 103. Session 2: Mark 1:14-20 Text of The Gospel of Mark 1:14-20 14 Now after John was arrested, Jesus came into Galilee, proclaiming the gospel of God, 15 and saying, “The time is fulfilled, and the kingdom of God is at hand; repent and believe in the gospel.” 16 Passing alongside the Sea of Galilee, he saw Simon and Andrew the brother of Simon casting a net into the sea, for they were fishermen. 17 And Jesus said to them, “Follow me, and I will make you become fishers of men.” 18 And immediately they left their nets and followed him. 19 And going on a little farther, he saw James the son of Zebedee and John his brother, who were in their boat mending the nets. 20 And immediately he called them, and they left their father Zebedee in the boat with the hired servants and followed him. Original Meaning: The biblical author moved the reader immediately into the context of Jesus’ earthly ministry. John the Baptist had been arrested, which meant that context for Jesus’ Kingdome being introduced would not be welcomed well. Yet, Mark shared that Jesus went into Galilee “preaching the gospel of God.” Mark used the term “preaching” to mean that Jesus went into Galilee to herald or shout forth the gospel or the good news of God. While the gospel of God was certainly good news, Jesus’ introduced the kingdom of God, which would be a threat to Judaism and to the Roman government. Furthermore, his message called religious people and others to a state of repentance and to proclaim their loyalty or allegiance to Jesus rather than Judaism, which would have caused the Jews a problem. Furthermore, the pledging of one’s loyalty to Jesus would have caused the Gentiles concern because were fearful of the Roman government. Yet, Mark wanted his Roman audience who were believers to understand that pledging one’s faith in Christ for salvation would not come without a cost whether Jew or Gentile. Furthermore, Mark revealed this position by sharing where Jesus called Peter, Andrew, James and John to the ministry or to Follow Me, as Jesus stated. The calling to follow Christ would call the disciples of Jesus to leave their occupation, families, comfortable living, and future to follow Christ and enhance the Kingdom of Jesus. Bridging the Context: This Bible passage will call the reader/interpreter to wrestle with what it means to be a Kingdom citizen while still living within one’s contemporary context. The reader will need to remember that the Ancient Near Eastern world is much different than the contemporary western way of thinking.